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BEIJING, March 5 (Xinhua) -- Chinese leaders joined deputies to the National People's Congress (NPC), the country's top legislature, in deliberating the government work report by Premier Wen Jiabao Thursday, calling for concerted efforts to overcome difficulties and achieve fresh development. When joining NPC deputies from the eastern Jiangsu Province, President Hu Jintao urged them to have a clear mind of the current domestic and international situation, saying "challenges before us are really severe, but opportunities still exist". Chinese President Hu Jintao (front R), meets with deputies to the Second Session of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC) from east China's Jiangsu Province, in Beijing, capital of China, March 5, 2009. Hu Jintao joined in the panel discussion of Jiangsu delegation on the opening day of the Second Session of the 11th NPC. It is a must to seize the opportunities, brave the challenges and do our utmost to minimize the impact of the international financial crisis, Hu said. "(We) must break new ground by tackling challenges and achieve fresh development by overcoming difficulties," he added. He called for more efforts to improve the well-being of the people especially when there are difficulties in the way of economic development. This included increasing job opportunities, expanding the social security net and providing better education and medical care services. The president urged officials at all levels to oppose waste and extravagance and make good use of money to promote economic and social development and improve people's lives. He asked officials to "study earnestly, behave honestly and work with integrity." Wu Bangguo (front R), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and also chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC), shakes hands with a deputy to the Second Session of the 11th NPC from east China's Anhui Province, in Beijing, capital of China, March 5, 2009. Wu Bangguo joined in the panel discussion of Anhui delegation on the opening day of the Second Session of the 11th NPC.While deliberating the report with lawmakers from Anhui Province, top legislator Wu Bangguo said priority should given to maintaining steady and relatively rapid economic growth, accelerating economic restructuring and improving people's well-being. Top political advisor Jia Qinglin echoed Wu's view while discussing with deputies from Beijing. Jia Qinglin (R), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and also chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), meets with deputies from Beijing to the Second Session of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC) in Beijing, capital of China, March 5, 2009. Jia Qinglin joined in the panel discussion of Beijing delegation on the opening day of the Second Session of the 11th NPCJia, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, told said that as the national capital, Beijing has gained precious experience from hosting the Beijing Olympics and Paralympics. Based on the experience, he hoped the people in Beijing could succeed in creating a good atmosphere for celebrations of the 60thanniversary of New China which falls on Oct. 1. Li Changchun (front R), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, shakes hands with a deputy to the Second Session of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC) from southwest China's Sichuan Province, in Beijing, capital of China, March 5, 2009. Li Changchun joined in the panel discussion of Sichuan delegation on the opening day of the Second Session of the 11th NPCLi Changchun, member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, said the Scientific Outlook on Development should be embodied in cultural building to better serve the people's cultural needs and promote economic and social progress. While attending a group discussion with lawmakers from Sichuan Province, Li also praised the province for its reconstruction efforts after the May 12 earthquake last year. Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping (front R), who is also a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, shakes hands with a deputy to the Second Session of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC) from east China's Shanghai Municipality, in Beijing, capital of China, March 5, 2009. Xi Jinping joined in the panel discussion of Shanghai delegation on the opening day of the Second Session of the 11th NPC. Vice President Xi Jinping joined deputies from Shanghai in their discussion and praised the people of Shanghai in their preparations for hosting the World Expo due to open in 2010. He called on Shanghai officials to do everything possible to improve people's lives, properly handle issues concerning the interests of the people and maintain social stability.
BEIJING, Feb. 6 (Xinhua) -- Thousands of Chinese wrote to the Ministry of Education in the past month to offer advice on the education plans for the next decade, according to a ministry official on Friday. The Ministry of Education received about 1.1 million pieces of proposals in the past month, said Tian Huisheng, said a ministry official in charge of processing the public opinions. People sent e-mails, letters and left posts on the ministry's Web site since the draft of the long-term plan on education reform and development was announced to solicit public opinions on Jan. 7. The plan will be the country's first education development plan in the 21st century. It will include major guidelines and policies about education before 2020. People from various backgrounds wrote to the ministry, including teenage students, retired teachers and pedagogy experts, said Han Jin, director of the education development planning division under the ministry in charge of drafting the plan. "The ministry has never ever received so many proposals." Han recalled a letter from a 91-year-old retired teacher. He suggested the schools to improve training on students' handwriting as more and more young people are using computers. "The proposals were about a wide range of topics but many focused on the biggest challenges in today's education service," Tian said. Based on the proposals, the ministry made a list of top 20 problems people cared most about education service. The top ten problems were: How to improve the number and quality of teachers in rural areas; how to realize quality education; how to reform the administration of educational institutions; how to reform the enrollment exams of all levels; how to improve preschool education; how to reduce the homework of primary and middle school students; how to fully implement the nine-year compulsory education program; how to reform higher education; how to improve the education service to rural residents and children of migrant workers; and to enable people to enjoy equal access to education. "We will not leave out any valuable proposals. A team made up of dozens of education experts were processing the proposals round the clock," Tian said. Education has long been one of the most talked about and controversial social problems among Chinese. A survey by the National Bureau of Statistics issued in early 2008 showed that education was the fourth most important issue to the Chinese people, following health care service, social morality and social security. "Education is relevant to every citizen. Students are from different backgrounds and interest groups. That's why an education development plan must be discussed widely in the society to reach a common understanding," said Prof. Yang Dongping, a pedagogy expert with the Beijing Institute of Technology. The agenda of the public education policy should be set through such discussions, he said. "We hope more people continue offering their ideas about the top 20 problems we announced today, especially practical proposals," Han said. The proceeding to solicit public opinions will end by the end of this month.

PATTAYA, Thailand, April 11 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao, in an interview with Hong Kong and Macao reporters here Saturday, said that the Chinese economy showed signs of better than expected positive changes in the first quarter as a result of the economic stimulus package adopted by China. Firstly, the domestic demand rose on a sustainable basis. Meanwhile, investment in fixed assets increased rapidly and consumer demand grew steadily and relatively rapidly. Although lower from the same period of last year, imports and exports grew on a month-on-month basis in the three-month period, Wen said. This indicates that some sectors and enterprises in China are in a process of gradual recovery. Secondly, industries above the designated size registered month-on-month growth, with a year-on-year increase of 3.8 percent in both January and February, and a year-on-year increase of 8.3 percent in March. Thirdly, the purchase management index and the entrepreneur confidence index of the manufacturing industry both rose, indicating that the Chinese economy has begun to stabilize and recover in some fields, according to Wen. And fourthly, the market confidence went up and the economy became more active over the first three months, with increases in both the stock market and housing market transaction volumes. The positive performances in economic fields suggest that the policies adopted by the central government of China have been timely and correct, and have led to successes, the premier noted. The premier was here to attend the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) related summits. The Chinese premier went back home late Saturday ahead of schedule, after the Thai government postponed the summits because of domestic political unrest. The premier said we should see that China's economy is still facing very serious hardships, which can be attributed to the shrink of external demand and a relatively sharp fall in exports. This has negatively impacted export enterprises, export-oriented industries and export-oriented zones, and has resulted in decreases in business profit making, declines in financial revenues and heavier pressure on employment, he said. As the international financial crisis is deepening and spreading, we should never lose vigilance, Wen warned. As the crisis has not touched its bottom, we can hardly say that the Chinese economy alone has got out of the crisis. China cannot save the world, nor can it survive without the world, Wen said. What we should do is to exert our utmost efforts to minimize the effect of the crisis, he said. When answering questions whether China will introduce additional economic stimulus plans, Wen said the government should now step up efforts to carry out the policies and measures of the existing stimulus package. The earlier they are put into effect, the more beneficial and active they will be, he said. Firstly, it is imperative to release the additional investment for stimulating the economy that has been included into the budget. Secondly, specific rules for reforming and reviving a total of ten key industries should be formulated as early as possible. And thirdly, efforts should be made to speed up the development of the social security system, Wen said, adding that the national medical and health-care system reform launched in recent days, which has drawn international attention, should be implemented as early as possible. At the same time, it is essential to closely follow up the changing economic situation at home and abroad, and hammer out new response plans whenever necessary, said Wen. Priority should be given to strengthening social security, improving the people's livelihood and strengthening protection of the ecological environment, he said. In response to questions about the trial of cross-border trade deals in the Chinese yuan, Wen said the central government has decided to test the program in the city of Shanghai, as well as four cities in south China's Guangdong province -- Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Dongguan and Zhuhai. Hong Kong and Macao will be included in the pilot program, and ASEAN members will become the first group of foreign countries to benefit from the scheme, Wen said, adding the regulatory documents governing the pilot program will be issued in a short time, Wen said. The program will promote Hong Kong's trade development, and will help its enterprises, including those in the Pearl River Delta region and other areas in the Chinese mainland, to stave off the risks from exchange rate fluctuations, he said. This will invigorate Hong Kong's financial industry and underpin its position as an international financial hub, he added. Wen said that compared with developed countries, China, as a developing country, has undergone only a short period of time in its financial reform and development, lacking both experience and talented people, and there is also room for improvement in its financial system. At present, China allows the yuan to become convertible under the current account and it will take a long time to realize full capital account convertibility for the Chinese yuan, he said. Answering a reporter's question on whether building Shanghai into an international financial hub will rival Hong Kong's financial status, Wen said the Chinese central government has always paid close attention to the development of Hong Kong's financial sector. "I noticed that most of the media in Hong Kong showed support for the decision to build Shanghai into an international financial center, but lingering worries still remain," he said. Actually, the status of an international financial center is established not by a government decision but through market competition, he said. "I have said years ago that Hong Kong's status as an international financial center is irreplaceable due to its unique geographical advantage, a long history of financial management, extensive channels of financial operation, a full-fledged legal system and a rich pool of financial expertise," Wen said. However, Hong Kong's status as an international financial hub also meets challenges, he said. He added that what is imperative for the time being is to enhance regulation, maintain the stable, healthy and sustainable development of its financial sector, and to make due support for its economy. While developing the financial sector, Hong Kong should also spare no effort to tap the potential of its economic growth such as logistics, tourism, the health sector, science and technology, education, and high-tech industries, so as to lay a foundation forthe sustained economic development, he said. Responding to a question about the recent police investigation into Hong Kong-listed conglomerate CITIC Pacific, Wen said the issue should be addressed in accordance with the laws and financial supervision regulations of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, and no interference from the mainland or other parties will be allowed. Earlier this month, Hong Kong police searched the headquarters of the company, which reported huge losses from unauthorized hedging against changes in the exchange rates of Australian dollar last year. After all the facts are clarified, serious lessons should be drawn from this incident, including the company's management and its supervision, Wen said. On Macao's economic growth, Premier Wen said it has a unique economy powered mainly by its gambling industry. As the region continues to develop its gambling industry, efforts should be made to promote the region's economic diversity based on its own reality, he said. Macao's development is somewhat restrained due to its tiny area, but the central government is currently working on a long-term development plan of the Pearl River Delta to strengthen economic ties between Guangdong Province and Macao in an effort to promote Macao's development, said the premier. Because of Thailand's domestic situation, the Thai government on Saturday postponed the ASEAN related summits scheduled for April 11 and April 12. Wen said his visit to Thailand was designed to enhance the friendly cooperative relations between China and ASEAN and to make joint efforts with its members to tackle the global financial crisis. The Chinese premier said he had been aware of the situation in Thailand before his departure for the country, and his insistence on attending the summits indicated China's sincerity in this matter.
GUANGZHOU, Feb. 6 (Xinhua) -- Millions of migrant workers from rural areas in China are expected to enjoy their golden years with pensions, like the urbanites do, as the country's top social security authority has planned to help them systematically gain access to the service. A document released Thursday by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security to solicit public opinions said migrant workers could move their pension accounts from one place to another when they move, a practice that is currently banned for lack of proper regulations. "With the new rule, I can get pensions like urban elders when I am old," said Liu Xinguo, a migrant worker who comes from central Hunan Province. He is now working in a property management company in Guangzhou, capital of Guangdong Province. The proposed rule stipulates migrant workers who have joined pension plans can continue their pension accounts as long as they get pension premium payment certificates in their previous working places. Currently, Liu himself puts 100 yuan per month into his pension account while his company contributes 180 yuan on his behalf. "If I withdraw my pension account, I will no longer get the company's input in my pension account," said Liu, who has been working in Guangzhou for more than a decade. In fact, many migrant workers who have had pension accounts, have chosen to withdraw their accounts before they leave the place where they work and plans to work in other places. They only get the fund they have paid and cannot get the company's part in the accounts. Tang Yun, who comes from Jiangxi Province and is now in Dongguan City, Guangdong, is an example. Four months ago, Tang joined the pension plan in Dongguan. But now he plans to go to Shenzhen to find a new job. He had to withdraw his pension account and only got some 600 yuan in cash from the account. "I had no choice but to withdraw as the pension account could not go to Shenzhen," said Tang, who has been working in Guangdong for 8 years. However, with the new regulation, migrant workers will no longer face the same problem again. "It is a breakthrough in the pension system for migrant workers," said Cui Chuanyi, a rural economy researcher of the Development Research Center under the State Council, or cabinet. The new method removes the fundamental hurdles for migrant workers to join pension plans and protects their rights and interests, said the researcher. According to figures with the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, China has some 230 million migrant workers. By the end of last year, only 24 million joined pension programs. In addition to the transfer ban, high pension premiums present a challenge to the small number of migrant workers who do carry pension plans. According to the country's current regulations, the pension premium for urban workers include the employer's payment of 20 percent of an employee's salary and the employee's payment of 8 percent of his or her salary. The new rule says employers will pay 12 percent of employees' salaries and the employee will pay 4 to 8 percent of their salaries to meet the pension premiums. "The new rule will reduce the burden of companies and migrant workers in pension premium payment," said Cui Chuanyi. "That will encourage more companies to support the establishment of pension plans for migrant workers." The new regulations will also make it is easier for migrant workers to accumulate the 15 years of pension premium maturity required for receiving pensions, as the pension premium terms will be added when they move from place to place. In the past, the maturity was reset each time they withdrew. Chen Xinmin, a professor at South China Normal University, said from the point of view of narrowing the rural-urban gap, the adjustment of the pension system for migrant workers would have a far-reaching impact. "Given the fact that migrant workers have become a major part of China's industrial workforce, the new rule means a significant step forward to eliminating urban-rural differentiations and improving farmers' welfare," said the scholar. The upcoming revision of the pension system for migrant workers will also accelerate the urbanization process in China, said Chen. An official with the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security said Thursday the country was also planning to set up a national social security information consultation system starting with migrant workers. The system will use the identity card number of a citizen as his or her life-long social security card number.
BEIJING, March 5 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao Thursday called on the nation to strengthen "conviction for victory" as he unveiled an unprecedented stimulus package to shore up economic growth amid global downturn. In a work report to the National People's Congress (NPC), the country's parliament, Wen said China is facing "unprecedented difficulties and challenges" as economic growth slows, employment pressure mounts and social uncertainties increase in 2009, the most difficult year since the new millennium. PREMIER'S ECONOMICS China's economy cooled to a seven-year low of 9 percent last year, and broke a five-year streak of double-digit expansion, as the global financial crisis took its toll on the world's fastest growing economy. The country, however, is "able to achieve" an economic growth at about 8 percent as long as right policies and appropriate measures are adopted and implemented, Wen said. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao delivers a government work report during the opening meeting of the Second Session of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC) at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, March 5, 2009In his report, Wen outlined an aggressive stimulus package, including huge government investment, tax reform, industrial restructuring, scientific innovation, social welfare and promoting employment. In addition to a 4-trillion yuan (585.5 billion U.S. dollars) stimulus package that was announced in November, the premier also proposed a budgeted fiscal deficit of 950 billion yuan (139 billion U.S. dollars) for 2009, a record high in six decades and nearly three times over the last record of 319.8 billion yuan set in 2003. The deficit accounted for less than 3 percent of the gross domestic product (GDP), nearly surpassing an internationally accepted risky line. Wen said increasing government spending is the most active, direct and efficient way to expand domestic demand, while economists believe China's 2-trillion U.S. dollar foreign reserves, current-account surplus and budget surplus offers the government lots of room to do so. Other key economic and social targets included creating more than 9 million jobs in the city, controlling urban registered unemployment rate under 4.6 percent and keeping the rise of Consumer Price Index (CPI) at about 4 percent. EXPECTATIONS OF A MIGRANT WORKER AND MORE While nearly 3,000 lawmakers convened at the Great Hall of the People in the center of Beijing, Zhang You, a migrant worker from central Anhui Province who was waiting in his rented room for a job opportunity in the outskirts of the capital, also watched Wen's nationally televised speech, though the Premier's economics might be beyond his imagination. "I didn't quite understand what those figures meant," he said. "But I was impressed by Premier Wen's vow to expand social security for migrant workers and help us find jobs," the 30-year-old man said. "I am happy about that." Zhang, a painter, said he has had no work to do for months. "I guess it's because fewer people are buying houses," he said. China's real estate sector was also hit by the international financial crisis with fewer people buying houses. But Zhang said he believes he will soon be able to find a job. "I feel the government is trying hard to overcome the difficulties. This kind of situation won't last long." "I hope the economy will get better. My whole family is depending on me," said Zhang, one of the 20 million migrant workers who have lost jobs following the financial crisis. In addition to millions of migrant workers seeking jobs in the cities, another 6.1 million college students are due to graduate this year, worsening the country's unemployment woes. Announcing a 42-billion-yuan central government investment to boost job opportunities, Wen said in his report "the government will do everything in its power to stimulate employment." He said the government will make full use of the role of the service sector, labor-intensive industries, small and medium-sized enterprises, and the non-public sector of the economy in creating jobs, he said. Hao Ruyu, vice president of the Capital University of Economics and Business, said to maintain an 8 percent growth rate is "vital" to the Chinese economy and the country's stability. "One percentage point growth could create 800,000 to 1 million jobs," said Hao, vice chairman of the NPC Financial and Economic Affairs Committee. Despite worsening world economy, economists are optimistic about China's economic growth as previous stimulus measures have started to show initial effects. Economist Li Yining told Xinhua that he believes China's economic growth this year could reach 8 percent, or even higher. The Chinese economy is also very likely to recover before other major economies, even though the world economy is still shrouded in uncertainty, said Li, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), the nation's top political advisory body. "The economic slowdown is beginning to bottom out, and the economy is bound to rebound on huge government investment," he said. According to a survey of factories issued Monday by the brokerage CLSA, China's manufacturing activity contracted for a seventh consecutive month in February, but at a slower rate than previous months. INVESTMENT FOR A HARMONIOUS SOCIETY While explaining the stimulus plan, Wen said the government will "give top priority to ensuring people's wellbeing and promote social harmony." He said a total of 908 billion yuan of the central government investment this year will go to projects aiming at improving people's life. Those projects covered low-income housing, education, health care, culture, environmental protection, and reconstruction in regions affected by the May 12 earthquake in Sichuan Province. As part of the efforts to shore up domestic demand, Wen said China will increase investment to improve China's social security network, whose low coverage has long been blamed for the country's high saving rate. He said the central government plans to spend 293 billion yuan on the social safety net this year, up 17.6 percent or 43.9 billion yuan over the estimated figure for last year. The money will be used to fund social welfare programs, including pension, medical insurance, unemployment insurance and living allowances to low-income groups. Wen also promised that his government will improve efficiency and continue to combat corruption. "We must discharge our duties with great diligence and, through our actions and achievements, build a government that is for the people and is pragmatic, clean, efficient to satisfy people's needs and win their trust," he said. CHINA IMPETUS LIMITED? As the world's fastest expanding economy, China's policy making has captured international attention since the world was hit by the financial turmoil. Before Wen delivered his report, U.S. stocks broke a five-day losing streak with the Dow Jones industrial average rising 149.82, or 2.2 percent, to 6,875.84 on Wednesday. Some analysts said expectations on China's economic stimulus package might have contributed to the stock jump. But Wang Xiaoguang, a Beijing-based economist, said such an influence is very "limited." Wang said China's stimulus package might help store up some investors' confidence in world economy, but the recovery of the world depends on both China and the United States. China's economic growth could help cushion the blows of world economic downturn, Wang said. "But if the U.S. economy continued to worsen, China alone could not revive the world," he said.
来源:资阳报