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Neanderthals may not have been that different from us, after all.New evidence reveals that they created the world's oldest known cave paintings and even wore seashells as body ornaments. Both behaviors suggest that they thought symbolically and had an artistic sensibility like modern humans. Two studies published Thursday in the journal Science detail the latest findings."Undoubtedly it is showing that Neanderthals were thinking and behaving just like modern humans," Alistair Pike, co-author of the studies and professor of archaeological sciences at the University of Southampton, wrote in an email."We should no longer think of them as a different species, just humans in different places," he said.The new findings of symbolic thinking show that Neanderthals and modern humans were cognitively indistinguishable, the researchers said.Cave paintings and artifacts like painted seashells have long been regarded as the work of early modern humans, who were thought to have more advanced cognitive abilities than Neanderthals. Dating cave paintings can be a difficult process, and unreliable techniques never allowed for the possibility that these could be the work of Neanderthals.Until now, that is. A new technique called Uranium-Thorium dating is less destructive, is more accurate and can go back further in time than other methods. U-Th dating looks at the deposits of carbonate on top of the paint, which contain traces of uranium and thorium that indicate when those deposits formed. That allows the researchers to determine an age for what's under the deposits.The researchers applied this technique to paintings in the La Pasiega, Maltravieso and Ardales caves in Spain, which had never received "robust" dating. The paintings include red and black images of animals, dots, lines, disks and other geometric signs. There also are engravings, hand prints and hand stencils.Those hand stencils are particularly significant, and not just because they represent the hand size of a Neanderthal."A red line, a red dot or even a positive hand print could potentially be made 'accidentally,' " wrote Dirk Hoffmann, lead author of the studies and archaeologist with the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, in an email."Of course, I am sure that this is not the case, since you would still need to bring [in] light and pigment, but one could argue that all you need is some pigment on your hand when you lean against a wall. A hand stencil cannot be explained like that. You have to hold your hand against the wall and the deliberately spray pigment over this. This is why we emphasize the hand stencil."The dating revealed that the cave art was created more than 64,000 years ago -- 20,000 years before modern humans appeared in what is now considered Europe.The shells were found in the Cueva de los Aviones, a sea cave in southeastern Spain. They are unique because they are perforated with holes and colored with red and yellow pigment. Others served as containers for the mineral pigments themselves. The pigments were used on the shells but could have also been used for the cave paintings and even as body paint.The deposit layer containing the shells dated to 115,000 years ago, which is even older than other shells recovered in Africa that were dated to modern humans."The standard archaeological interpretation of such finds is that they are body ornaments," Hoffmann said. "Similar finds were made in Africa or the Levant with similar age. In Africa or the Levant, these were made by modern humans, in Spain Neanderthals made them. So in terms of symbolism, early modern humans and Neanderthals were similar."The researchers are absolutely confident in their dating technique."We have spent 10 years refining the technique and have numerous quality controls," Pike said. "The dates respect the growth axis of the deposits we are dating, the oldest closest to the painting, the youngest at the surface."Once modern humans left Africa and migrated to Europe and other areas, mixing with the Neanderthals would've been inevitable. The researchers believe that the Neanderthals created this artwork on their own, without being influenced by any other population. But it's possible that they exchanged symbolism or that Neanderthals influenced the art and symbolism of modern humans. Modern humans were capable of symbolic behavior, so it "turns the who's copying who debate on its head," Pike said."The idea that culture only evolved with modern humans no longer makes sense," Pike said. Hoffmann suggested that Neanderthals now be referred to as "very close cousins" of modern humans.Is it possible that anyone else may have created the cave paintings?Pike said it is incredibly doubtful that a population of early modern humans migrated to Europe so early without any other evidence to suggest it."We cannot of course rule out that pre-Neanderthal populations made the art," Pike said. "This sounds like a project for the future."Hoffmann, Pike and their colleagues want to use their new dating technique in more caves in Spain, as well as France and Italy -- and anywhere else Neanderthals are known to lived.The findings also raise new questions for researchers."How far back does symbolic behavior go? Can it be traced to the last common ancestor of modern humans and Neanderthals? This is perhaps where we should be looking," Pike said. 5398

Multiple people were busy Monday morning in Fort Pierce rescuing baby sea turtles that were stuck in seaweed from the high surf and strong winds of Hurricane Irma.The rescue was occurring at 10 a.m. at Jetty Park. A man named Eric said he spoke with the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, who told him to put wet sand in a bucket and collect the stranded turtles.    FWC originally said to put the turtles back into the water but later changed their mind.“Originally FWC told me to put them back into the water, but we noticed that they were just coming right back onto the shore because the waves are just too strong for these little creatures,” said Eric.He said when other people in the area saw what he was doing, they jumped in to help with the rescue.The group of people were frantically digging through a massive mound of seaweed with their bare hands to save as many turtles as possible.By 10 a.m., the group had rescued about 50 to 60 baby sea turtles and nine eggs that were not broken. Unfortunatly they found about 20 small turtles that did not survive Irma.FWC said they come by later to collect the turtles.  1181

NATIONAL CITY (CNS) - Authorities today identified a motorcyclist who was killed in a collision at a South Bay intersection.Andrew Balderas, 21, of San Ysidro, was riding a Yamaha motorcycle eastbound in the 100 block of Mile of Cars Way just before 7 a.m. Thursday when a Toyota minivan made a left turn directly into his path at Transportation Avenue, according to the San Diego County Medical Examiner's Office.Balderas, who was wearing a helmet, struck the minivan and was ejected onto the roadway, according to a Medical Examiner's Office statement.An off-duty emergency medical technician arrived shortly after the collision, called 911 and began performing CPR on Balderas, the Medical Examiner's Office said. When paramedics arrived, Balderas was unresponsive and had no pulse. He was transported to UCSD Medical Center in Hillcrest, but doctors were unable to revive him.The minivan driver remained at the scene and cooperated with investigators, National City police Sgt. Jeffrey Meeks said.Intoxication was not believed to have been a factor in the collision, Meeks said. 1090

NASHVILLE, Tenn. — Tattoo artists in Nashville are using their skills in ink to help in the fight against racial injustice by covering up racist tattoos for free.Colby Hunter of Sage & Serpent Tattoo in Inglewood, Tennessee, announced on Facebook last week that he will cover up racist tattoos for free to people who have truly had a change of heart. He was inspired by other tattoo artists in Nashville and Ohio who are running similar programs."This is something I'm able and capable of doing," Hunter said. "If they have made that turn in their lives and want to change their ways, I want to help out and make time for it."According to Hunter, tattoos considered racist include swastikas and SS bolts. The Anti-Defamation League lists more than 200 hate symbols in an online database. While he hasn't received any requests so far, Hunter stressed a vetting process is in place."I would like to hear people's stories. It's not just free cover-ups for people who are actively racist. They can stay at home, and I won't do anything for them," Hunter said.While other artists across the country are doing the same thing, not everyone agrees with the approach. Elisheba Mrozik of One Drop Ink Tattoo Parlour & Gallery said there needs to be more action and accountability."I get people wanting to help, but rewarding someone who has been a racist and taken the time and the pain and the money to spend on getting a piece of work to put on their body just to show how much they hate a specific group of people should not be rewarded," Mrozik said.Mrozik made a name for herself as the first black licensed tattoo artist in Nashville in 2011. She said that while the tattoo industry is rebellious in nature, it's also notorious for not valuing dark-skinned artists or clients.On top of just being willing to listen, Mrozik urged other artists to help by offering free tattoos to people with dark skin who they may have denied in the past as well as providing apprenticeships to black artists.Mrozik isn't against covering up the racist tattoos but said more needs to be done — and Safe House Tattoo agrees.Owner Ian White originally offered to cover the racist tattoos for free, but changed directions after watching Mrozik's video. He followed up with a second post on social media that said as a business, the shop didn't want to forget the struggle of Black Lives Matter and acknowledged the industry's need to better show the diversity of its clients through portfolios.White said he'd still like to cover up racist tattoos but changed the vetting process to require a 0 donation to one of many groups supporting the Black Lives Matter movement.In a statement, he said that while the shop had good intentions to be "anti-racism" with his original approach, he wished to have stepped back and listened longer."It's a perfect way to give that person an action to show they're about change and not just out here for a free tattoo," Mrozik said.White said he hadn't received any requests since the original post.This story was originally published by Matthew Torres on WTVF in Nashville. 3102

MILWAUKEE, Wisconsin — Kathleen Zellner, the attorney for the man who was the focus of the documentary series "Making a Murderer," Steven Avery, said she will present new information in her client's case later today.Zellner said the announcement would be made at 12:30 p.m. local time Thursday: 312