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Support is growing for early voting, but there's still a lot of distrust for voting by mail.Just over 3 in 10 people say they're very confident their vote will be counted accurately if they vote by mail. Nearly 7 in 10 say the same thing about voting in person on Election Day. That's according to a new poll from the University of Maryland and The Washington Post.There's a big racial disparity in perceptions about election integrity. About 71% of Black Americans in the poll say it’s easier for white Americans to vote, while only 34% of white Americans believe that's the case.“There's a historic trend of distrust in government amongst racial and ethnic minorities,” said Jonathan Collins, education and political science assistant professor at Brown University. “And instances like this during the need to transition to mail-in voting. This is where that distrust really kind of rears its head.Collins studies ethnic minority political behavior. He says campaigns from state attorneys would be helpful to reassure people their mail-in ballots will be counted properly.The U.S. Postal Service is trying to educate people on its role in the mail-in voting process with TV ads. It says the nonpartisan campaign neither encourages nor discourages mail-in voting. Collins expects a lot of African Americans are still going to prefer in-person voting.“There is this sense of pride that you get from showing up to your precinct, to your polling station on Election Day and in-person casing your vote. There's a pride of wearing the 'I voted' sticker around for your friends and our family and your coworkers to see. How do we replicate that feeling of pride?”About 6 in 10 registered voters nationwide say they want to cast their ballot before Election Day. Compare that to 2016, when about 4 in 10 people cast ballots early.For mail-in voters worried about their vote not counting, many states allow residents to track their ballot. NBC News reports that all states allow this, except for the following: Connecticut, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Maine, Mississippi, Missouri, New Mexico, and New York.Also, many states allow mail-in voters to submit their ballots at designation drop-off boxes, if they don't want to trust the USPS.Click here for tips from the USPS on voting by mail. 2290

Swishing with mouthwash can help freshen that mask breath, and, new research suggests, reduce the amount of coronavirus in the mouth and may help reduce the spread of the virus.Physicians and scientists at the Penn State College of Medicine studied the effect of rinsing with a neti pot, peroxide sore-mouth cleansers, mouthwashes and a 1 percent solution of baby shampoo, which is often used by head and neck doctors to rinse the sinuses. All of the products are currently available to consumers, many over-the-counter.They found several of the nasal and oral rinses had “a strong ability to neutralize human coronavirus, which suggests that these products may have the potential to reduce the amount of virus spread by people who are COVID-19 positive,” the college said in a written statement.Researchers used human coronaviruses that are similar to SARS-CoV-2, the coronavirus strain that causes COVID-19. The “outer envelopes of the human coronavirus tested and SARS-CoV-2 are genetically similar,” the researchers stated.“While we wait for a vaccine to be developed, methods to reduce transmission are needed,” said Craig Meyers, the professor who led the study. “The products we tested are readily available and often already part of people’s daily routines.”The study looked at the effectiveness of the various products when they interact with a solution containing a strain of human coronavirus at intervals of 30 seconds, one minute and two minutes.The 1 percent baby shampoo solution inactivated more than 99.9 percent of the human coronavirus after being in contact for two minutes. The mouthwash and gargle products were also 99.9 percent effective in inactivating the human coronavirus, but after only 30 seconds of contact.The findings from Penn State College of Medicine add to findings earlier this year that showed certain types of oral rinses could inactivate SARS-CoV-2.Meyers said the next step in this line of research is to evaluate products like mouthwashes in COVID-19 positive patients to see if they reduce the viral load.The study’s results were published this week in the Journal of Medical Virology. 2137

The 2016 election was psychologically traumatic for some, according to a new study published in the Journal of American College Health. It found that 1 out of 4 students surveyed experienced clinically significant event-related distress short term.Researchers from San Francisco State University, University of California, San Francisco and Arizona State University assessed a diverse group of nearly 800 undergraduates at Arizona State two to three months after the election.A key battleground, Arizona got a lot of political attention. Ultimately, Trump won Arizona by a narrow margin, earning 48.7% of the vote.The survey students filled out asked questions to determine the emotional effect of the event the election. It asked about the impact the election had on close relationships and assessed clinical symptoms of distress and subclinical impacts, meaning emotions that don't present definitive, more readily observable symptoms.Symptoms included "avoidance," a clinical term used to describe how someone deliberately stays away from whatever is causing them trauma, and "intrusion," a clinical term meaning the inability to keep memories of the source of their trauma from returning. The researchers also looked to see if demographics made a difference.Most of those surveyed, 65%, said the election had no impact on their close relationships. About 24% reported a slight or very negative impact and a little more than 10% reported a positive impact.If the election did have a negative emotional impact, avoidance was more common than intrusion among these students. One-fourth of participants showed clinically significant avoidance and intrusion symptoms in response to the election. Women, Democrats, people who did not identify as Christian and sexual minorities reported significantly more event-related distress, the study found.The students surveyed came from diverse backgrounds and held a mix of political opinions. Of the group, 18.5% reported that they were satisfied with the result of the election, 25% said they were somewhat satisfied, 19.2% said they were somewhat dissatisfied, and 37.2% said they were completely dissatisfied. Thirty-nine percent also reported that they were "considerably or extremely" upset by the election, 28.5% were not at all upset, the rest fell somewhere between.The study had limitations. The survey did not look at conditions long term. It couldn't rule out other stressors. It only looked at this one election and did not evaluate how students reacted in other years.Other studies looking at the 2016 election have found similar results. A study released in June that surveyed nearly 300 students two days before the 2016 election, on election night, and two days after, found that students who were concerned about Trump's ability to govern and those who were a part of the "non-dominant social group," including women and people of color, showed increased signs of stress before and during election night. Biological tests showed some signs of increased stress after the election, although there was a general recovery in mood, according to self-reported results.Lindsay Till Hoyt, who co-authored that study and is not connected with the current work, found this latest research interesting. She was not surprised that students felt increased stress."I think so much of the social media and news about the election really felt personal and aimed at specific groups like Mexican Americans and women," Hoyt, an?assistant professor of psychology at Fordham University,?said.For example, she cites Trump's justification for building a wall between Mexico and the US, saying in a debate "we have some bad hombres here and we're going to get them out." Or when a 2005 "Access Hollywood" tape was released in which Trump talked about how his celebrity status allowed him to behave aggressively with women, saying he could "grab them by the (expletive)" and that he would sometimes "just start kissing them.""Comments like those could hit very close to home, as opposed to arguments about abstract concepts like foreign policy and economic policy, students might not be as well versed in those topics," Hoyt said. "Because there was literal name-calling going on in the election cycle, even with students less politically engaged, that strong language and the harsher crassness of the rhetoric may have had a more broad effect on these students."In another study she and a graduate student are working on, they've noticed that both sides, conservatives and liberals, say they have felt discriminated against during the election, and preliminary results show it has caused them stress that interrupted their sleep."It's not just along ethnic and racial discrimination lines," Hoyt said "Conservatives also feel discrimination is affecting their sleep, it crosses both sides of the political aisle."Another 2018 study looking at how 700 teachers navigated the days after the election with K-12 students, and researchers found stories of such distress. One surveyed teacher remarked "for millions of people, this is real trauma."Beth Sondel,?who co-authored that study of teachers, finds this latest research on college students useful."Many of these young kids that the teachers were talking about in our study weren't privy to the policy being presented in the election, but the rhetoric was so strong it was impacting them," said Sondel, a research assistant professor in the department of instruction and learning at the University of Pittsburgh School of Education.Teachers reported they saw an immediate heightened fear of deportation among students. One teacher reported one of her seventh graders asked her if "Trump can come with a bus and get me?" Another teacher in Nebraska said a high school student who was expecting a baby asked if the teacher would take care of the baby if he was deported. Another teacher reported consoling a second-grade student who told her through tears that she was worried that when she'd get home from school her parents wouldn't be there."In general, I think our results are similar, in that we are finding that even these younger students are internalizing this rhetoric and it is causing stress and trauma," Sondel said. "I think the personal has become really political in this election."The authors hope this latest study will help mental health professionals better counsel college students have. Knowing that an election can cause distress, professionals should ask about it to better target treatment, they said. 6606

Survivors of the 2016 Pulse nightclub shooting are opening old wounds to seek justice as the trial of the gunman's widow opens in Orlando.Jury selection begins Thursday in the federal trial of Noor Salman, who is charged with providing material support to a foreign terrorist organization and obstruction of justice for allegedly misleading law enforcement agents investigating the massacre on June 12, 2016.Salman has pleaded not guilty to all the charges. If convicted, she could face life in prison.Prosecutors believe Salman was aware of her husband's plans and will argue that she could have tipped off authorities to prevent the mass shooting at the gay nightclub, which left 49 people dead and more than 50 others wounded.Salman's attorneys will claim that their client had no prior knowledge about Omar Mateen's plans and that she was a wife enduring her husband's abuse. One of her attorneys has said that Salman suffers post-traumatic stress disorder due to years of physical and mental abuse, CNN affiliate WKMG reported. Selecting a fair jury 1067

Taylor Swift used her acceptance speech for artist of the year at the American Music Awards on Tuesday night to encourage her fans to vote."This award and every single award given out tonight were voted on by the people, and you know what else is voted on by the people?" Swift asked the audience. "It is the midterm elections on November 6. Get out and vote. I love you guys."Swift had announced Sunday on Instagram that she would be voting for Democratic candidatesin her home state of Tennessee in the elections and called on her fans to register and vote. The post has been liked nearly 2 million times.Earlier in the show, comedian Billy Eichner had referenced Swift's post. 692

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