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CANBERRA, March 23 (Xinhua) -- Up to 45 native species in Western Australia's Kimberley region will die out within 20 years if no action is taken, latest study showed on Wednesday.The Priority Threat Management to Protect Kimberley Wildlife report, released by Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) on Wednesday, was commissioned by the Wilderness Society.The report showed that at present, 20.2 million U.S. dollars a year is spent on conservation efforts in the Kimberley, which is home to an assortment of threatened species.However, the report said even if that money was spent properly, the region would still lose some 31 native animals.The numbers of many more birds, reptiles and mammals, such as the Spotted Tree Monitor and the Western Chestnut Mouse, would dwindle.It called for an immediate cash injection of 96 million U.S. dollars to save creatures like the Golden Bandicoot, the Scaly- Tailed Possum and the Monjon Rock Wallaby from extinction.It will follow by an ongoing investment of 40.43 million U.S. dollars annually in the Kimberley to protect its species, as well as boost plant life, help the climate and conserve indigenous land."This investment is great value," one of the report's six co- authors Hugh Possingham said in a statement released on Wednesday."We can save some of Australia's most iconic mammals and birds at a cost of only about one million U.S. dollars per species per year."

BEIJING, May 14 (Xinhua) -- From 24-hour complaint hotlines to instant additive detectors, local governments in China are striving to battle the illegal use of food additives following a string of food scandals.According to a statement released Saturday by the office of the food safety commission under the State Council, China's Cabinet, governments in Beijing, Shanghai, Zhejiang and Guangdong have incorporated the local food safety situation into the evaluation of officials' work, while ordering strengthened and coordinated food safety supervision at city and county levels.Many provinces and autonomous regions are distributing educational information through local media to promote, among the local population, the awareness of food safety and the harm of banned food additives, stressing severe punishment in the hope of intimidating potential violators.Certified food additives are displayed on shelves at a store that sells food additives in Beijing, capital of China, April 22, 2011.Law enforcement departments in Chongqing, Guangdong, Liaoning and Hunan have punished violators involved in a series of food scandals which included "poisonous bean sprouts," "inked vermicelli" and "dyed peppers," according to the statement.The document did not provide details on these cases.Meanwhile, governments are figuring out new measures to stem food violations.For instance, the provincial government of northeastern Jilin has set up round-the-clock hotlines for food safety complaints and recruited 1,300 voluntary food safety supervisors who go deep into communities for clues on potential food scandals.Supervisors in southern Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were equipped with additive detecting devices, which are reportedly able to check 27 kinds of illegal food additives "quickly and correctly," including melamine and clenbuterol, a kind of fat-burning drug used by violators to feed pigs to prevent them from accumulating fat.The municipal government of Beijing stipulates that companies found to have committed food violations in the past would be limited in investing in the municipality, while principals responsible for the wrongdoings will be banned from food manufacturing and distribution businesses.Beijing also requires restaurants to inform customers of all food additives contained in their self-made beverages and food sauces by posting the lists in menus or other public places. The lists should also be reported to supervisory departments.According to the statement, the Ministry of Agriculture has sent five teams to various regions, including Hebei, Jilin and Heilongjiang to inspect local food safety conditions.Vice Premier Li Keqiang warned last month of the great harm caused by illegal additives in food during a high-profile national meeting, promising a "firm attitude, iron-handed measures and more efforts" in dealing with the problem."Once such a case surfaces, it has an extensive social impact and easily causes a ripple effect, so we must attach great importance to it," Li said, adding that severe penalties must be imposed on violators to "let the violators pay dearly" and send a message to others.A high-profile, nationwide fight against the illegal use of additives in food was then launched to intensify supervision, upgrade safety standards and greatly increase penalties for violators.The moves came following a series of scandals including steamed buns dyed with unidentified chemicals, as well as the use of illegal cooking oil, known as "gutter oil."In one of the latest cases, police detained 96 people for producing, selling or using meat additives and confiscated over 400 kg of clenbuterol, widely known in the country as "lean meat powder," in central Henan Province.The action followed a scandal revealed in March when the country's largest meat processor, Shuanghui Group, was forced to issue a public apology for its clenbuterol-tainted pork products.

WASHINGTON, March 4 (Xinhua) -- New data suggest that the epilepsy drug Topamax (topiramate) and its generic versions increase the risk for the birth defects cleft lip and cleft palate in babies born to women who use the medication during pregnancy, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) said Friday in a statement.Before prescribing topiramate, approved to treat certain types of seizures in people who have epilepsy, health care professionals should warn patients of childbearing age about the potential hazard to the fetus if a woman becomes pregnant while using the drug, the FDA said.Topiramate also is approved to prevent migraine headaches, but not to relieve the pain of migraines."Health care professionals should carefully consider the benefits and risks of topiramate when prescribing it to women of childbearing age," said Russell Katz, director of the Division of Neurology Products in the FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. "Alternative medications that have a lower risk of birth defects should be considered."Cleft lip and cleft palate, collectively called oral clefts, are birth defects that occur when parts of the lip or palate do not completely fuse together early in the first trimester of pregnancy, a time when many women do not know they are pregnant.The defects range from a small notch in the lip to a groove that runs into the roof of the mouth and nose, possibly leading to problems with eating, talking, and to ear infections. Surgery often is performed to close the lip and palate and most children do well after treatment.Data from the North American Antiepileptic Drug (AED) Pregnancy Registry indicate an increased risk of oral clefts in infants exposed to topiramate during the first trimester of pregnancy. Infants exposed to topiramate as a single therapy experienced a 1.4 percent prevalence of oral clefts, compared with a prevalence of 0.38 percent - 0.55 percent in infants exposed to other antiepileptic drugs.Infants of mothers who did not have epilepsy and were not being treated with other antiepileptic drugs had a prevalence of 0.07 percent. Similar data from the United Kingdom Epilepsy and Pregnancy Register supported the North American AED Pregnancy Registry data.According to the FDA, before starting topiramate, pregnant women and women of childbearing potential should discuss other treatment options with their health care professional.

LOS ANGELES, March 7 (Xinhua) -- U.S. food producer Unilever said on Monday it is recalling two varieties of its Skippy peanut butter because some jars may be contaminated with salmonella.The recall affects jars distributed to retailers in 16 states -- Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, Virginia and Wisconsin, the company said.But the company said no illnesses have been linked to the contaminated Skippy peanut butter.The 16.3-ounce jars are marked with UPC codes 048001006812 and 048001006782 and have Best-If-Used-By Dates of MAY1612LR1, MAY1712LR1, MAY1812LR1, MAY1912LR1, MAY2012LR1 and MAY2112LR1.Unilever advised consumers in a press release to throw away any jars of the recalled peanut butter and to contact the company for a replacement coupon.Salmonella is an organism which can cause serious and sometimes fatal infections in young children, frail or elderly people, and others with weakened immune systems. The most common symptoms are diarrhea, abdominal cramps and fever within eight hours to 72 hours of eating a contaminated product.About 40,000 cases of salmonella are reported each year in the United States, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

BEIJING, March 11 (Xinhuanet) --Women who have a cup or more of coffee everyday may reduce their risk of stroke by as much as 25 percent, according to a new study in the Journal Stroke Thursday. This study, led by Swedish researcher Susanna Larsson of the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, followed more than 34,000 Swedish women aged 49 to 83 who were free of heart disease. After 10-year of follow-up, there were 1,680 strokes, and the study found that those who drank at least one cup of coffee each day had a 22 to 25 percent lowered risk of stroke, compared with women who drank less.The study further suggested coffee can help prevent cognitive decline and can boost vision and heart health. It is also related to a reduced risk of liver cancer."We used to worry that (coffee) raises blood pressure and causes increased heart rate, but it appears to be less risky than we thought," said physician Claudette Brooks, spokesperson for the American Stroke Association. Now, exactly what it is about coffee that may lower stroke risk is unknown. But the researchers speculated that coffee might reduce inflammation, lower oxidative stress and help make the body more responsive to insulin.However, some experts kept skeptical about the real impact coffee would have on reducing the incidence of stroke."The problem with this type of study is that there are too many factors unaccounted for and association does not prove causality," Dr Larry B. Goldstein, director of the Duke Stroke Center at Duke University Medical Center said."Subjects were asked about their past coffee consumption in a questionnaire and then followed over time. There is no way to know if they changed their behavior," Goldstein added.In any case, the good news for coffee junkies is that at least drinking coffee don't increase women's risk of stroke.

来源：资阳报