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BEIJING, Sept. 30 (Xinhuanet) -- Miners, construction workers and people in hotel and food service industry are most likely to smoke in the U.S., according to new research finding.The finding was contained in a report released Thursday by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).According to the finding, miners and people in hotel and food service have a cigarette smoking rate of 30 percent, followed closely by construction workers' 29.7 percent.Both rates are much higher than the average smoking rate of 19.6 percent among all U.S. working adults.Workers in the education services industry have the lowest smoking rate, with 9.7 percent, followed by the 10.9 percent of workers in company management, the report said.Low education levels are a factor in high smoking rates, along with poverty and gender, said Ann Malarcher, senior scientific adviser at the CDC."Although some progress has been made in reducing smoking prevalence among working adults," the report wrote, "additional effective employer interventions need to be implemented."Smoking kills an estimated 443,000 each year in the U.S., costing about 193 billion U.S. dollars annually in direct health care expenses and productivity loss.

BEIJING, Jan. 17 (Xinhuanet) -- India has reported the first case of "totally drug-resistant tuberculosis," a long-feared and virtually untreatable form of the killer lung disease.Similar highly resistant cases have been noted before. In 2003, two Italian women died and there were 15 cases reported from Iran in 2009. That same year, The Associated Press reported on a case of a Peruvian teenager who was infected at home but diagnosed while visiting Florida.Such kind of TB has mostly been limited to impoverished areas, and has not spread widely. But experts believe there could be many undocumented cases.No one expects the Indian TB strains to rapidly spread elsewhere.The airborne disease is mainly transmitted through close personal contact and isn't nearly as contagious as the flu. Indeed, most of the cases of this kind of TB were not from person-to-person infection but were mutations that occurred in poorly treated patients.The Indian hospital that saw the initial cases tested a dozen medicines and none of them worked. A TB expert at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said they do appear to be totally resistant to available drugs."It is concerning," said Dr. Kenneth Castro, director of the CDC's Division of Tuberculosis Elimination. "Anytime we see something like this, we better get on top of it before it becomes a more widespread problem."Ordinary TB is easily cured by taking antibiotics for six to nine months. However, if that treatment is interrupted or the dose is cut down, the stubborn bacteria battle back and mutate into a tougher strain that can no longer be killed by standard drugs. The disease becomes harder and more expensive to treat.Tuberculosis is an age-old scourge that lies dormant in an estimated one in three people. About 10 percent of those people eventually develop active TB, which kills roughly 2 million a year, according to WHO. Each victim infects an average of 10 to 15 others every year, typically through sneezing or coughing.If a TB case is found to be resistant to the two most powerful anti-TB drugs, the patient is classified as having multi-drug-resistant TB (MDR). An even worse classification of TB — one the WHO accepts — is extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR), a form of the disease that was first reported in 2006 and is virtually resistant to all drugs.About 20 percent of the world's multi-drug-resistant cases were found in India, which is home to a quarter of all types of tuberculosis cases worldwide.

RIYADH, Jan. 15 (Xinhua) -- Visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao and Saudi Arabia's King and Prime Minister Abdullah bin Abdul-Aziz agreed on Sunday to make concerted efforts to enhance bilateral relations under a strategic framework.In their meeting, Premier Wen said Saudi Arabia is a major country in the Arab and Islamic world, which plays a significant role in regional and international affairs.He said China respects Saudi Arabia's political system, development mode as well as its culture and traditions, and is grateful for Saudi Arabia's understanding of and support for China regarding the latter's core interests and major concerns.As the world is undergoing profound changes, China is willing to strengthen coordination with Saudi Arabia on major issues, develop an all-around cooperative partnership in the energy sector, expand cooperation in trade, investment, infrastructure, high-tech, finance, security and law enforcement, so as to enrich the contents of the bilateral relations, he added.King Abdullah said that the government and people of Saudi Arabia cherish friendly feelings for China, and that he believes the strengthening of bilateral cooperation will benefit peoples of both countries.The Saudi king proposed setting up a Saudi Arabia-China high level committee to supervise the two countries' cooperation in the political, economic, cultural and security sectors. Premier Wen agreed with this proposal.On the situation in West Asia and North Africa, the visiting Chinese premier said China respect the choice of the peoples in those countries, understand and support their appeal for reforms, and back the role of regional bodies like the Arab League in maintaining stability.For his part, King Abdullah noted it was the objective of Saudi Arabia's foreign policy to maintain regional peace and stability. Saudi Arabia and China enjoy a high level of mutual trust and share similar views on many issues, he said, adding that the Saudi side wishes to step up consultation and coordination with China.Premier Wen has also met with top Saudi leaders, Secretary General of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu, and Secretary General of the Gulf Cooperation Council Abdullatif al-Zayani.In a joint statement, the two sides hailed Premier Wen's visit to Saudi Arabia as a complete success, which will contribute to their long-term friendly cooperative relations.The statement said both countries were satisfied with the progress made in bilateral cooperation, and pledged to further enhance relations within the framework of strategic relationship, so as to benefit the two peoples and contribute to regional and world peace, stability and development.The two countries agreed in the document to conduct more high-level exchanges of visits, and to expand trade, investment and cooperation in a wide range of areas. The Saudi side also reiterated its adherence to the one-China policy.Wen arrived in Saudi Arabia Saturday evening after an official visit to Nepal.After his stay in Saudi Arabia, the Chinese leader will continue his visit to the United Arab Emirates and Qatar.

BEIJING, Sept. 30 (Xinhuanet) -- The number of children being prescribed stimulants to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been steadily rising in the U.S. since 1996, researchers found.The finding was contained in a report released Wednesday in the U.S. medical journal Psychiatry.About 7.8 percent of children aged 4 to 17 in 2003 were diagnosed with ADHD, compared to 9.5 percent in 2007, according to the data gathered from the Health Resources and Services Administration's National Survey of Children's Health.And compared to 0.6 percent in 1987, 2.9 percent of children under 19 in 2002 have been prescribed stimulants, the report said.The finding raises the researchers' concern as stimulants have side effects such as decreased appetite, leeplessness and even heart-related damage, the report warned."Stimulant medications work well to control ADHD symptoms, but they are only one method of treatment for the condition. Experts estimate that about 60 percent of children with ADHD are treated with medication." says researcher Benedetto Vitiello, MD, of the U.S. National Institute of Mental Health."There is ongoing concern that these drugs may not be used properly, especially when they are prescribed to college students or children in their late adolescence who are more in charge of their care and may not be using the medications as prescribed." he added.

BEIJING/CHONGQING, Oct. 16 (Xinhua) -- A team of Chinese and American scientists have discovered the world's only evidence of co-existing human beings and dinosaur tracks in a remote county in southwest China's Chongqing Municipality, according to a paper published Saturday in the Geological Bulletin of China, a Chinese core academic journal.Qijiang County's Lianhua Baozhai, which means "Lotus Mountain Fortress" in Chinese, has a large number of dinosaur tracks as well as a well-preserved fortress and historical epigraph, forming a direct line of evidence that ancient Chinese people built a residence and lived there for a long time, said Xing Lida, one of three researchers with the project as well as a doctoral degree candidate with the Department of Biological Sciences of the University of Alberta in Canada.Chinese people could have lived here for more than 700 years, and the mud cracks, ripple marks and duck-billed dinosaur tracks were considered by them to be lotus leaf veins, water environment and lotus, respectively, which is why they named it the Lotus Mountain Fortress, Xing Lida told Xinhua."Research shows that dinosaur tracks impacted ancient Chinese place names and folklore, so place names and folklore can be major clues for us in tracing dinosaur tracks," Xing said.According to the paper, the Lotus Mountain Fortress dinosaur tracks, the largest track group of cretaceous dinosaurs in southwestern China, contains 350 to 400 footprints that had been preserved in many ways, including concave footprints, convex footprints and multilayered footprints.