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ISLAMABAD, Jan. 1 (Xinhua) -- Pakistan and China on Saturday officially launched the Pakistan-China Friendship Year of 2011 in Islamabad, which will feature a year-long celebration to mark the 60th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries.Addressing a ceremony in the Pakistan-China Friendship Center, Pakistani Foreign Minister Shah Mahmood Qureshi said a series of events and activities will begin countrywide with the start of 2011, which was declared as the Year of Friendship by Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao and his Pakistani counterpart Yousuf Raza Gilani during Wen's visit to Pakistan in December.Qureshi termed the ceremony held in the friendship center as significant, saying the cultural complex itself, recently inaugurated by Wen and Gilani, is a symbol of the friendship between the two neighbors.Chinese Ambassador to Pakistan Liu Jian said the Chinese premier paid a successful and historic visit to Pakistan and the year of 2010 witnessed a continued, stable and vigorous growth of the strategic partnership of bilateral cooperation.Liu said China and Pakistan will hold a series of wonderful commemorative activities covering such fields as politics, economy, culture, education, sports, military and others in the new year.He believed that all the activities will further promote mutual understanding and brotherly friendship between the two peoples and bring the all-weather relations to a new high.At the ceremony, Pakistani Foreign Secretary Salman Bashir conveyed the congratulatory messages from Pakistani President Asif Ali Zardari and Prime Minister Yusuf Raza Gilani on the commencement of the Pakistan-China Friendship Year.

BEIJING, Dec. 16 (Xinhua) -- Chinese State Councilor Liu Yandong met here Thursday with experts of the International Evaluation Committee on National Natural Science Foundation (NSFC)'s Funding and Management Performance.The Chinese government attaches great importance to the development of science and technology as well as the supervision and management of scientific funding, said Liu.She said by implementing the National Outline for Medium and Long Term Science and Technology Development and other supporting policies, China was gradually increasing investment in this area and continuing to promote technological innovation.Inviting prestigious international experts to evaluate the performance of scientific funding and management is very significant for the founding of the performance evaluation system as well as the development and improvement of the scientific funding system, she said.Liu said the establishment of the scientific funding system was a successful trial for the reform of China's science and technology system.She praised the positive role played by the NSFC in the past 25 years and hoped the experts would provide objective analysis and evaluation on the NSFC's Funding and Management Performance.She also asked the NSFC and other relevant departments to create favorable conditions for the experts' evaluation work.

BEIJING, Jan. 12 (Xinhua) -- Traffic congestion has eased "obviously" in Beijing since authorities launched a string of new, stricter traffic rules and opened five new subway lines last month, a local transport official said Wednesday."On average, the duration of traffic jams has been reduced by more than two hours per day, from 3 hours and 55 minutes before the new year to the current 1 hour 45 minutes since Jan. 1," said Li Xiaosong, deputy director of the Beijing Municipal Committee of Communications.Li's committee has unveiled an index system of Beijing's traffic congestion, the first for the city.According to the system, 0-2 signified traffic was "smooth," 2-4 "generally smooth," 4-6 signalled "slight congestion," 6-8 "moderate congestion," and 8-10 "heavy congestion," Li said."Before the New Year, Beijing's congestion index usually stood above 8.2, but it has been 6 since Jan. 1," she said.Li attributed the improvement to the new traffic rules and subway lines.Massive traffic jams have long been a headache for Beijing, a city of 20 million people and 4.8 million vehicles. Last year, an average 2,000 new cars hit the city's streets every day.On Dec. 23, authorities in Beijing announced they will slash new car registrations to ease traffic gridlock. This year, the city will allow only 240,000 vehicles to be registered, about a third of the number of last year.Moreover, Beijing municipal government agencies and public institutions were prohibited from increasing the size of their vehicle fleets over the next five years.Other measures include higher parking fees in the city's central areas, and stricter traffic rules for cars registered outside Beijing.An odd-even license plate number system was introduced to allow cars to be driven every other day in peak hours in some congested areas.Beijing opened five new suburban subway lines on Dec. 30 with a combined length of 108 km, bringing the city's total number of subway lines to 14 and the total length to 336 km.Beijing was building more subway lines, Li said.The number of lines in the city would reach 19 by 2015. Then, their combined length would total 561 km. By 2020, the total subway length would increase to 1,000 km, she said."Developing public transport, especially rapid rail transit, is an important move for Beijing to ease traffic congestion and improve urban functionality," she said.Li Feng, who lives in Daxing, a suburban district in southern Beijing, told Xinhua Wednesday that he had felt the positive changes in Beijing's traffic."I used to drive at a speed of only 20 km per hour when I entered and left the city in the morning and evening rush hours, but now I can drive at 40 km per hour," he said.Yet many people are waiting to see the long-term effect of the measures as Beijing still faces pressure from the huge demand for private cars.The Beijing transport authority on Sunday revealed it had received 215,425 new car license applications, after this month's application period closed late Saturday night.But only a tenth of the applicants will get license plates this month, after a lottery is held on Jan. 26.

BEIJING, Jan. 10 (Xinhua) -- China and the United States agreed to avoid misunderstanding in developing military ties amid U.S. Defense Secretary Robert Gates' visit to Beijing to restore impaired high-level military exchanges.In their official talks on Monday, Chinese Defense Minister Liang Guanglie and Gates reached consensus on joint efforts to expand common interests, deepen dialogue and exchanges, and avoid misunderstanding and miscalculation to ensure military ties back on the sound track.They pledged to keep open the channel for exchange mechanism like defense and maritime security consultations between the two militaries."There are many areas where we have mutual interests and can work together, those disagreements are best dealt with through dialogue and discussions with one another," said Gates.Chinese Defense Minister Liang Guanglie (R) shakes hands with the visiting U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert Gates at a welcome ceremony in Beijing, capital of China, Jan. 10, 2011. His visit, which came ahead of Chinese President Hu Jintao's state visit to United States later this month, was one of the scheduled high-level contacts that were postponed after the Pentagon decided to sell a nearly 6.4-billion-U.S.-dollar arms package to Taiwan in January of 2010.While reaching agreements on developing resumed military exchanges, the Chinese defense chief warned that U.S. arms sale to Taiwan "jeopardizes China's core interests.""We do not want to see such things happen again. We do not want U.S. weapon sales to Taiwan to further damage the relationship between China and the United States and the two nations' armed forces," Liang told a press briefing.On a question on the development of China's military power, Liang rejected claims that China's military development is a threat, saying its weapons still lag far behind developed countries."China's military hardware development is to meet its sovereignty and security requirements and targets no other countries and poses no threat to others," said Liang.Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping, while meeting with Gates later on Monday, stressed "reliable political basis" for Sino-U.S. military ties, which have gone through ups and downs in the past years.Xi, also vice chairman of China's Central Military Commission, urged the two militaries to take measures to safeguard the "stable and reliable" political foundation, that is, mutual respect for sovereignty, security and development interests."China-U.S. military relationship, as an important part of bilateral ties, is a sensitive field with more complicated factors," said Xi, hoping military-to-military relations could move forward in a healthy and stable manner.Another Vice chairman of China's Central Military Commission Xu Caihou made a three-point proposal on developing China-U.S. military ties, in his meeting with Gates.Xu called on to respect and accommodate each other's core interest and major concern, to cultivate and increase strategic trust between the two armed forces, and to consolidate and expand common interests for both sides.Calling U.S.-China relations the "most important" bilateral ties in the world, Gates told Xu that his visit achieved "important progress" in building stable military ties between both countries.Gates said his country was expecting President Hu's state visit. Hu is due to meet with Gates on Tuesday."China-U.S. military exchanges plays an irreplaceable role in solving deeper differences between the two countries," said Zhu Feng, an researcher on China-U.S. relations with Peking University.He said the military contacts would greatly help to beef up strategic trust between China and the United States, and also influence public opinion.Gates will visit the command of the Second Artillery Force of the PLA on Wednesday. This is his second China trip since he took office in December 2006.

GENEVA, Nov. 30 (Xinhua) -- It is time for the Doha Development Round to begin to center around the Chair-led multilateral process and to come up with a revised text, Sun Zhenyu, the Chinese ambassador to the World Trade Organization (WTO), said on Tuesday at a WTO Trade Negotiation Committee meeting."Time is not with us," Sun said, stressing the need to "plan wisely" in the year ahead to seize the window of opportunity in 2011, which is recognized by both G20 and APEC leaders in early November.Sun commended progress generated from the "Cocktail Approach," which is made up of small-group informal discussions and brainstorming among the ambassadors, carried out throughout the last few months.The brainstorming "paves way for possible progress in quite a few areas such as development, rules and dispute settlement," the Chinese ambassador said."But after all, the brainstorming is not and could not replace negotiating sessions," he added, calling for intensified engagements to deliver the revised texts at the earliest time."One of the major achievements of the G20 Summit in Seoul is that leaders reaffirmed their strong commitment to the DDA and directed us as negotiators to engage in across-the-board negotiations to promptly bring the Doha Development Round to a conclusion," the Chinese ambassador said."Across-the-board trade-offs could have a better chance when we have the texts on the table," Sun noted.He also reiterated the stance on honoring the leaders' instructions through "respecting the mandate" and "building on the progress already achieved," in order to achieve a balanced and ambitious outcome.In his speech, Sun gave priority to development as the top outcome of the Doha Round."Above everything, it has to be development-oriented," he said, giving a clear message that China is in favor of addressing the concerns of the Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and Small Vulnerable Economies (SVEs) as a priority.