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WASHINGTON, Oct. 18 (Xinhua) -- Heart failure (HF) hospitalizations dropped 29.5 percent nationally over the past decade, according to a study by Yale physicians to be published Wednesday in the Journal of the American Medical Association.The risk-adjusted rate of heart failure hospitalization fell from 2,845 to 2,007 per 100,000 person-years from 1998 to 2008 in a fee-for-service Medicare claims analysis by Dr. Jersey Chen of Yale University and colleagues.The team also found that the rate of hospitalization for black men dropped at a lower rate, and that one-year mortality rates declined slightly during that period, but remained high.HF imposes one of the highest disease burdens of any medical condition in the United States and the risk increases with age. As a result, HF ranks as the most frequent cause of hospitalization and re-hospitalization among senior Americans. HF is also one of the most resource-intensive conditions, with direct and indirect costs in the United States estimated at 39.2 billion U.S. dollars in 2010.The study showed that the HF hospitalization rates varied significantly from state to state. The decline in the hospitalization rate from 1998 to 2008 was significantly higher than the national average in 16 states and significantly lower in three states (Wyoming, Rhode Island and Connecticut).Chen and his team also found that risk-adjusted one-year mortality decreased from 31.7 percent to 29.6 percent between 1999 and 2008, a relative decline of 6.6 percent, with substantial variation in different states."Because of the substantial decline in HF hospitalizations, compared to the rate of 1998, there were an estimated 229,000 fewer HF hospitalizations in 2008," said Chen in a statement, adding that with a mean HF hospitalization cost of 18,000 dollars in 2008, this decline represents a savings of 4.1 billion dollars in fee-for-service Medicare."The overall decline in the heart failure hospitalization rate was mainly due to fewer individual patients being hospitalized with heart failure rather than a reduction in the frequency of repeat hospitalizations," said Chen.

BEIJING, Nov. 28 (Xinhuanet) -- A majority of the emergency hospitalizations for bad events related to medication use in old U.S. adults stem from four common medications, according to a new study in the New England Journal of Medicine Monday.The study was conducted by researchers from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of U.S.There are nearly 100,000 emergency hospitalizations for adverse drug events in older Americans, says researcher Daniel S. Budnitz, MD, MPH, director of the CDC's Medication Safety Program.And the four types of medication -- two for diabetes and two blood-thinning agents -- account for two-thirds of those drug-related emergency hospitalizations. They most often cited: warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven); insulin; antiplatelet drugs such as aspirin and clopidogrel (Plavix); oral hypoglycemic agents."Both blood thinners and diabetes medicines are critical drugs that can be lifesaving," Budnitz says.However, he says that ''these are medications that you do need to pay attention to," being sure the dose and timing are correct, among other measures.

WASHINGTON, Dec. 21 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Wednesday approved Isentress for the treatment of HIV-1 infection for children and adolescents.The drug is part of a class of medications called HIV integrase strand transfer inhibitors that works by slowing the spread of HIV in the body. It was first approved for use in adult patients in October 2007, under FDA's accelerated approval program."Many young children and adolescents are living with HIV and this approval provides an important additional option for their treatment," said Edward Cox, director of the Office of Antimicrobial Products in the FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research.Isentress is a pill that can be taken twice daily, with or without food. The pill is also available in a chewable form. As the two tablet formulations are not interchangeable, the chewable form is only approved for use in children ages 2 to 11.A single, multi-center clinical trial of 96 children and adolescents aged 2-18 years with HIV-1 infection evaluated the safety and effectiveness of Isentress. These patients previously received treatment for HIV-1 infection. After 24 weeks of treatment with Isentress, 53 percent of these patients had an undetectable amount of HIV in their blood.According to the FDA, the most commonly reported severe, treatment-related side effects in patients taking Isentress include trouble sleeping and headache. The frequency of these side effects is similar for children and adults. One pediatric patient reported severe treatment-related insomnia, while another pediatric patient experienced a drug-related skin rash.

BEIJING, Oct. 21 (Xinhua) -- Vice President Xi Jinping has said China is willing to cooperate with Russia on strategic security matters, and that the two nations should work more closely on bilateral and multilateral issues.Xi made the remarks on Thursday in his meeting with Russian Security Council Secretary Nikolai Patrushev, according to a press release issued by the Chinese Foreign Ministry on Friday.China will work more closely with Russia in order to strengthen communication and coordination on regional and international issues, Xi said.Patrushev is in Beijing to co-chair the sixth round of China-Russia strategic security talks with Chinese State Councilor Dai Bingguo.Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping (R) shakes hands with Russian Security Council Secretary Nikolai Patrushev (L) in Beijing, capital of China on Oct. 20, 2011.Xi spoke highly of the contribution made by the China-Russia strategic security talks in boosting bilateral political mutual trust and strategic coordination, calling on the two sides to step up strategic coordination in a bid to better safeguard the common interests of the two nations and promote peace and stability in the world.Citing the significant and profound transition of the international situation, Xi said the two nations face opportunities as well as challenges in maintaining a strategically secure environment for their own development.On bilateral relations, Xi said China always prioritizes its relations with Russia in the country's foreign policy. He expressed China's willingness to make concerted efforts with Russia to push forward bilateral cooperation in the political, economic, energy, science and technology fields.Russia was highly satisfied with the current development of the bilateral ties, Patrushev said, proposing the two sides should strengthen strategic communication, expand mutual trust and cement coordination in multilateral organizations such as the United Nations and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.China-Russia strategic security talks were initiated by leaders of the two countries in 2005.

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