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SAN DIEGO (CNS) - For yet another week, San Diego County avoided the fate of dropping into the dreaded purple tier of California's coronavirus monitoring system, with an adjusted case rate of 6.5 new daily COVID-19 cases per 100,000 population.While the county's unadjusted case rate is 7.4 per 100,000 -- enough to be in the most restrictive purple tier, which has a floor of 7 per 100,000 -- the high volume of tests the county is able to perform daily allows for an adjustment from the state. This adjustment has kept the county in the red tier for several weeks, saving it from having to shut down nearly all non-essential indoor businesses.The state data, which is updated every Tuesday, reflects the previous week's case data to determine where counties stand in the state's four-tiered reopening system.San Diego County did show modest improvement, dropping 0.4 from last week's unadjusted case rate of 7.8. The testing positivity rate continued an upward trend, rising 0.2% from last week to reach 3.5%, but remains low enough for this metric to remain in the orange tier. If a county reports statistics meeting metrics in a higher tier for two consecutive weeks, it will move into that more restrictive tier for a minimum of three weeks.The state's health equity metric, which looks at the testing positivity for areas with the lowest healthy conditions, dropped from 5.5% to 5.1% and entered the orange tier. This metric does not move counties backward to more restrictive tiers, but is required to advance.County health officials reported 269 new COVID-19 infections and seven deaths Tuesday, bringing the case total to 55,210 and the death toll to 877.Five men and two women died between Oct. 22 and Oct. 25, with one death occurring July 19. Their ages ranged from early 60s to mid-80s. All had underlying medical conditions.Of the 10,456 tests reported Tuesday, 3% returned positive, bringing the 14-day rolling average percentage of positive cases to 2.7%. The 7-day daily average of tests is 11,173.Two new community outbreaks were confirmed Tuesday, one in a daycare and one in a business. In the past seven days, 24 community outbreaks were confirmed. A community outbreak is defined as three or more COVID-19 cases in a setting and in people of different households over the past 14 days.Of all cases, 3,875 -- or 7% -- have required hospitalization. And 898 -- or 1.6% -- of all cases and 23.2% of hospitalized cases had to be admitted to an intensive care unit.All students at San Diego State University, meanwhile, remained under a stay-at-home advisory announced Thursday. The advisory began at 6 p.m. Friday and will run through Nov. 2 at 6 a.m. University officials said the move was made to discourage students from participating in Halloween events where physical distancing cannot be done. Students are advised to stay home unless they have an essential need.As of Tuesday afternoon, the university has had a total of 1,257 COVID- 19 cases since the fall semester began, including 421 among students living on-campus, 807 among students living off-campus, 16 among faculty and staff and 13 among "visitors" -- defined as someone who has had exposure with an SDSU- affiliated individual.UC San Diego announced Monday night that, as a result of viral shedding, it had detected COVID-19 in wastewater in the Revelle College area between 11:30 a.m. Saturday and 9:45 a.m. Monday.The virus is shed from the gastrointestinal tract and is present in feces early in the infection. UCSD has the ability to identify the virus in wastewater, even before someone tests positive.The college advised anyone who used the restroom near the Revelle College area between those dates and times to get tested for COVID-19 out of an abundance of caution.Less than a week after fully reopening its schools, the Vista Unified School District reported four additional COVID-19 cases Monday, including two Mission Vista High School students, one Roosevelt Middle School student and one Alamosa Park Elementary School student.On Tuesday, the district confirmed two additional cases -- one at Mission Meadows Elementary School and one at Alamosa Park Elementary School.According to the district's COVID-19 safety dashboard, it has recorded 10 cases since Sept. 8, with six of those coming after Oct. 20.The VUSD Board voted Tuesday to shut down at least one campus for two weeks starting Thursday as a result of the rising cases. At least 400 students and nearly two dozen staff members have been ordered to quarantine.Mission Vista High School will move to distance learning for at least two weeks starting Thursday, while Alta Vista High School and Roosevelt Middle School also face potential closures. 4713

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - Murder and robbery charges were filed Friday against two young men who prosecutors allege are responsible for the death of a Rancho Bernardo teen who was run over by a car in a drug robbery gone wrong.Angel Ramirez, 19, and Joshua Benjamin, 20, are accused in the March 7, 2019, death of a 16-year-old boy identified in court papers only as Christian H.Deputy District Attorney Christina Eastman alleges the defendants -- who entered not guilty pleas -- robbed the victim and, in the process of fleeing the scene, ran over the boy's head with their vehicle.RELATED: Arrest made in death of teen found in Rancho Bernardo streetAccording to the prosecutor, the victim had sought to purchase 0 worth of narcotics from Ramirez, who traveled with Benjamin to the teen's home in the 16800 block of Cresta Drive. When the teen handed his money to Ramirez, who was sitting in the backseat, Benjamin sped away, she alleged.Eastman said the victim hung onto the open rear car window in an attempt to get the drugs or his money back. Ramirez allegedly punched the teen in the face and pried his fingers from the car window, causing him to fall into the street, where his head was run over by the vehicle, she said.Prosecutors declined to comment on how they connected the men to the boy's death.RELATED: Man found dead in middle of Rancho Bernardo streetEastman said both men were awaiting sentencing on unrelated criminal cases at the time. Ramirez was on supervised release in an assault with a deadly weapon case, in which he pleaded guilty to slicing his father with a knife and striking him several times with a baseball bat, she said, while Benjamin was awaiting sentencing on a misdemeanor domestic violence case involving his girlfriend.The defendants, who each face 25 years to life in state prison if convicted in the murder case, were taken into custody Wednesday and are both being held on million bail.Ramirez is due back in court Jan. 23 for a bail review hearing, and both defendants have a Jan. 29 status conference date. 2058

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - Just after midnight, a full rail closure between Oceanside and San Diego to accommodate work along the passenger and freight rail line will go into effect and continue until 5 a.m. Monday.The closure will affect four rail services operating on the San Diego segment of the Los Angeles-San Diego-San Luis Obispo Rail Corridor: North County Transit District COASTER, Metrolink, Amtrak and the freight carrier BNSF.On Monday, riders are encouraged to plan for increased travel time as trains could be delayed.Full rail closures are routinely scheduled to advance rail construction and ensure worker safety. During the upcoming closure, construction activities are planned for the Del Mar Bluffs Stabilization project and the Mid-Coast Trolley project.In Del Mar, stabilization work continues on the bluffs. Crews will weld and test tieback anchors along previously placed support columns and pour concrete for retaining wall installation on the upper bluffs near 12th Street. Crews will also place concrete panels along previously installed support columns and backfill the area on the upper bluffs north of Torrey Pines State Beach.Officials said the Del Mar Bluffs Stabilization 4 project to repair drainage infrastructure and stabilize portions of the 1.6 miles of coastal bluffs is scheduled to be complete this fall.In San Diego, ongoing construction activities are planned throughout the Mid-Coast Trolley corridor. Crews will perform improvements to the surface of the trolley tracks, including tamping the rail -- a process that secures the rail to avoid misalignment once in use.The Mid-Coast Trolley project will extend UC San Diego Blue Line Trolley service from the Santa Fe Depot in Downtown San Diego north to the University area and is anticipated to be complete by late 2021.During all construction, nearby residents and businesses can expect intermittent noise and lights. 1912

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - Four local restaurants and gyms are suing the state and county over its coronavirus restrictions as a shutdown of indoor operations takes effect for many county businesses.The lawsuit was filed Thursday in San Diego Superior Court on behalf of Cowboy Star Restaurant and Butcher Shop, Home & Away Encinitas, Fit Athletic Club and Bear Republic.The suit comes as San Diego County is slated to shut down indoor operations for nonessential businesses at midnight Saturday due to its recent entry into the most restrictive, purple tier of the state's coronavirus reopening plan.The businesses allege that San Diego's increased case numbers are not a result of exposures at restaurants, gyms and other types of businesses that will be impacted by the impending closures. The lawsuit cites recent figures indicating restaurants/bars, retail businesses, places of worship, schools and gyms make up a small percentage of confirmed community outbreaks.San Diego County Public Health Officer Dr. Wilma Wooten recently submitted an adjudication request to the state seeking to have San Diego County remain in the red tier. The request was rejected by the state last week.``Penalizing the impacted sectors for case increases is wrong, as these sectors continue to do the right things, while trying to weather the ongoing pandemic and the back forth of reopenings,'' Wooten's request states.The businesses allege in their complaint that they may be forced to shut down permanently if the shutdown is not averted. Each business said it has had to undergo significant closures due to the pandemic, despite abiding by public health orders and implementing safety measures to remain in compliance with the orders. 1726

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - According to research published Friday by UC San Diego School of Medicine and San Diego State University researchers, the risk of contracting COVID-19 from handling trick-or-treat candy that has been in contact with a coronavirus-positive person is minimal, but not zero.In the study published Friday in the journal mSystems, the researchers analyzed the viral load on Halloween candy handled by patients with COVID-19.SARS-CoV-2, the virus which causes the illness COVID-19, is primarily transmitted by respiratory droplets and aerosols. The risk of infection by touching fomites -- objects or surfaces upon which viral particles have landed and persist -- is relatively low, according to multiple studies, even when fomites are known to have been exposed to the novel coronavirus. Nonetheless, the risk is not zero."The main takeaway is that although the risk of transmission of SARS- CoV-2 by surfaces -- including candy wrappers -- is low, it can be reduced even further by washing your hands with soap before handling the candy and washing the candy with household dishwashing detergent afterwards," said co-senior author Rob Knight, professor and director of the Center for Microbiome Innovation at UCSD."The main risk is interacting with people without masks, so if you are sharing candy, be safe by putting it in dish where you can wave from six feet away," he said.As San Diego County heads into a Halloweekend, public health officials are urging members of the public to practice COVID-19 protocols -- including avoiding large gatherings such as Halloween parties and door-to-door trick-or-treating."These activities involve face-to-face interactions with people from different households," said Dr. Wilma Wooten, the county's public health officer. "If a COVID-19 infection is detected among a participant, it will be very difficult to find and notify those who may have been exposed."These traditional Halloween celebrations are not advised, and large gatherings are not allowed under state or local health guidance. The county has reported dozens of community outbreaks in the past week.For their study, the researchers enrolled 10 recently diagnosed COVID- 19 patients who were asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic and asked them to handle Halloween candy under three different conditions: Normally with unwashed hands, normally with washed hands and extensive handling while deliberately coughing.The candy was then divided into two treatments -- no post-handling washing and washed with household dishwashing detergent -- followed by analyses using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, the same technology used to diagnose COVID-19 infections in people, and a second analytical platform that can conduct tests on larger samples more quickly and cheaply. Both produced similar findings.On candies not washed post-handling, researchers detected SARS-CoV-2 on 60% of the samples that had been deliberately coughed on and on 60% of the samples handled normally with unwashed hands. However, the virus was detected on only 10% of the candies handled after handwashing.The dishwashing detergent was effective for reducing the viral RNA on candies, with reducing the viral load by 62.1 percent.The researchers had also planned to test bleach, but noted that bleach sometimes leaked through some of the candy wrappers, making it unsafe for this type of cleaning use.The study authors underscored that the likely risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from candy is low, even if handled by someone with a COVID-19 infection, but it can be reduced to near-zero if the candy is handled only by people who have first washed their hands and if it is washed with household dishwashing detergent for approximately a minute after collection.Knight led the study with Forest Rohwer, viral ecologist at San Diego State University, and Dr. Louise Laurent, professor at UC San Diego School of Medicine. 3937