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BRASILIA, April 26 (Xinhua) -- A survey conducted by Brazil's Ministry of Health showed Tuesday that half of Brazilians aged over 55 have hypertension.According to the research, which has been carried out annually since 2006, the proportion of Brazilians diagnosed with hypertension increased over the past five years, from 21.6 percent in 2006 to 23.3 percent in 2010.Besides, the diagnosis of hypertension is higher among women (25.5 percent) than men (20.7 percent). But in both sexes, the older people are, the more common the disease becomes, the ministry reported.The ministry also said that, to address the problem, the Brazilian government distributes free medicines to control blood pressure, since 80 percent of Brazilians who suffer from hypertension depend on the public health system.The Ministry of Health signed on April 7 an agreement with the food industry, aiming to reduce salt in processed food.If hypertension is left untreated, some complications including clogged arteries, stroke and myocardial infarction will bring patients more troubles.

WELLINGTON, May 13 (Xinhua) -- While it's long been known that a little sunshine can spread happiness, researchers in New Zealand have found that it can also save the lives of pneumonia patients.Medical scientists have found that vitamin D, which is absorbed through the skin and produced with exposure to sunlight, is a major factor in the survival rate of pneumonia patients.Researchers at Waikato University collaborated with doctors at Waikato Hospital, both Hamilton-based institutions, to study blood samples of 112 patients admitted to the hospital with pneumonia during the winter.They found that those with severe vitamin D deficiency 17 of the patients were more likely to die within a month, compared with patients with normal or slightly low vitamin D levels.Dr Bob Hancox, of the hospital's department of respiratory medicine, said five of the 17 died, a 29-percent mortality rate, compared with four deaths among the 95 patients with higher vitamin D levels, a 4-percent mortality rate."The analysis confirmed that the difference in mortality rates between the two groups was very unlikely to be due to chance," Hancox told Xinhua.Vitamin D deficiency was a concern around the world, Hancox said."Sunlight is the main source of vitamin D, so it tends to be a winter problem in temperate climates when people spend a lot of time indoors. But it occurs in all countries and vitamin D deficiency is believed to be a major problem worldwide."There is accumulating evidence that we need vitamin D to help fight infections, such as pneumonia as we have shown, as well as improve bone health," he told Xinhua."What is not yet clear is whether we can do anything about it. We don't know whether treating people with vitamin D supplements would help to prevent or treat respiratory infections. This is what we need to find out now."Dr Ray Cursons, of the Biological Sciences department at Waikato University, said patient age, sex, additional health conditions, and other prognostic factors did not affect the research outcome, although researchers still could not establish a causal link between vitamin D deficiency and mortality in the patients.Waikato Hospital D respiratory specialist Dr Noel Karalus said it was not yet known whether giving patients vitamin D supplements after their admission to hospital with respiratory tract infections would alter outcomes."It may transpire that vitamin D helps us avoid infection rather than cure it once established."Cursons said the best source of vitamin D was sunlight as dietary sources such as fatty fish and cod liver oil did not contain enough vitamin D."There is still some controversy regarding the optimal daily allowance of vitamin D. How much we absorb through the skin depends on sun exposure, skin type and geographical latitude. M ori and Pacific Islanders absorb less because of their darker skin, and people in colder climates also have lower levels of vitamin D. "Pneumonia is the single largest cause of death in children worldwide, killing an estimated 1.6 million children under the age of five each year, according to the World Health Organization.The research findings are published in the journal Respirology, published by the Asian Pacific Society of Respirology, this month.

The severe water shortages have become a major bottleneck to our sustainable development. Nearly two-thirds of the cities in China lack water," said Chen Lei, Minister of Water Resources.From 2011 to 2015, China will strive to limit its annual water consumption within 620 billion cubic meters and cut water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP by 30 percent.

KUNMING, March 13 (Xinhua) -- Local authorities said all earthquake victims had found shelter after nearly 9,000 tents were set up in the earthquake-hit Yingjiang County in southwest China.Altogether 53,000 people are being housed in large-sized tents erected in county plazas and village squares, said Jiang Zhaogang, spokesman with the rescue headquarters.Others moved in with friends, relatives, or makeshift houses for temporary accommodation, said Jiang.A 5.8-magnitude quake struck Yingjiang County in southwest China's Yunnan Province Thursday, leaving 25 dead and 314 injured. The tremor also toppled the homes of 1,039 families and left 4,994 others seriously damaged.As of Sunday, the central and local governments in Yunnan have disbursed 10,000 tents, 15,000 quilts and 15,000 coats for the homeless victims in the quake-hit region.White coated medical personnel patrolled and disinfected the tents every day, and no sign of epidemics have been detected.In one tent area, a local medical team was brewing traditional herbal juice for disease prevention, while residents lined up before the steaming wok with bowls, bottles, and even wash basins at hand."I invented this herbal brew especially for the disaster victims, which can help prevent flu and alleviate rheumatic pains," said Chen Benshan, an experienced practitioner of traditional Chinese medicine.Though the rebuilding of the county has not been put on schedule, less damaged schools are expected to resume classes on Monday."We want to start counseling classes as soon as possible to help the children recover from the terror of the earthquake," said Jin Xiasi, a member of the local rescue team.

BEIJING, March 17 (Xinhuanet) -- A new study has shown that gene therapy can reduce symptoms in patients with Parkinson's, media reports said Thursday.The study, published in the journal Lancet Neurology, is the first to show positive results in a test of gene therapy against a sham operation in 45 U.S. Parkinson's patients.The treated group showed a 23.1 percent improvement on a scale of Parkinson's symptoms six months after treatment, compared to a 12.7 percent improvement for patients who received sham surgery, according to the published research."Gene therapy is no longer just a theory," said Michael Kaplitt, a neurosurgeon at New York-Presbyterian Hospital and Weill Cornell Medical Center, and one of the study authors. "We are getting much closer to a reality where this treatment can be offered to patients."In patients with Parkinson's disease, their brains get overactive after losing the normal supply of a chemical called GABA. The new treatment, gene therapy, works by inserting billions of copies of a gene into patients' brains that helps them produce more GABA.Kaplitt said the results might spur similar treatments for other brain disorders like Alzheimer's, epilepsy and depression.

来源：资阳报