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NANJING, July 3 (Xinhua) -- The population of China, the world's most populous country, is projected to reach 1.39 billion by the end of 2015, with those age 60 or over topping 200 million people, said Li Bin, head of the country's top population policy agency.Li, director of the National Population and Family Planning Commission, released these estimates Saturday during a speech at the annual conference of the China Population Association in Nanjing, capital city of east China's Jiangsu Province.The urban population is projected to be over 700 million over the next five years, for the first time exceeding the rural population, according to Li.She said the increase in the next five years would be based upon the nation's population momentum, which, according to her, would begin to decline after 2015.Population momentum is the tendency of a highly fertile population that has been rapidly increasing in size to continue to do so for decades after the onset of even a substantial decline in fertility.Chinese government statistics show China's population stood at 1.32 billion at the end of 2008, which was about 2.5 times the number in 1949 when the People's Republic of China was founded.To put a hold on the fast growth, the Chinese government adopted a one-child policy in the late 1970s. The policy had helped China's total population increase less than 40 percent between 1978 and 2008, whereas it nearly doubled between 1949 and 1978.However, during the next five years the development of China's population is expected to go through major transitional changes, Li said.China's first boom in its aging population is expected in the next five years, with roughly an average of eight million people turning 60 each year, 3.2 million more than occurred between 2006 and 2010, she said.In the coming five years, the ratio of the population aged 15 to 59 would peak and then slowly fall, whereas the population dependency ratio, a measure of the proportion of the population too young or too old to work, would rise for the first time after over 40 years of decreasing.In general, China would still retain the advantage of a plentiful labor supply and a relatively low population dependency ratio, she said.

BEIJING, June 19 (Xinhua) -- The People's Bank of China, China's central bank, has decided to proceed further with the reform of the Renminbi exchange rate regime to enhance the RMB exchange rate flexibility, a spokesperson of the central bank said Saturday.The decision was made in view of the recent economic situation and financial market developments at home and abroad, and the balance of payments (BOP) situation in China, the spokesperson said in a statement.In further proceeding with the reform, continued emphasis would be placed to reflecting market supply and demand with reference to a basket of currencies. The exchange rate floating bands will remain the same as previously announced in the inter-bank foreign exchange market, the spokesman said.The spokesperson said China's external trade is becoming more balanced. The ratio of current account surplus to GDP, after a notable reduction in 2009, has been declining since the beginning of 2010."With the BOP account moving closer to equilibrium, the basis for large-scale appreciation of the RMB exchange rate does not exist," the spokesperson said.The PBOC will further enable market to play a fundamental role in resource allocation, promote a more balanced BOP account, maintain the RMB exchange rate basically stable at an adaptive and equilibrium level, and achieve the macroeconomic and financial stability in China, the spokesperson said.China has moved into a managed floating exchange rate regime based on market supply and demand with reference of a basket of currencies since July 1, 2005.The spokesperson said the reform of the RMB exchange rate regime has been making steady progress since 2005, producing the anticipated results and playing a positive role.With the current round of international financial crisis was at its worst, the exchange rate of a number of sovereign currencies to the U.S. dollar depreciated by varying margins."The stability of the RMB exchange rate has played an important role in mitigating the crisis' impact, contributing significantly to Asian and global recovery, and demonstrating China's efforts in promoting global rebalancing," the spokesperson said.The gradual recovery of the global economy and upturn of the Chinese economy has become more solid with enhanced economic stability. It is desirable to proceed further with reform of the RMB exchange rate regime and increase the RMB exchange rate flexibility, said the spokesperson.

BEIJING, July 12 (Xinhua) -- The central parity rate of the yuan, China's currency Renminbi (RMB), stood at 6.7718 per U.S. dollar Monday, a new record high, according to the data released by the China Foreign Exchange Trading System.China's central bank announced on June 19 that it would further the reform of the formation mechanism of the yuan exchange rate to improve its flexibility.

BEIJING, July 15 (Xinhua) -- At least 135 people had been confirmed dead and 41 are missing, as some of the worst flooding in years continues in south China.By 4 p.m. Thursday, close to 35.5 million people in 10 southern provinces and Chongqing Municipality had been affected by continuous rainstorms and floods since July 1, the Civil Affairs Ministry said in a notice on its website.About 113,000 homes were destroyed and more than 1.2 million people had been relocated, it said.Direct economic losses were estimated at about 26 billion yuan (3.8 billion U.S. dollars), up from Wednesday's 22.2 billion yuan.In Jiangxi Province alone, at least eight people have died since July 8, and direct economic losses have amounted to more than 2.9 billion yuan.The ministry had dispatched work groups to Jiangxi to direct relief work.The Office of State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters announced earlier Thursday that floods had killed 594 people in 26 provinces since the beginning of the year. Another 212 people were missing.Direct economic losses cause by the floods totaled 120.2 billion yuan, the office said, adding that 97.5 million people and 6.16 million hectares of farmland were affected.In Hubei Province, continuous downpours and rain-triggered floods since July 3 have left 32 people dead and two missing.Heavy rainfall has raised water levels in many rivers in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River, China's longest, and a new round of rainstorm is expected to pelt the river course soon, bringing possibility of serious floods.The river's Three Gorges Dam raised the speed of water discharge Thursday afternoon to save space for the upcoming gushing flooding waters.

BEIJING, June 18 (Xinhua) -- China's central bank said Friday more flexibility would be allowed to guide money policies based upon changing circumstances if inflationary pressures increase during the economic recovery along with rising market confidence.The risk of higher prices may grow stronger given that liquidity remains loose throughout the world and China has experienced much faster credit growth earlier, according to the Annual Report 2009 issued Friday by the central bank, the People's Bank of China (PBOC).China's financial institutions lent a record 9.6 trillion yuan (1.4 trillion U.S. dollars) in new yuan-denominated loans last year, almost double that of the previous year, to spur the economy during the ongoing global downturn, but it was accompanied by soaring property prices and rising expectations of possible inflation.China has targeted a total of 7.5 trillion yuan in new loans for 2010.But prices were still very likely to remain stable as China's grain harvest has been substantial for a number of years, and manufacturers of consumer goods have been seeing rising productivity, which ensured supply, the central bank said.China's Consumer Price Index, a main gauge of inflation, rose 3.1 percent in May, exceeding the government target to keep the nation's inflation rate under 3 percent for 2010.National Bureau of Statistics spokesman Sheng Laiyun earlier said the higher inflation in May was due to a low comparison basis from the same period last year, and inflationary pressure was easing given that China had the basics for keeping prices under control.However, the nation needed to safeguard the supply of sufficient agricultural products and curb soaring housing prices in some cities to manage inflationary expectations, according to the report.Relatively relaxed monetary policy to remainThe central bank report said China would maintain its moderately relaxed monetary policy in 2010, projecting for this year a 17 percent increase in broad money supply (M2), which covers cash in circulation and all deposits.Central bank vice governor Su Ning earlier said a 17 percent year on year increase in China's broad money supply, and a targeted 7.5 trillion yuan in new loans for this year, indicated a relatively relaxed monetary policy.Additionally, China's M2 had increased 21 percent year on year to 66.34 trillion yuan by the end of May, according to PBOC data.The central bank said in the report it would work to control the pace of credit growth, maintain the balance of credit, and avoid apparent fluctuations.The central bank also said a differentiated credit policy should be carried out to optimize the nation's credit structure.Specifically, more credit support should be made available for agriculture and small and medium-sized companies, which traditionally face difficulties in obtaining financing.Favorable credit policies should also be implemented to support underdeveloped sectors, employment, strategically important industries such as new energies, new materials, and energy savings, while strict credit controls should be imposed upon energy-consuming and pollutingindustries and those with overcapacities, according to the report.Steady Progress of RMB Exchange Rate ReformThe PBOC said China was to steadily continue market reforms of exchange rates and improve the RMB (Chinese currency) exchange rate formation mechanism.Further, principles of independent decision-making, controllability and graduality should be enacted in improving the mechanism, according to the report.The central bank would also work to make trade and investment moreconvenient by promoting the yuan settlement in cross-border trade.China previously signed a number of bilateral currency swap agreements with countries such as the Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Belarus, and Indonesia.

来源：资阳报