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The Supreme Court appears deeply divided about whether it can address partisan gerrymandering and come up with a standard to decide when politicians go too far in using politics to draw congressional districts that benefit one party over another.Hearing a case on Wednesday challenging a district in Maryland, several of the justices suggested that the issue could be addressed by the courts, but grappled with how to devise a manageable standard to govern future legislative maps.How the court rules could dramatically impact future races, as Democrats try to win back the House amid widespread unhappiness at President Donald Trump. Recently a state court in Pennsylvania redrew congressional districts there, possibly serving to erase the Republicans' 12-6 district advantage.Wednesday's case was brought by a group of Republican voters in Maryland who say Democrats went too far in redrawing districts after the last census.At one point during their one hour of oral arguments, Justice Stephen Breyer wondered whether the court should take the two challenges it has already heard dealing with maps in Wisconsin and Maryland, and another case out of North Carolina and hold arguments again next fall.The suggestion could have interesting implications if Justice Anthony Kennedy, who has been considering retirement and could be a key vote in the case, were to step down at the end of this term.On the issue of partisan gerrymandering, Breyer acknowledged that there seemed like "a pretty clear violation of the Constitution in some form" but he worried that the court needed a "practical remedy" so that judges would not have to get involved in "dozens and dozens and dozens of very important political decisions."Justice Elena Kagan pointed to the case at hand and said that Democrats had gone "too far" and took a "safe" Republican district and made it into a "pretty safe one" for Democrats. She referenced a deposition that then Democratic Gov. Martin O'Malley gave where he said his intent was to create a map "that all things being legal and equal, would nonetheless be more likely to elect more Democrats rather than less."Kagan asked a lawyer for Maryland, "How much more evidence of partisan intent could we need?"Breyer seemed to urge his more conservative colleagues to step in, for the first time, and devise a framework for how to address gerrymandering.Pointing to the particular facts in the case he said, "We will never have such a record again.""What do we do, just say goodbye... forget it," Breyer asked.The challengers say former Democratic Gov. Martin O'Malley led the charge to redraw the lines to unseat long-time GOP incumbent Rep. Roscoe Bartlett. They argue that Democrats diluted the votes of Republicans in the district by moving them to another district that had a safe margin for Democrats.In 2010, Bartlett won his district with by 28 percentage points, but he lost after the new maps were drawn in 2012 by 21 percentage points.But Justice Samuel Alito seemed to be on the other side of the spectrum and said, "Hasn't this Court said time and again you can't take all consideration of partisan advantage out of redistricting?"Justice Anthony Kennedy, whose vote could be critical, did not tip his hand but indicated that the current map, no matter what happens in the court, would have to be used in the next cycle.While the Supreme Court has a standard limiting the overreliance on race in map drawing except under the most limited circumstances, it has never been successful in developing a test concerning political gerrymandering. If the justices do come up with a standard, it could reshape the political landscape.In court, Michael Kimberly, a lawyer for the challengers, said that the Democratic politicians violated the free speech rights of voters by retaliating against them based on their party registration and prior voting history.He said that government officials may not "single out" a voter based on the votes he cast before.Maryland Solicitor General Steven Sullivan defended the map and suggested that the courts should stay out of an issue that is "inherently political." He argued that if the challengers prevail in their First Amendment challenge, it will mean that any partisan motive by political players would constitutionally doom all district maps.Justice Neil Gorsuch, appearing to agree with Sullivan, noted that the maps had been approved by the legislature.The challengers suffered a setback in the lower court when a special three-judge panel of federal judges refused to issue a preliminary injunction.Last year, the Supreme Court heard a similar political gerrymandering case in Wisconsin.That case was a statewide challenge brought by Democratic challengers to Republican-drawn state legislative maps. Challengers rely on both the First Amendment charge and say the maps violated the Equal Protection clause of the 14th Amendment.It is unclear why the Supreme Court added the Maryland case to the docket after hearing arguments in the Wisconsin case. 5026

The Scottish Parliament voted on Tuesday to unanimously approve a bill that would provide free feminine hygiene products to the public. The bill says products that are disposable, such as tampons and wipes, will be available to the public for free.The legislation, titled SP Bill 45A, spells out that local authorities ensure “period products” be obtainable free of charge to all persons who need them; education providers make period products obtainable for free for students; and that period products be available for free in public buildings.The legislation points out that Scotland is the first nation in the world to implement such a law, so it is unknown what the cost might be to the government.The Scottish government estimates there are nearly 1.6 million women of menstruation age in Scotland.“Thank you to everyone who has campaigned for period dignity and to my MSP colleagues for backing the Bill tonight. A proud day for Scotland and a signal to the world that free universal access to period products can be achieved,” the bill’s sponsor Monica Lennon tweeted."Proud to vote for this groundbreaking legislation, making Scotland the first country in the world to provide free period products for all who need them. An important policy for women and girls," Scotland's First Minister Nicola Sturgeon said on Twitter. 1337

The spread of COVID-19 is tough to trace and even tougher to predict, but researchers at Pittsburgh’s Carnegie Mellon University created an early warning system to help protect you from the virusMathematics professor Po-Shen Loh developed an app called NOVID, a contact-tracing app, to help communities see the virus coming before they get infected.On top of creating a brand new app, Loh teaches math to middle-school students online from his own office-turned-broadcast studio. He’s also the national coach for the United States Math Olympiad team that competes around the world.But when the pandemic hit, Loh wanted to take on one more project. “I like things that are supposed to be impossible, that can’t be done,” said Loh. Stopping the spread of the coronavirus seemed to fit the bill.“The problem with COVID is it spreads before you know you have it, that’s what makes COVID different," Loh said. "The only way you can control this disease is in helping people to know whether or not COVID is coming close to them in advance."That’s where the NOVID app can help, said Loh. “Shows the virus coming towards you based on your relationship network, so that you can protect yourselves from others before you actually get infected," Loh explained of the app. "This is in contrast to most other contact tracing apps that are designed to protect others from you."The app shows you positive cases in degrees of separation. A positive case in the first degree would be someone you live with. The second degree could be your coworker or a friend. The third degree would be that person’s spouse or child. Each degree of separation is a possible pathway for you to come in contact with COVID-19.“This thing shows you the virus coming towards you, kind of like a hurricane satellite shows you a hurricane coming towards you,” said Loh.In addition to showing you cases as they pop up around you, the app can track the distance between phones down to the inch.It uses both Bluetooth and ultrasound waves to give you that measurement to make sure you’re safely social distancing.“We don’t know of any other contact-tracing app in the entire world which will tell you, ‘here’s how far away we think the device was,’” said Loh.The safety of your personal information is one of the most important features of this app. It collects data, while you stay completely anonymous.“Many people are distrustful of an app that does contact tracing,” said Loh. “We never ask for your phone number or email."Those who are positive can self-report their case in the app. Loh is also working with cities and counties to integrate NOVID into health departments across the country. He said the health departments would issue a ticket with a number to each person who tests positive for the virus.That person would enter the number into their NOVID app, anonymously reporting the positive case in the community.“If this thing actually caught on, you’d see in all the cities and towns, whether it’s rural or urban, whenever COVID starts to rise up, you’d start to see everyone take caution. Not because anyone forced them to, but because they saw this is what would be useful,” said Loh.To create the powerful community resource Loh is hoping for, he said more people need to know about the app.“Right now, we only respond when the intensive care units are full, and then it’s too late, and people die on the sidewalk. But, what we wish would happen, is that people could see it coming, and then, everyone starts to be careful at the right time. With more traction, we can save more lives,” he said.Loh is hoping he can not only help save lives but help bring back life as we knew it.“The goal of what we’re trying to do is to give people headlights to drive in the dark. Our app is not designed to let other people control you; our app is designed to help you control your life,” said Loh.For more information on NOVID or to download it, click HERE. 3928

The Trump administration will end the protected immigration status of thousands of Central Americans who have been living in the US nearly two decades, urging Congress to act if it wants to spare those individuals from being uprooted.Department of Homeland Security acting Secretary Elaine Duke has decided to terminate Temporary Protected Status for Nicaragua with a 12-month delay, the department announced Monday night. DHS also said Duke has not been able to reach a decision on Honduras despite different agencies' input, triggering an automatic six-month extension. At the end of that six-month window, the homeland security secretary will make a decision to terminate or further extend the status.The Trump administration has signaled a desire to wind down the protections of Temporary Protected Status, which is an immigration status allowed by law for certain countries experiencing dire conditions, such as a natural disaster, epidemic or war. TPS protects individuals from deportation and authorizes them to work in the US. Without TPS, those individuals revert to whatever status they had previously -- which could leave large numbers as undocumented immigrants.In encouraging Congress to act if it wants to extend those protections permanently, the Trump administration echoed its move in ending the popular Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, which protects hundreds of thousands of young undocumented immigrants brought to the US as children and which President Donald Trump decided to sunset this fall.Both decisions were due by Monday, as the status was set to expire January 5. There is a 60-days-in-advance requirement by law to make a determination on extending or terminating Temporary Protected Status.The roughly 5,300 individuals from Nicaragua affected by this decision have lived in the US roughly 20 years: To qualify for TPS, Nicaraguans must have been living in the US continuously since January 5, 1999, after Hurricane Mitch devastated the country.DHS officials told reporters that Duke did not yet have enough information to make a decision on the 86,000 individuals covered under the Honduran protections, which by law triggers a six-month extension. Hondurans also have to have been living in the US continuously since January 5, 1999 to qualify, also due to Hurricane Mitch.The move was being closely watched and heavily lobbied on both sides.Though the administration says it is evaluating each country on its own, it has been more aggressive than previous administrations in evaluating only whether conditions have improved from what triggered the initial designation, regardless of dire conditions continuing due to other causes. That has the support of conservatives like Senate Judiciary Chairman Chuck Grassley, who wrote DHS last week urging them to not perpetually renew TPS.In the next few months, the status of hundreds of thousands of TPS recipients will be up for decision. The Trump administration has already terminated the status for Sudan, extended protections for South Sudan, and given itself an extra six months to decide on protections for roughly 58,000 Haitians. That will be the next decision due, at the end of the month. When former Homeland Security Secretary John Kelly extended Haitian TPS another six months over the summer, he encouraged recipients to either apply for status under some other means or prepare to depart the US.In extending Nicaraguan protections for a final 12 months, DHS officials on a call with reporters urged those recipients to "seek an alternative lawful immigration status in the United States, if eligible, or, if necessary, arrange for their departure."Coming up early next year is also a decision for El Salvador, with roughly 260,000 people covered from that country, who have lived in the US more than 15 years.One official also called on Congress to act if they want individuals to remain permanently. Democrats have heavily lobbied DHS to preserve the protections, as have advocacy groups and business groups like the US Chamber of Commerce."Only Congress can legislate a permanent solution and provide those in an otherwise perpetually temporary status with a certain future," the official said.Democrats were quick to call out the administration's move. The Congressional Hispanic Caucus called on Congress to act following the administration's "reckless" action."The Trump administration's irresponsible decision to end TPS for Nicaraguans will tear apart families and upend the lives of these hard-working individuals," CHC Chairwoman Michelle Lujan Grisham said in a statement. "These immigrants have lived in the United States for nearly 20 years and have raised US citizen children, contributed to our economy and enriched our communities. Deporting families who are contributing to the economic and social fabric of our nation isn't leadership; it's a reckless and callous abuse of power."  4920

The US Forest Service hopes families will want to end 2020 with a live tree, preferably one cut from a national forest.Cutting down a Christmas tree is a tradition for many, and a healthy tradition for the forests as smaller trees get thinned out.“By cutting your own tree, you take an active part in managing your national forests,” according to the US Forest Service webpage.Tree hunters should look for an area of tightly-knit, dense trees and pick one from there. This will in turn give the surrounding trees more space to grow, Hillary Santanez, recreation event coordinator with the White River National Forest, explained to KMGH.Thinning the forests in this fashion reduces competition for resources and nutrients so the other trees can grow stronger and healthier, Santanez said. It also helps the trees handle stressful environmental situations, such as drought. In addition, thinning dense forests can help with wildfire mitigation.Families who have a fourth or fifth grader can get a free permit from the Every Kid Outdoors initiative through the US Forest Service. Otherwise, permits to cut down a tree in a national forest run to depending on the park. Permits are required. All permit sales are online for 2020, along with maps, how to select a tree, guidance for cutting it down and safety reminders. Like, dressing for the cold, possibly dark and snowy forest conditions. The different parks have different rules about where a Christmas tree can be cut down from, usually it has to be about 200 feet from roads and campgrounds."You want to make sure that you're not trespassing on private property, so going onto our website and downloading a map is essential so that you can make sure that you're staying on forest land because a lot of the forest land, especially in the Front Range area, is really adjacent to private property, and you have to make sure that you're following the law while you're up there," Pike and San Isabel National Forests and Cimarron and Comanche National Grasslands Public Affairs Officer Crystal Young told KOAA News.There are height and trunk size requirements as well to make sure tree hunters are taking the smaller trees to help thin out forests. Find details on the US Forest Service website. 2258