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BEIJING, Oct. 29 (Xinhua) -- Equality has become a catchphrase when Chinese lawmakers mull over two major moves in the history of China's legislative progress. Chinese rural and urban people are about to get equal representation in lawmaking bodies. It means farmers will have the same say in the country's decision-making process as urbanites. At the five-day legislative session beginning Tuesday, members of national legislature discussed to give rural and urban people equal representation in people's congresses. A draft amendment to the Electoral Law was tabled at the bimonthly meeting of the National People's Congress (NPC) Standing Committee. It requires that both rural and urban areas adopt the same ratio of deputies to the people's congresses. The electoral system is the foot stone of democracy, and the principle of equality is a prerequisite to guarantee people's democratic rights. The Electoral Law was enacted in 1953 and completely revised in1979. It then underwent four minor amendments. Senior people are still nostalgic about the bean-counting way of electing their representatives in villages, which was the country's primitive mode of democracy after New China was founded in 1949. Candidates who stood for election as deputies to a people's congress were elected if they received more than half of the beans. Later voters began to use ballots. After the last amendment in 1995, the law stipulates that each rural deputy represents a population four times that in urban areas. That means in China, every 960,000 rural residents and every 240,000 urbanites are represented by one rural and urban NPC deputy respectively. Critics say this can be interpreted as "farmers only enjoy a quarter of the suffrage of their urban counterparts." During previous amendments in the 1980s, the difference was even as great as eight times. But Li Shishi, director of the Commission for Legislative Affairs of the NPC Standing Committee, said such a provision is "in accordance with the country's political system and social conditions of that time" and is "completely necessary" as the rural population is much more than that of cities and an equal ratio of rural and urban representation will mean an excessive number of rural deputies. Rural population made up almost 90 percent of the country's total in 1949. With the process of urbanization, the ratio of urban and rural residents was about 45.7 to 54.3 last year. Li said that with rapid urbanization and rural economic development, the time is right for equal representation, which is conducive to "mobilizing people's enthusiasm and creativity" and the development of democracy. Zhou Hanhua, a research fellow with the Law Institute under the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said the draft amendment is inline with social change, and "from the legal perspective it shows that all rights are equal under the law." Obviously, the change will be a significant political progress and it is in line with the constitutional spirit that "everyone in the nation is equal." It also reflects the transition of the country's urban and rural society. According to the law, the number of deputies to the NPC is limited within 3,000, and the distribution of NPC deputies is decided by the NPC Standing Committee, the top legislature. The draft amendment says the quotas of NPC deputies are distributed to 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions on the basis of their population, which ensures equal representation among regions and ethnic groups. Another big issue that lawmakers deliberate at the session this week is to grant "equal compensation" to the victims of traffic, mining and industrial accidents as well as medical negligence, among others, regardless of the victims' identity, status, income and regional disparity. The proposal is specified in the draft on tort liability, which is deliberated by members of the NPC Standing Committee for the third time. Farmer victims normally get much less compensation than their urban counterparts. And there are often disputes from "different prices paid to different lives." At the session, lawmakers consider to set the same compensation for all victims of an accident that results in many deaths. It will be a significant step if the draft law on tort liability is adopted by the legislature, as it ensures equal rights for each Chinese and shows respect for every human life.
BEIJING, Nov. 16 (Xinhua) -- U.S. President Barack Obama arrived in Beijing Monday afternoon to continue a four-day state visit to China after meetings with officials and students in Shanghai. Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping greeted him at the airport. U.S. President Barack Obama waves as he steps off Air Force One at the airport in Beijing, capital of China, on Nov. 16, 2009. Obama arrived here Monday afternoon to continue his four-day state visit to ChinaChinese Vice President Xi Jinping walks with U.S. President Barack Obama at the airport in Beijing, capital of China, on Nov. 16, 2009. Obama arrived here Monday afternoon to continue his four-day state visit to China During his stay in Beijing, Obama is to meet with Chinese leaders and exchange views on bilateral relations and major international and regional issues of common concern. He will also visit the Forbidden City and the Great Wall, two of China's most cherished heritage sites. A child presents a bouquet to U.S. President Barack Obama as Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping gestures at the airport in Beijing, capital of China, on Nov. 16, 2009. Obama arrived here Monday afternoon to continue his four-day state visit to China. Obama arrived in Shanghai Sunday night, the first stop of his maiden trip to China since taking office in January. He met with Shanghai Party chief Yu Zhengsheng and had a dialogue with Chinese youth earlier Monday. China is one leg of Obama's Asian tour, following his visit to Japan and Singapore. He is slated to leave Beijing for the Republic of Korea Wednesday afternoon. Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping shakes hands with U.S. President Barack Obama at the airport in Beijing, capital of China, on Nov. 16, 2009. Obama arrived here Monday afternoon to continue his four-day state visit to ChinaU.S. President Barack Obama arrives at the airport in Beijing, capital of China, on Nov. 16, 2009. Obama arrived here Monday afternoon to continue his four-day state visit to China

SHANGHAI, Nov. 16 (Xinhua) -- United States President Barack Obama is to meet with Shanghai Party chief Yu Zhengsheng on Monday and have a dialogue with Chinese youths afterwards before heading for Beijing in the afternoon. A girl presents a bouquet to U.S. President Barack Obama after he arrives at Shanghai Pudong International Airport on Nov. 15, 2009Obama arrived in Shanghai Sunday night to start his four-day state visit to China, his first trip to the country since taking office in January. The China visit is one leg of Obama's Asian tour, including state visits to Japan and the Republic of Korea and attending a summit of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC).
CHRISTCHURCH, New Zealand, Nov. 1 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang on Sunday visited Canterbury University to open the second Confucius Institute in New Zealand. Li said during the opening ceremony that cultural and educational cooperation are important parts of relations between China and New Zealand. China has become the largest source of overseas students and the fastest growing source of international tourists to New Zealand, while people in New Zealand are taking a strong interest in studying the Chinese language and getting acquainted with Chinese culture, he said. The new Confucius Institute, jointly founded by Canterbury University and China's Huazhong Science and Technology University, represents another achievement of the exchanges and cooperation between the two nations, Li said. He said he hoped the institute would become a link between the two countries in cultural and educational exchanges. Visiting Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (L) gives the tablet to Rod Carr, Vice-Chancellor of University of Canterbury, during the inauguration of Confucius Institute of University of Canterbury in Christchurch, New Zealand, Nov. 1, 2009 China and New Zealand have become good friends and partners based on mutual respect and trust, he said. He said he believed the two countries will further strengthen communications, enhance mutual trust, consolidate their traditional friendship and push their bilateral relations to a newlevel. In addition to opening the institute on the first day of his three-day visit to New Zealand, the Chinese vice premier also met with Christchurch Mayor Bob Parker. During the meeting, Li said China has attached importance to developing cooperative ties with Christchurch, the largest city on New Zealand's South Island. The two sides, the vice premier said, have conducted fruitful exchanges and cooperation in animal husbandry, scientific research and education. The two sides should deepen their cooperation in such fields as farming and animal husbandry, and expand exchanges and cooperation in trade, science and technology, culture, education and tourism, Li said. Parker said the opening of the Confucius Institute marks a new development in New Zealand-China cooperation. He said Christchurch would continue to play a positive role in strengthening the two nations' bilateral friendship and cooperation. Li arrived in Christchurch after an official visit to Australia. He will travel to Papua New Guinea after his visit to New Zealand.
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