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Californians have voted to carve out specific gig workers from a state employment law about who is considered an employee and eligible for benefits.That means people who drive for Uber and Lyft will remain classified as independent contractors and will not be eligible for employee benefits.A California Supreme Court decision in 2018 created a strict test to decide whether a self-employed worker, like gig workers, should be considered employees.In response to the ruling, lawmakers amended Assembly Bill 5 in 2019 to add additional professions where services could be provided by independent contractors, and would not necessarily be employees. However, no changes were made for app-based companies like Lyft, Uber and DoorDash.The state law made app-based drivers employees, and would pay them for their time both while they are driving and they are waiting for a new ride, and offer employee benefits like paid sick leave and workers compensation for one-the-job injuries, the Los Angeles Times explains.Since the proposition has passed, drivers will remain categorized as independent contractors, although the proposition includes wording to require companies to provide an hourly wage for time spent driving equal to 120% of minimum wage. The language also gives drivers a stipend for purchasing health insurance coverage when their driving time averages at least 15 hours a week. However, only hours spent driving counts toward that total, not the time spent waiting between trips.Proposition 22 was launched and partially funded by Lyft and Uber. Nearly 0 million was spent on the campaign for this proposition alone. 1637

CARMEL, Indiana — The family of a Carmel High School student who took his own life after getting in trouble at school has filed a lawsuit against the school district.Patrick McCalley got in trouble for a Snapchat message, showing a noose around the neck of an African-American schoolmate. McCalley died by suicide after the school had him sign an affidavit over the incident without his parents being notified.His parents are now suing the Carmel-Clay School District for negligence and for violations of due process of the Fourth Amendment's ban on unreasonable searches. 610

CHICAGO, Ill. -- As coronavirus cases continue to spike, some states are reinstating restrictions on indoor dining. Restaurants already reeling with huge financial strains are trying to find innovative solutions to keep their doors open. Some are thinking outside the box and into a bubble.“What you're seeing in Washington D.C. and Chicago and elsewhere are local mayors trying to incentivize and help restaurants winterize their outdoor spaces and really doing whatever they can to encourage outdoor dining,” said Mike Whatley, vice president of state and local affairs for the National Restaurant Association.But with indoor dining shut down in many places across the country, geodesic domes or igloos, tents and mini greenhouses are popping up to help keep diners warm and safe.The National Restaurant Association says a recent survey indicates 49% of full-service restaurant operators say they are taking actions like installing tents or patio heaters to extend their outdoor dining season.Restaurant owner Sophie Huterstein and her staff built 14 4x6 greenhouses for use outside her restaurant, The Darling.“We’ve been utilizing this system of being able to dine together, apart from the moment we reopened after the initial shutdown, as a genuine intent to protect the guests and our staff,” she said.The idea was inspired by an installation in Amsterdam. Each one can accommodate two to four people and is helping sustain her business while indoor dining is restricted.“You are sitting closely in there, but it is our hope that no one would dine with people that they are not very familiar with,” said Huterstein.Safety experts say this type of seating can keep people safe if there’s frequent cleaning and ventilation.California resident Sarah Moffat dined inside a greenhouse for the first time.“I don't know if we're gonna have a sense of normalcy ever again,” said Moffat. “But to have moments that you can share with friends and your close loved ones in a safe environment is kind of amazing.”The City of Chicago challenged designers from across the country to propose winter dining solutions.Atlanta-based national design firm ASD/Sky created a modular cabin inspired by ice fishing huts that would fit inside the footprint of a parking space. Their goal was to create a reason to stay on-site instead of taking out.“People just want an experience that’s what we're lacking right now,” said ASD Sky Designer Nicole Grillet. “So that was the driver behind creating this idea.”Urban development designers Neil Reindel and Flo Mettetal were inspired by Legos with their "Block Party" concept. The compact, heated two-seater eat-in modules can be deployed and retracted.“Much like how you would previously push tables together, the idea would be that these frames of two could be connected in increments of two and you could have larger or smaller groups based on that,” said Reindel.It’s something they say could be utilized anywhere in the country.“It was really meant to be user friendly and kind of fit the needs of the restaurant wherever it is,” said Mettetal.With 40% of restaurant owners worried about staying in business through February, many are banking on futuristic dine-in concepts to help them brave the uncertain winter ahead. 3260

CHICAGO, Ill. – Born in Mississippi, Syl Johnson rose to prominence as a velvet-voiced pop recording artist and producer in the 1950s and 60s. In recent years, he filed lawsuits against artists like Kanye West and Jay-Z for sampling his work. But it was his potent refrain about systemic racism in America, covered and sampled dozens of times, that continues to resonate today.It wasn’t until a decade into his musical career that the soul singer penned his most powerful single“I wrote it because that type of thing was happening to people and then they killed Dr. King,” said Johnson.It was the 1968 assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. That made him question the dream.The lyrics painfully questioning the black experience: “Looking back over my false dreams, that I once knew… Wondering why my dreams never came true… Is it because I'm Black?”“I didn’t want to write something that was militant,” said Johnson. “I wanted to write something that was truth. It was truth. Is it because I’m Black? It was.”Released in September 1969 “Is It Because I’m Black” struck a nerve.“In this world of no pity… I was raised in the ghetto of the city,” he sang.Call-in requests catapulted it to number 11 on the Billboard Soul Singles Chart in just weeks.Though, the Black concept album failed to find financial success, 50 years later, Johnson is now in his early 80s and seeing the resonance of his lyrics on the streets.“I didn’t know it would last this long,” he said. “But it looks like this song is the topic of the times. The times right now.”The killing of George Floyd, he says, is a response to the question he first posed – “Is it because I'm Black?”It is in the face of renewed examinations of race in America and calls for justice that Johnson is hopeful.“The younger whites and the younger Blacks should make it happen,” he said. “When they join together to make it happen, this world will be a beautiful place.”And one day he hopes the question won’t need to be asked. 1988

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. (AP) — The spacecraft team that brought us close-ups of Pluto will ring in the new year by exploring an even more distant and mysterious world.NASA's New Horizons spacecraft will zip past the scrawny, icy object nicknamed Ultima Thule (TOO-lee) soon after the stroke of midnight.One billion miles beyond Pluto and an astounding 4 billion miles from Earth (1.6 billion kilometers and 6.4 billion kilometers), Ultima Thule will be the farthest world ever explored by humankind. That's what makes this deep-freeze target so enticing; it's a preserved relic dating all the way back to our solar system's origin 4.5 billion years ago. No spacecraft has visited anything so primitive."What could be more exciting than that?" said project scientist Hal Weaver of Johns Hopkins University, part of the New Horizons team.Lead scientist Alan Stern of Southwest Research Institute in Boulder, Colorado, expects the New Year's encounter to be riskier and more difficult than the rendezvous with Pluto: The spacecraft is older, the target is smaller, the flyby is closer and the distance from us is greater.NEW HORIZONSNASA launched the spacecraft in 2006; it's about the size of a baby grand piano. It flew past Pluto in 2015, providing the first close-up views of the dwarf planet. With the wildly successful flyby behind them, mission planners won an extension from NASA and set their sights on a destination deep inside the Kuiper Belt. As distant as it is, Pluto is barely in the Kuiper Belt, the so-called Twilight Zone stretching beyond Neptune. Ultima Thule is in the Twilight Zone's heart.ULTIMA THULEThis Kuiper Belt object was discovered by the Hubble Space Telescope in 2014. Officially known as 2014 MU69, it got the nickname Ultima Thule in an online vote. In classic and medieval literature, Thule was the most distant, northernmost place beyond the known world. When New Horizons first glimpsed the rocky iceball in August it was just a dot. Good close-up pictures should be available the day after the flyby.ARE WE THERE YET?New Horizons will make its closest approach in the wee hours of Jan. 1 — 12:33 a.m. EST. The spacecraft will zoom within 2,200 miles (3,500 kilometers) of Ultima Thule, its seven science instruments going full blast. The coast should be clear: Scientists have yet to find any rings or moons around it that could batter the spacecraft. New Horizons hurtles through space at 31,500 mph (50,700 kph), and even something as minuscule as a grain of rice could demolish it. "There's some danger and some suspense," Stern said at a fall meeting of astronomers. It will take about 10 hours to get confirmation that the spacecraft completed — and survived — the encounter.POSSIBLY TWINSScientists speculate Ultima Thule could be two objects closely orbiting one another. If a solo act, it's likely 20 miles (32 kilometers) long at most. Envision a baked potato. "Cucumber, whatever. Pick your favorite vegetable," said astronomer Carey Lisse of Johns Hopkins. It could even be two bodies connected by a neck. If twins, each could be 9 miles to 12 miles (15 kilometers to 20 kilometers) in diameter.MAPPING MISSONScientists will map Ultima Thule every possible way. They anticipate impact craters, possibly also pits and sinkholes, but its surface also could prove to be smooth. As for color, Ultima Thule should be darker than coal, burned by eons of cosmic rays, with a reddish hue. Nothing is certain, though, including its orbit, so big that it takes almost 300 of our Earth years to circle the sun. Scientists say they know just enough about the orbit to intercept it.COMPARING FLYBYSNew Horizons will get considerably closer to Ultima Thule than it did to Pluto: 2,220 miles versus 7,770 miles (3,500 kilometers vs. 12,500 kilometers). At the same time, Ultima Thule is 100 times smaller than Pluto and therefore harder to track, making everything more challenging. It took 4 ? hours, each way, for flight controllers at Johns Hopkins' Applied Physics Lab in Laurel, Maryland, to get a message to or from New Horizons at Pluto. Compare that with more than six hours at Ultima Thule.WHAT'S NEXTIt will take almost two years for New Horizons to beam back all its data on Ultima Thule. A flyby of an even more distant world could be in the offing in the 2020s, if NASA approves another mission extension and the spacecraft remains healthy. At the very least, the nuclear-powered New Horizons will continue to observe objects from afar, as it pushes deeper into the Kuiper Belt. There are countless objects out there, waiting to be explored. 4591

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