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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — The National Institutes of Health highlighted research Tuesday out of UC San Diego that could unlock a new way to treat COVID-19.The research reveals new insight into how the coronavirus hijacks cells, and how doctors might be able to set traps or decoys to combat the virus. The findings were published in the journal Cell last month.“It does open up another avenue for a potential treatment,” said UC San Diego distinguished professor Dr. Jeffrey Esko. “It’s not a cure. It would be something that would tamp down infection potentially.”Since January, scientists around the world have understood that SARS-Co-V2, the official name of the new coronavirus, enters cells by latching onto a specific receptor on the cell’s surface, called ACE2.The UCSD team, led by Dr. Esko and visiting scholar Dr. Thomas Clausen, discovered that this entry mechanism is actually a two-step process, and the virus must also attach to a long chain of sugars called heparan sulfate.“We’ve shown this is fundamental to the infectious mechanism, so it needs to be part of every study from now on,” said Clausen.All cells are coated with a complex layer of sugars, or carbohydrates, called glycans. Heparan sulfate is one type of glycan that is known to play a key role in the infection process in several viruses, including herpes and other coronaviruses.It’s a complicated process to picture so the researchers offer an analogy: imagine a bird, soaring over trees, hunting a worm on the forest floor. The bird is the coronavirus and the trees are the thick layer of glycans that coat the surface of the cell.To reach the worm, which in this case is the receptor ACE2, the bird must navigate its way through the trees, specifically through heparan sulfate.The UCSD found that by removing the heparan sulfate trees with an enzyme, they were able to prevent the virus from infecting cells. In laboratory testing, they also found a second technique worked to foil the virus: introducing more trees as bait.The team found that heparin, an FDA-approved drug that is similar in structure to heparan sulfate, successfully acted as decoy. Heparin is a widely used drug designed to treat blood clots. Since blood clots and strokes are common complications with COVID-19, many doctors already administer heparin to patients.The UCSD team demonstrated that the two approaches can block infection in lab-grown cells about 80 to 90 percent of the time.“Certainly in the laboratory you can demonstrate that it works, but to deploy it and use it as a therapeutic has not been demonstrated,” Esko said.The NIH noted that more studies are planned to explore whether heparin, heparan sulfate, or drugs that target heparan sulfate might yield a viable COVID-19 treatment.Dr. Esko said he’s already been in talks with companies that plan to use their study as a rationale for a clinical trial.“It is very humbling when you realize we’re working on a pandemic right now, and maybe what we’ve done can contribute to a treatment for the disease,” he said. 3038

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - The Gaslamp Quarter was a ghost town Friday afternoon, unheard of at this time of year, which normally holds Comic Con and Padres games.Due to the pandemic, Padres' Opening Day was pushed back four months to Friday night, but no fans were allowed in.The droves of visitors nonexistent, hitting nearby businesses and fans hard.RELATED: San Diego Padres begin unprecedented season at fan-less Petco Park"Our sales were just through the roof, I've never worked in a restaurant where we have 2,000 covers in one day. This year," Manager of Rockin Baja Lobster Manager David Bravo said with a shrug. "You can see the sidewalk, the Convention Center is closed, probably half the restaurants are open," he gestured to neighboring businesses with closed signs posted on their windows.Bravo said they're focused on keeping their doors open, "we need to look at are we paying the staff and are we making enough money to survive? And yes we are doing that."Fans lined up at the Padres Store to get their gear and feel close to the festivities that used to crowd the streets.Eleven-year-old JT Stough has been going to Padres games since he was three months old.RELATED: Cardboard Padres fans to fill Petco Park's stands during 2020 seasonAt the age of three, his dad gave him an Opening Day baseball and told him to give it to whoever he wanted. JT climbed all the way to the nosebleeds where military members were sitting and handed the ball over.He chose the military member to honor their service. His grandfather served in the Navy for 10 years.He's kept the tradition alive each and every year since.Standing outside the Gaslamp Gate, JT said, "it definitely feels a little strange... not being able to go in the park just feels weird because I have to watch it at home."While JT will be at home, others are still out spreading acts of kindness."I've been walking up to tables asking how they're doing, and I've been thanking them for being in a good mood, and thanking for smiles, because I think if you spread the kindness maybe we can... make it all better," Bravo said.Everyone hoping for positive change soon. 2135

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — Summer is almost here, meaning a slew of wild, new entertainment at the San Diego Zoo Safari Park.Summer Safari returns to the Safari Park from May 25 to Sept. 1, bringing live music, arts and crafts, pop-up entertainment, up-close animal experiences, and more fun activities for families to enjoy.For the first time, the park will also host "family nights" on days the park is open until 8 p.m. On these nights, Monday and Tuesday from June 10 to July 30, special entertainment is planned, including bubble shows and evening cheetah runs.While Summer Safari is the big draw, guests will also be able to check out the park's new Walkabout Australia exhibit. Guests can wander through the Land Down Under in San Diego, across nearly four acres showcasing Australia's habitats and wildlife, including cassowaries, tree kangaroos, shelducks, and more. 875

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - The City of San Diego and the San Diego Housing Commission announced details about a planned purchase of two hotels to convert into permanent housing for the homeless.After a six-month search, city officials announced the purchase of the Residence Inns in Mission Valley and Kearny Mesa. The price tag: 6.5 million.Scott Marshall of the San Diego Housing Commission says the project draws upon city, county and state funds to turn hotel rooms into 332 affordable apartments for the homeless, many of them currently staying at the convention center as part of the program, Operation Shelter To Home."This is not temporary shelter. They are permanent homes that will provide them a path out of the shelter and off the streets," said Marshall.Marshall says of the 29 sites considered, the two Residence Inns stood out."They were operating as hotels and in good condition. They didn't require a lot of work for people to move in," said Marshall.Federal housing vouchers will help residents with part of the rent. They'll also receive a host of wraparound services."Things like health care, Life skills training and employment assistance to help them get back on their feet and to a more stabile life," said Marshall.The hotels turned apartments reside in commercial areas, with many other motels and hotels as neighbors. SDSU marketing professor Miro Copic says any issues at the sites could turn into pubic relations problems."Tourists and travel agents could see it as a negative, and it may turn away people from the area. The city has to manage this effectively. If it does so, it may not have much of an impact on nearby hotels," said Copic.If the city council approves the purchase in October, the apartments could be ready by December. 1768

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- The message from nurses and caregivers Tuesday morning was clear, "it's a question of priorities for entire healthcare system." Frustration and anger built after a 27-month contract renewal was signed by Palomar Health's CEO, Diane Hansen. The contract details a base salary close to million, with potential of earning bonuses, increasing that amount. Frontline workers argue that because COVID-19 led to an increase of patients, and layoffs of caregivers and nurses, "the board should have invested in resources and more protective equipment. Some of the PPE is not even medical grade, and everyone who's been laid off should be brought back," said representative for California's nurses association, Sarah Gurling. Gurling joined other reps and nurses in a protest at Palomar Medical Center, arguing funds should have been allocated towards other resources within their facilities."Caregivers and nurses are the heart of the hospital. We know what's best for patients and each other. The hospital executives and the Palomar board has lost sight of that." Meahwhile, Palomar's health board chair, Richard Engel, stands behind his decision. He said Hansen has done a tremendous job and credits much of the hospital's success through her work. Engel added her salary is comparable to other hospital's CEO's.Registered nurse, Sue Phillips, said their efforts will continue no matter what. "We want the community to know we're here, we're going to keep fighting for them." 1501