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ASHLAND, Ore. -- In the Rogue Valley of southern Oregon, you’ll find rows upon rows of vineyards. Rob Folin is the winemaker at Belle Fiore in Ashland.Although the grapes are different, the dry climate is similar to Napa Valley, making it very ideal conditions for wine-making. However, just like other crops, the weather can have a huge impact on wine grapes. As a winemaker, Folin says he needs to know what his vineyards are facing and how to handle what Mother Nature throws at him.“Rain, snow, frost, smoke, fire, we’ve got it all,” Folin said.In the summertime, it can be clear one day and smoky the next.“Right during harvest or right before is when it’s the worst time to have smoke – which would be right now,” Folin said.Harvest season in southern Oregon typically starts in mid-September and goes until mid-October. Folin says one of the stressors for a winemaker is smoke taint. That’s when smoke gets trapped in the skin of the grapes giving them a campfire aroma and ashy texture. It’s a flavor very few people enjoy.“If your vineyard had a fire right next to it and you just had solid smoke coming in there, then you can really have this barbecue or campfire kind of aroma,” Folin said.Unless you send your grapes in somewhere to get tested, Folin says there’s no way to know your grapes have smoke taint until they go through fermentation. He says whether a grape is impacted or not depends on a lot of factors, and it’s very unpredictable.“Our vineyard here could be totally fine, and the one across the street, their resulting wines could be smoky, like it’s just how the wind goes, the intensity of the smoke, how long it was there, how close it was, did it settle overnight.”When it comes down to it, there’s only so much you can control. As of right now, not much can be done to prevent smoke taint, and smoky summers in the western U.S. seems to be the norm lately.Folin says winemakers that face a lot of smoke taint can make more white wines since white wines are fermented without the grape skin. Or they can market their wines to consumers as a smoky wine for those that like the taste. At the end of the day, Folin says winemakers have to go with the flow.“Just roll with it," Folin said. "Ya know, fix what you can. If you can’t do anything about it, what can you do? Do what you can do and move forward.”With the exception of one fire near the vineyard in the past month, Folin says it’s been a very great year for his vineyard. He’s hopeful something good can come out of 2020 after all.“With all the stuff that’s going on, maybe we’ll have the best grapes this year. I don’t know. Just going to count on that.” 2649

At Allan Hancock College’s Fire Academy, Battalion 146 recently went through some intense rescue scenarios.“Help a brother out. Come on,” shouted an instructor.The person responsible for training the future firefighters is academy coordinator Andy Densmore, who has been in this industry for almost four decades and is retiring at the end of this year.“There’s nothing you can do about it,” he said. “We have to make the change.”Changes due to COVID-19.Since the pandemic hit, academy class sizes have been cut by a third, cadets are screened before they enter the facilities, they socially distance themselves once they’re in and wear masks when they’re not in face pieces.“The nice part is we asked these kids for their commitment the first day that we meet them and we said, ‘there’s only one variable in this entire program and it’s you,’” Densmore said.As Densmore’s career comes to a close during this crisis, Camila Schafer, class president of Battalion 146, is just starting hers.“Whether it’s a pandemic, it’s a fire, it’s a surf rescue, we’ll answer that call,” she said.Schafer says instructors can control all aspects of a cadet’s day while on campus but once they leave the academy, however, cadets are committed to an individual responsibility.“On weekends, we’re studying. we’re hitting the books,” she said. “We’re making sure that we’re not out there putting our battalion in jeopardy and possibly getting this virus.”Employment of firefighters is projected to grow faster than the average for all occupations across the country, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistcs.While this fire academy is training with new challenges, Densmore believes smaller class sizes could make cadets like Schafer better prepared than firefighters of the past.“We don’t graduate mediocre,” he said. “Our standards are really, really high. And we exceed what the state requires." 1888

As the polar ice caps retreat, polar bears could struggle to survive by the end of this century, a number of university researchers wrote in a study published in the Nature Climate Change journal.The study looked at a number of sub-species of polar bears who live in the arctic and how they have adapted to reduced sea ice from 1979 to 2016. The group of researchers said that all but a few sub-species of polar bears will be able to reproduce and survive given projected conditions by 2100.Polar bears use sea ice to capture seals for food. When sea ice erodes for the summer, polar bears fast. Although polar bears are capable of fasting for months, there are limits to how long the bears can go without food.The researchers examined energy needs of polar bears, and that the amount of time polar bears would fast would lengthen to a point that makes it too challenging to survive and reproduce.While resting female polar bears can generally fast for longer periods of time, reproducing females, males and cubs all require shorter fasting periods, the research found.“Avoiding continued sea-ice decline requires aggressively mitigating greenhouse gas rise,” the researchers wrote, “and our results explicitly describe the costs to polar bears of avoiding that mitigation.”To illustrate how much sea ice is being lost, NOAA is projecting that the arctic could have ice-free summers by 2042.Scientists have long discussed the possibility that polar bears could become nearly extinct by the end of the century. Beyond reducing carbon emissions, proposals have included relocating cubs to areas of the Arctic expected to retain higher levels of sea ice have been proposed. To read the full study, click here. 1714

As the NFL continues to operate surrounded by an inferno of coronavirus cases throughout the US, the league told players to wear face coverings when not actively in the game, ESPN reported on Monday.The new requirements go into effect starting with Thursday’s Thanksgiving Day slate of games.According to ESPN’s report, the NFL is requiring masks to be worn unless a player has their helmet on and is in and or about to enter the game.The league is also telling coaches that face shields alone are no longer adequate, and face coverings or double-layer gaiters must be worn during games.The NFL is limiting the number of players on the travel roster to 62. The league is reducing the number of members of the media who can cover team practices.The NFL releases weekly figures of COVID-19 cases. The league tested a total of 7,856 tests to players and staff. Last week, there were 17 new COVID-19 cases reported among players, and 35 among coaches and staff. Since training camp in August, 95 players and 175 staffers have tested positive for the virus.To read ESPN’s report on the NFL’s enhanced COVID-19 protocols, click here. 1135

At a rally in Pittsburgh on Tuesday, President Donald Trump gloated about reporters who were injured and shoved to the ground while covering protests and riots earlier this summer.While sharing anecdotes about the unrest in Minneapolis following the death of George Floyd, Trump referred to an "idiot reporter from CNN with the shaved head" who "got hit on the knee with a canister of tear gas."Trump was likely referring to MSNBC anchor Ali Velshi, who was hit with a rubber bullet fired by the National Guard while covering the protests in Minneapolis.Later referred to an unidentified reporter who was thrown aside "like a bag of popcorn" as police attempted to clear out protesters.Both accounts garnered laughter and applause from the large crowd in attendance."When you see it, it's actually a beautiful sight. It's a beautiful sight," Trump said, referring to police clearing out protesters.It was the second time in less than a week that Trump has mocked Velshi's injury. On Friday, at a rally in Minnesota Trump called out Velshi by name, saying that his injury was "a beautiful thing" and the result of "law and order." 1137