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CANBERRA, Sept. 6 (Xinhua) -- A rare virus that can be contracted by humans has killed a large number of Victorian pigeons after being detected in the Australian state for the first time, Agriculture Department confirmed on Tuesday.According to the Australian Chief Veterinary Officer, Dr Mark Schipp, the avian paramyxo virus has already started killing some hobby birds, and threatens to spread to Victoria's chicken population.He said the affected birds have died suddenly in large numbers and have sometimes appeared tired or have shown neurological signs such as circling or head flicking before death.He added that the bug can also cause conjunctivitis or influenza-like symptoms in humans."The virus causes only mild, short-term conjunctivitis or influenza-like symptoms (in humans)," Australia Associated Press quoted Schipp as reporting on Tuesday."Human infection with this virus is extremely rare and usually occurs only in people who have close direct contact with infected birds."At this stage, there are no reports of the virus causing disease in wild birds, but the Australian Wildlife Health Network has been asked to monitor the situation.

BEIJING, Aug. 16 (Xinhuanet) -- Almost one in four Chinese students aged between 12 and 14 have tried smoking, according to the results of a survey released by the Chinese Association on Tobacco Control (CATC).The survey, carried out among 38,839 students and 6,503 teachers from middle and high schools in 11 provinces across the country between May and June, showed that 22.5 percent of students aged between 12 and 14 had tried smoking and that 15.8 percent of middle and high school students smoke regularly."There are definitely quite a number of boy students in my class who smoke regularly as some have been found smoking outside campus during lunch break," said Li Xiaolan, an English teacher from a high school in Shanghai. The survey also found that 39 percent of students took their first cigarette from their classmates."It was quite common to smoke with my classmates at school and we usually smoked in toilets or in corners of the playground after lunch," said Zhou Guangrong, a 22-year-old university student from Guiyang, Guizhou province, who started smoking when he was 12.The majority of student smokers buy cigarettes themselves and about 76 percent of the adolescent smokers said that there is at least one cigarette shop within 200 meters from their school."When I was a student at middle and high schools, they were surrounded by cigarette shops," said Zhou who used to smoke two cigarettes per day in primary school and two packs per week in middle and high school."We're keen to show that more adolescents are starting smoking much younger than before, and that we need to minimize the number of young smokers," said Duan Jiali, secretary-general of the youth tobacco control commission under CATC. Duan added that teachers and parents should set a good example for teenagers by not smoking in front of them at school or at home, which is the most influential way of stopping adolescents from smoking.China banned smoking in 16 types of public indoor venues - including hospitals, schools, bars, restaurants and hotels - on May 1 in an attempt to curb tobacco use in the country with the world's largest number of smokers.Currently, there are more than 300 million smokers in China, and about 1.2 million people die from smoking-related diseases every year, accounting for one-fifth of the world's total, according to statistics from the World Health Organization."Meanwhile, about 540 million people are exposed to secondhand smoke, 48.9 percent of which are adolescents (from 15 to 19 years old)," said Xu Guihua, deputy director of the CATC."It's essential and urgent for us to control the number of adult smokers who potentially tempt adolescents to smoke."

BERLIN, June 14 (Xinhua) -- A two-year-old boy became the first child to be killed by the deadly E. coli in Germany on Tuesday, officials said.To date, the terrifying EHEC infection has claimed 36 lives in Germany and one in Sweden.The child, from the northern town of Celle, died in hospital in Hanover of kidney failure and abnormal breakdown of red blood cells, two extreme symptoms of the infection with enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), authorities in the state of Lower Saxony said.The boy became the youngest known fatal victim since the outbreak of E. coli in May. His father and 10-year-old brother were also infected with the deadly bacteria, but are recovering, doctors told a local newspaper.The Robert Koch Institute, Germany's national disease prevention and control agency, said on Tuesday that a total of 3, 235 cases had been reported in the country. Among them, 782 people are suffering from haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS), a life- threatening illness arising from E. coli, which would destroy human kidney and nervous system.The institute added that the number of new infections is declining sharply in recent days, with only seven reported on Tuesday.German authorities announced on Friday that bean sprouts from a farm in northern Germany were one source of the outbreak, and dropped the previous warning against eating raw cucumbers, tomatoes and lettuce. However, the food panic has caused losses worth hundreds of millions of dollars for European farmers.

LOS ANGELES, June 4 (Xinhua) -- Pregnant women who eat high-fat diet may be more likely to have a higher rate of stillbirth, a new study suggests.Researchers at Oregon Health & Science University (OHSH) came to the conclusion after observing 24 pregnant Japanese macaques that ate either a diet comprising 32 percent calories from fat or a control diet with 14 percent fat calories for at least four years.The researchers found the monkeys that ate a high-fat diet experienced a significant decrease in blood flow from the uterus to the placenta, a reduction of 38 percent to 56 percent, and a rise in placental inflammation.This was the case regardless of whether the monkeys were obese or slender. The risk of stillbirth was further compounded, however, when the monkeys were obese with hyper-insulinemia, or pre-diabetes.A large order of McDonald's french fries are shown May 22, 2008. McDonald's has switched to cooking oils free of trans fats in all of its restaurants in the United States and Canada, Chief Executive Jim Skinner said on may 23Eating a high-fat diet decreases blood flow from the mother to the placenta, the temporary organ that nourishes the unborn fetus, thus raising the risk of stillbirth, the researchers explained.Because the placental structure of the Japanese macaque is very similar to that in humans, cause and effect can be better established, the researchers said.Additional studies are needed to determine exactly how a high- fat diet decreases placental blood flow, the researchers noted.This is the first study to explain exactly how a fatty diet contributes to stillbirth, the researchers said in the study appearing in the June edition of the journal Endocrinology.The researchers hope their work will inform expectant moms and their physicians about the inherent dangers of a high-calorie, high- fat diet."This study demonstrates that maternal diet during pregnancy has a profound influence on both placental and fetal development," said Antonio Frias, M.D., principal investigator and assistant professor of obstetrics and gynecology (perinatology/maternal-fetal medicine) in the OHSU School of Medicine."The high-calorie, high-fat diet common in our society has negative effects on placental function and may be a significant contributor to adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as stillbirth."Previous studies have shown that nearly all adverse outcomes during pregnancy -- abnormal fetal growth, preeclampsia, preterm labor and stillbirth -- are in some way associated with an abnormally developed, or damaged, placenta, the temporary organ that nourishes the unborn fetus.In addition, maternal obesity has been associated with placental inflammation and dysfunction and an increased risk of stillbirth.Taking these findings into account, the researchers hypothesized that eating a diet high in fat during pregnancy also may increase the risk of placental inflammation and the risk of stillbirth.The researchers said they plan to conduct further studies on the impact of dietary changes and diet supplementation on improving outcomes in both monkeys and humans.

WARSAW, June 2 (Xinhua) -- A possible second E. coli infection patient has been hospitalized in Szczecin, northwestern Poland, Health Minister Ewa Kopacz said Thursday.The man, who recently returned to Poland from Germany, has been diagnosed with exudative diarrhea and is currently being tested for E. coli bacteria.Poland's first E. coli case, a 29-year-old woman permanently residing in Germany and diagnosed with the bacteria over a week ago, is currently in the same hospital.Kopacz said sanitary teams were running E. coli checks countrywide, especially on marketplaces and in warehouses.The E. coli epidemic originated in Germany, where it has taken 17 lives. One death has so far occurred in Sweden, bringing the total death toll to 18.