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BEIJING, April 12 (Xinhuanet) -- Doctors may choose riskier treatment with fewer severe side effects for themselves than they'd recommend for their patients, according to a study in the Archives of Internal Medicine Tuesday. In the study, two sets of questions were sent to primary care physicians around the United States. One involved choosing between two types of colon cancer surgery and the other situation involved choosing no treatment for the flu, or choosing a made-up treatment less deadly than the disease but which could cause permanent paralysis. Of 242 physicians who answered the colon cancer questionnaire, 38 percent went with the treatment that carried a higher risk of death but fewer side effects for themselves. By contrast, only a quarter said they would recommend that treatment to their patients.In the flu scenario, 63 percent chose the deadlier option of no treatment for themselves, versus 49 percent recommending it for patients.The findings are important because patients faced with difficult medical decisions often ask their doctors, "What would you do?" The answer reflects the doctors' values -- not necessarily those of the patients.Doctors should know what their patients value most before giving advice, and patients should ask doctors the reasons behind their answers, said study author Dr. Peter Ubel, an internist and behavioral scientist at Duke University.
SAN FRANCISCO, May 3 (Xinhua) -- Apple Inc. announced on Tuesday that it has updated its iMac all-in-one desktop, adding Intel's next generation quad-core processors, Thunderbolt data ports and a new HD camera.Starting at 1,199 U.S. dollars, the new iMac is up to 70 percent faster and its new graphics deliver up to three times the performance of the previous generation, Apple said in a statement.The new iMac features quad-core Intel Core i5 processors with an upgrade option to Core i7 processors.The 21.5-inch model has a single Thunderbolt port while the 27- inch has two, in addition to four USB 2.0 inputs and a FireWire 800 port.Thunderbolt, which debuted with Apple's updated MacBook Pro notebooks in February, is also an Intel design bringing together high-speed data transfer and high-definition display onto a single cable. It can transfer a full-length HD movie in less than 30 seconds with a speed of 10 gigabits per second, which is twice the speed of USB 3.0, 12 times faster than FireWire 800 and up to 20 times faster than USB 2.0.The new iMac also includes a built-in FaceTime HD camera, which supports high-definition video calls, Apple said.

BEIJING, March 15 (Xinhuanet) -- The number of Alzheimer patients is growing rapidly, so is that of unpaid caregivers, says a report released Tuesday by the Alzheimer's Association.Nearly 15 million caregivers, most of them family members but also friends, are providing billions of hours of unpaid care for Alzheimer's patients and other forms of dementia in the U.S. — 37 percent more than last year, the report says.Alzheimer's is the sixth leading cause of death in the nation, and the only one among the top 10 that have no prevention or cure, says William Thies, chief medical and scientific officer of the Alzheimer's Association.However, if people were more aware of early symptoms and were diagnosed sooner, then planning could help ease stress on patients and caregivers, according to Beth Kallmyer, senior director of constituent services of Alzheimer's Association."The toll on families is devastating," says Kallmyer, "Stress is extremely high, and one-third are experiencing depression."The time and stress of caring for an Alzheimer’s patient takes a physical toll, translating into nearly 8 billion dollars worth of extra health care costs for caregivers, the report says.
WASHINGTON, May 17 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) announced Tuesday that the international Aquarius/SAC-D observatory will be launched on June 9, to study interactions between ocean circulation, the water cycle and climate by measuring ocean surface salinity.Engineers at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California are performing final tests before mating the satellite to its Delta II rocket. The mission is a collaboration between NASA and Argentina' s space agency, with participation from Brazil, Canada, France and Italy.In addition to Aquarius, the primary instrument, the observatory carries seven other instruments that will collect environmental data for a wide range of applications, including studies of natural hazards, air quality, land processes and epidemiology.The mission will make NASA's first space observations of the concentration of dissolved salt at the ocean surface. Aquarius' observations will reveal how salinity variations influence ocean circulation, trace the path of freshwater around our planet, and help drive Earth's climate. The ocean surface constantly exchanges water and heat with Earth's atmosphere. Approximately 80 percent of the global water cycle that moves freshwater from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean happens over the ocean.Salinity plays a key role in these exchanges. By tracking changes in ocean surface salinity, Aquarius will monitor variations in the water cycle caused by evaporation and precipitation over the ocean, river runoff, the freezing and melting of sea ice. Salinity also makes seawater denser, causing it to sink, where it becomes part of deep, interconnected ocean currents. This deep ocean "conveyor belt" moves water masses and heat from the tropics to the polar regions, helping to regulate Earth's climate."Salinity is the glue that bonds two major components of Earth' s complex climate system: ocean circulation and the global water cycle," said Aquarius Principal Investigator Gary Lagerloef of Earth & Space Research in Seattle in a statement. "Aquarius will map global variations in salinity in unprecedented detail, leading to new discoveries that will improve our ability to predict future climate."Aquarius will measure salinity by sensing microwave emissions from the water's surface with a radiometer instrument. These emissions can be used to indicate the saltiness of the surface water, after accounting for other environmental factors. Salinity levels in the open ocean vary by only about five parts per thousand, and small changes are important. Aquarius uses advanced technologies to detect changes in salinity as small as about two parts per 10,000, equivalent to a pinch (about one-eighth of a teaspoon) of salt in a gallon of water.Aquarius will map the entire open ocean every seven days for at least three years from 408 miles (657 kilometers) above Earth. Its measurements will produce monthly estimates of ocean surface salinity with a spatial resolution of 93 miles (150 kilometers). The data will reveal how salinity changes over time and from one part of the ocean to another.
UNITED NATIONS, April 1 (Xinhua) -- UN Secretary-General Ban Ki- moon on Friday called for greater public awareness of autism, in order to fight the stigma and discrimination facing those who suffer from the disorder.The statement came in a message to mark the annual World Autism Awareness Day, observed globally on April 2."Children and persons with autistic conditions face major challenges associated with stigma and discrimination, as well as a lack of access to support," said Ban."Far too many suffer terrible discrimination, abuse and isolation, in violation of their fundamental human rights," he added.Autism is a disorder that affects the brain's development of social and communication skills, and generally appears in the first three years of life."The number of children and people with autistic conditions continues to rise -- in every nation and in every racial, ethnic and social group," the secretary-general said.Ban said it is critical to support parents of children with the disorder and "create jobs for individuals with autism based on their skills and strengths, and improve public education to better meet the needs of students with autism."
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