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BEIJING, Jan. 3 (Xinhua) -- For many Chinese who want to nab railway tickets home for the annual Spring Festival migration, the government's promise of having a better system by 2012 is just a distant hope.     Starting Friday, the first day to book tickets for the travel rush expected to last from Jan. 11 to Feb. 28, long queues appeared at ticket booths in almost every major railway hub.     In Wuhan, college students were first hit by the rush, as many schools' winter break starts from Jan. 10 to 17.     As more than 70 percent of the 1 million resident students there were expected to go home by train, local railway authorities have set up ticket agents on campus, opened more ticket booths for students at stations and offered special trains for students.     But many still found it difficult to get tickets, especially to Urumqi, Qingdao, Jinan, Harbin, Zhanjiang and Nanning. At the Wuchang Railway Station alone, more than 60,000 tickets were sold on Friday.     In Shanghai, police and security officers were put 24-hour on guard to maintain order and prevent accidents. They gave each passenger a number and assigned them to different waiting lines.     At the Beijing West Railway Station, 15 temporary ticket booths have been opened. To keep the lines at no more than 20 people as required by the Railway Ministry, Beijing railway authority set up410 ticket booths at the main Beijing Railway Station and the Beijing West Railway Station. Tickets will be sold around the clock.     Deputy General Manager of the Guangzhou Railway Group Cao Jianguo asked passengers to "be patient" and "try again" with the booking telephone hot line 96020088 in Guangdong.     Nine stations in the southern province have been networked this year with the telephone hotline, which means passengers can pick up or cancel reserved tickets much more easily by showing identification.     At Guangzhou railway stations, the Guangzhou Command College of Armed Police was mobilized at seven ticket booths. They were on duty during last year's Spring Festival rush, which was aggravated by unusual snowstorms.     The Railway Ministry expects 188 million people to travel during the coming travel rush, up 8 percent from last year, with daily traffic expected to hit 4.7 million people.     Beijing, Guangzhou, Shanghai and Hangzhou are the "most bustling hubs" before the Spring Festival, which falls on Jan. 26,so railway authorities have added 319 temporary express passengers trains this year.     Despite these efforts, many passengers still feared that they might not be able to get tickets to get home in time.     Qiao Kejiao, a Beijing hospital clerk, said she might resort to being duty on Lunar New Year Eve and traveling on the second day, when traffic would be lighter.     In a work meeting that closed on Thursday, Railway Minister LiuZhijun attributed the annual travel ordeal to inadequate rail networks. The work meeting decided that speeding up railway construction and securing railway transportation were the ministry's priority tasks in 2009.     Liu foresaw a "historic change" in 2012 when intensive investment would extend total track mileage to 110,000 km, including 13,000 km of passenger lines on which trains could run between 200 to 350 km per hour.     The scenario does not offer any immediate comfort. Associate senior editor of the Study Times, Deng Yuwen, said the real solution was not in hardware improvement such as more tracks but in management and service.     In a column in the Shanghai-based Oriental Morning Post on Saturday, he said that the per capita railway mileage in China was only 6 cm, shorter than a cigarette.     "Even after the mileage is extended from the current 78,000 km to 110,000 km, per capita rail lines in China will only be 8.5 cm. Can we really say good-bye to ticket shortages by then?"     The real culprit, he wrote, was insufficient capacity. To improve the capacity, foreign and private capital should be introduced to break the government monopoly in railway investment, he said.     The ticket distribution system should also be streamlined to avoid the "gray zone" where so-called "contract units" such as tourism agencies and outlets take advantage of contacts to hoard tickets that are then re-sold for illegal profits.     Ticket purchases under real names, a proposal that has been repeatedly rejected by the railway authorities, could help improve management and services, he said.

BEIJING, Dec. 5 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao on Friday called for a stronger high-level dialogue mechanism with the United States.     "China and the United States should continue to step up their high-level dialogue mechanism for substantive cooperation and stronger bilateral relations," Hu told visiting U.S. Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson. Chinese President Hu Jintao (R) meets with United States Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 5, 2008.     Their meeting came after China and the United States concluded their two-day Strategic Economic Dialogue (SED), which produced 40 agreements in areas ranging from finance and trade to energy and the environment.     Included in Paulson's high-profile delegation were the U.S. secretaries of agriculture, labor, health and the environment, among others.     Led by Vice Premier Wang Qishan, the Chinese delegation included more than 10 ministers from such areas as finance, development and reform, agriculture, labor, commerce, health, the environment and the central bank.     "The two delegations should summarize the good experience and practice of the SED talks and jointly implement the consensus and agreements that are reached," Hu said.     Initiated by the two presidents in 2006, the biannual SED is the highest level of bilateral economic dialogue.     Hailing the positive outcomes of the talks, Hu said the dialogue was a success because the talks stuck to comprehensive, strategic and long-term issues and served bilateral economic and trade cooperation, as well as the overall bilateral relationship.     The successes also lay in the fact that the two sides took care of both nations' interests and concerns, broadened fields of bilateral cooperation and cultivated new areas for growth, Hu said.     "The dialogue helped the two nations increase mutual trust, narrow their differences and properly address the problems arising from the cooperation," Hu said. Chinese President Hu Jintao (R) meets with United States Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 5, 2008.     "China-U.S. relations now stand in an important era connecting the past and the future," President said.     China values its ties with the United States and sees the 30th anniversary of diplomatic ties as an opportunity, Hu said.     "Let's maintain the direction of the constructive cooperation, step up dialogue, increase mutual trust, expand cooperation and take the bilateral relationship to a new high," Hu said.     Paulson said the launch of the SED was a farsighted strategic decision made by the presidents of the two nations.     The just-concluded dialogue was the final SED meeting for Paulson, who will step down next January.     Paulson, a key figure in establishing the SED mechanism, hailed the role of the SED in boosting bilateral trade relations and promoting the world economy over the past two years.     The SED succeeded in dealing with the strategic economic relations, addressing the complicated and subtle issues and promoting the bilateral ties, he said.     On U.S.-China relationship, Paulson said it was one of the most important bilateral relations in the world.     He reaffirmed that the United States would like to work with China to further boost their ties.

BERN, Switzerland, Jan. 27 (Xinhua) -- China and Switzerland decided on Tuesday to begin a joint feasibility study on creating a bilateral free trade zone in the second half of this year in preparation for formally launching negotiations on the issue.     During talks in the Swiss capital, visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao and President of the Swiss Confederation Hans-Rudolf Merz exchanged views on the current international financial and economic situation and briefed each other on the policies and measures China and Switzerland have taken regarding the international financial crisis. President of the Swiss Confederation Hans-Rudolf Merz (L2) holds talks with visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R3) in Bern Jan. 27, 2009The two leaders agreed that it is an urgent task for the two countries to work more closely together to tide over the difficulties against the backdrop of the financial crisis.     The feasibility study on a free trade zone is one of the measures the two nations agreed to take in order to jointly tackle the challenges brought about by the international financial crisis.     Other measures include deepening financial cooperation, expanding trade and investment, opposing trade protectionism, and promoting reform of the international financial system.     China and Switzerland will also boost joint work in technology, energy, environmental protection, as well as in the medical and cultural sectors.     The Chinese premier arrived here earlier in the day for an official visit to Switzerland and will also attend the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum in Davos. President of the Swiss Confederation Hans-Rudolf Merz (R4) meets with visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R5) in Bern Jan. 27, 2009.Wen said during the talks with Merz that the political mutual trust between China and Switzerland has been deepened and bilateral cooperation has been fruitful since the two nations set up diplomatic ties 59 years ago.     He said China values the traditional friendship with Switzerland and is ready to promote high-level exchanges and expand their cooperation that is based on mutual respect and mutual benefit.     Merz expressed Switzerland's admiration for China's achievements in its reform and opening up, saying he believed China has an even brighter prospect for further growth.     Switzerland hopes to strengthen the political dialogue and practical cooperation with China, he said.     After the talks, China and Switzerland signed an agreement on promoting and protecting investment.

BEIJING, Jan. 9 (Xinhua) -- China said Friday it welcomes and supports the UN Security Council resolution on Gaza.     "The resolution reflects the concerns and desires of the international community on the situation in Gaza," Foreign Ministry spokesman Qin Gang said in response to a question.     China called for effective implementation by all parties concerned of the new resolution and an immediate ceasefire in Gaza, Qin noted.     China also urged Israel to withdraw its forces from Gaza, ensure the smooth operation of humanitarian aid activities and ease the humanitarian crisis in Gaza at an early date, he said.     Qin called on all parties concerned to continue the political process to achieve a just and reasonable settlement of the Palestinian-Israeli issue and realize the establishment of an independent Palestinian state and peaceful coexistence.     The UN Security Council on Thursday adopted a resolution calling for an immediate ceasefire in Gaza "leading to the full withdrawal of Israeli forces."     The new resolution, drafted by Britain, was adopted with 14 voting in favor and the United States abstaining after a compromise was reached between Arab foreign ministers and their Western counterparts.     More than 700 Palestinians reportedly died in 13 days of Israeli military action in Gaza, which was undertaken in retaliation for the firing of rockets into southern Israel by Hamas militants.

BEIJING, Jan. 17 (Xinhua) -- China and the United States had signed a memorandum of understanding restricting the U.S. import of archeological items originating in China, a Chinese official said Saturday.     The memorandum was signed in Washington on Thursday by Chinese Ambassador Zhou Wenzhong and U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for Education and Cultural Affairs Goli Ameri, said Dong Baohua, deputy director of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage (SACH), at a press conference.     The agreement's full name is Memorandum of Understanding Concerning the Imposition of Import Restrictions on Categories of Archeological Material from the Paleolithic Period through the Tang Dynasty and Monumental Sculpture and Wall Art At Least 250 Years Old.     Under the memorandum and U.S. legislation entitled the Convention on Cultural Property Implementation Act, the U.S. government shall restrict the importation into the United States of archeological material originating in China and representing China's cultural heritage from the Paleolithic Period through the end of the Tang Dynasty, the year 907, and monumental sculpture and wall art at least 250 years old.     The U.S. government will promulgate a list of archeological material categories of metals, ceramic, stone, textile, other organic material, glass and paintings, which will be restricted to import from China, unless the Chinese government issues a license or other documentation which certifies that such exportation is not in violation of its laws, the memorandum says.     For the purpose of this memorandum, the restricted Paleolithic objects date from approximately 75,000 B.C., according to the memorandum.     China and the United States are both States Party of the Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property. The convention was adopted by the UNESCO in 1970.     For years, the Chinese government has attached importance to cracking down on the stealing, illegal digging, and smuggling of cultural relics and tried to cooperate with the international community in the crackdown, by participating in internationals conventions and signing bilateral and multilateral agreements on the issue.     In addition to the newly-signed Sino-U.S. memorandum, China has signed similar agreements with Peru, India, Italy, the Philippines, Greece, Chile, Cyprus, and Venezuela, according to the official.