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CHICAGO, Ill. -- Historical housing practices in the U.S. have put many communities of color at a disadvantage. It’s not necessarily due to individuals being racist. It’s due to housing policies nearly a century ago that still affects people of color today, otherwise known as systemic racism.Chicago is a classic example of a city that’s still very segregated. Marketta Sims was born and raised in Chicago. She lost her mother at 14, was incarcerated for more than a decade, and upon being released, she became homeless.“Homelessness is mentally, physically, spiritually, emotionally draining,” Sims said.Sims says she was on the streets for a year and a half.“What’s my meal for the day? What am I going to wear? How am I going to take a bath?" Sims said. "And then people look at you like ‘oh, they just want to be lazy.' Some people actually have jobs and be actually homeless. And work like I did. I worked, and still was homeless.”Sims joined a program through a homeless shelter, moved into transitional housing and now she lives in an apartment with her fiancé. However, it wasn’t easy. She says it took a lot of hard work and determination to get there.“They make sure that you have to jump through all type of loopholes to get to housing,” Sims said.To understand the disadvantages people of color face currently, we must understand what was going on in the housing realm back in the 1930s. Kendra Freeman is the director of community engagement with the Metropolitan Planning Council in Chicago. The Metropolitan Planning Council is a planning and policy-change not-for-profit organization founded in 1934 to improve housing conditions in the city of Chicago. It was also in the 1930s that a practice called "redlining" made its way across the nation.“Redlining was an intentional process that was used by the real estate industry and the financing industry to really color-code communities and steer where lending happened," Freeman said. "So essentially if you’re in a majority black community or community of color, typically those were colored red and rated as undesirable high-risk neighborhoods.”Think of it as a stop light. Green meant it was a good community to invest in, blue meant it was fairly good, yellow meant you should take a step back and red was deemed hazardous. A lender or government agency was able to make decisions on who gets a mortgage and who doesn’t by looking at the maps and experts say it was a discriminatory practice based on the race and ethnicity of people who lived in a certain neighborhood.“It’s all remarkably racist,” Dr. Robert Nelson at the University of Richmond said.Dr. Robert Nelson is the director of Digital Scholarship Lab at the University of Richmond which has been working to develop an atlas of U.S. history. One project is called Mapping Inequality and shows how cities in the U.S. were broken up.It wasn’t just Black communities. Other minorities were singled out as well: Syrian, Japanese, Latino, Polish, and even Jewish. Dr. Nelson says it’s important to note redlining was a federal program produced by the federal government with federal oversight and it nationalized lending practice standards.“These are not maps that were just produced by banks that had discriminatory lending practices," Dr. Nelson said. "This is the federal government saying discriminatory racist lending policies is best practice in the industry.”Dr. Nelson says money was channeled to white, middle-class families, causing inter-generational wealth. In other words, they were able to build wealth and pass it on as inheritance to their kids.“Typically in America the way that you build wealth is through home ownership and real estate," Freeman said. "So when you look back to my grandfather, your grandfather and their ability to buy a home, and traditionally you get a job, buy a home, you raise a family and you build equity in that home – and you can use that equity to do things like send your kids to college or invest in a business, or help your grandchildren with a down payment for their first home.”Even though redlining became illegal through the Fair Housing Act of 1968, Co-Executive Director Giana Baker with the Chicago Area Fair Housing Alliance says decades of the practice contributed to racial disparities we see now and the disinvestment in Black communities for generations is clear.“If we take those same maps in that era that were created through the Home Owner Loans Corporation, those same communities on the west and south sides are communities where they have a rich legacy in the people who live there, but we also see that those are the communities that there are food deserts where there may not be grocery stores,” Baker said.Baker says even she is impacted.“In the community that I live in – which is a suburb outside of Chicago, but it is a predominantly Black suburb that has been disinvested – my house does not have the same value that it would have if I was just one neighborhood over.”There’s no easy solution to eliminating barriers of housing for people. Baker says her organization is advocating for everyone to have equal access to affordable housing, meaning people would be able to pay their rent and still have money left over for groceries, childcare and medical expenses.According to Freeman, the first step in American society should be shifting perceptions so people of color are seen as human beings with an equitable opportunity for housing and wealth. Then comes programs – like the one that helped Sims find housing – but what will make the most difference is a change in policy.“We can do things to help improve conditions through programs, but if you don’t get to the core of changing policy that holds those inequities in place, then you’re not changing the problem,” Freeman said.Changing policy is part of the work Freeman and her team is trying to do at Metropolitan Planning Council. However, she says it will take everyone to do the hard work of structural change.“Know that housing is a human right," Sims said. "I will stand and I will fight.” 6061

CAMPO, Calif. (KGTV) -- A homeowner was injured in a house fire that tore through a home in Campo Thursday afternoon. Cal Fire says the man received burns on his feet and shoulder. The injuries are considered minor. According to Cal Fire, the blaze started around 5 p.m. on the 33000 block of Highway 94. Video from Sky10 shows the home completely engulfed in flames. The fire in rural Campo quickly spread to nearby brush as it burned through the home, leaving nothing by the fireplace standing. Cal Fire says the fire burned less than half an acre. At this time, it’s unclear what started the fire. 609

CHARLESTON, SC -- Jacob Kosinski has a lot to celebrate after graduating from his Christian-based home-school program summa cum laude with a 4.89 grade-point average. His mom, Cara Koscinski planned a graduation party for her 18-year-old son and ordered a cake from Publix for the big occasion. Koscinski ordered the cake online and provided the information she wanted on the cake. She wanted it to say "Congrats Jacob! Summa Cum Laude class of 2018." When she typed the message into the cake message option, the Publix website didn't' like the middle word in the phrase.The website put three hyphens in its place, so the finished cake read "Congrats Jacob! Summa --- Laude, class of 2018."Koscinski explained the meaning of the word in the special instructions box on the website and ordered the cake. She even pointed out that "the system is mistaking the word 'cum' for something inappropriate vs. Latin."Koscinski sent her husband to pick up the cake before the celebration, and when he returned from the store, the lines remained in place of "Cum." Koscinski shared her frustration on Facebook and said her son, Jacob, "was humiliated!!!" "Shame on Publix for turning an innocent Latin phrase into a total embarrassment for having to explain to my son and others (including my 70-year-old mother) about this joke of a cake."Koscinski called Publix and explained the situation to the assistant manager. Publix offered to give them a replacement cake but Cara declined. Instead, the grocery store gave Cara a refund for the cake and a store gift card.  1608

CHICAGO, Ill. – So far this year, the coronavirus pandemic has cut international tourism in half. But one Chicago mom decided she would take her family globetrotting anyway without an airplane.High school English teacher Lynn Gilbertsen says remote learning got her two young children, 6-year-old Max and 3-year-old Beth, interested in far-off places.“They'd started to ask lots of lots of questions about all the countries and you know they know all the continents,” said Gilbertsen.But with COVID-19 grounding true world exploration, she opted for a different approach.“It occurred to me that we could do something where we could go places instead of being stuck in our house,” said Gilbertsen.She started with a list of landmarks and monuments that could stand in for the real thing.That included places like a golf course Eiffel Tower for France, a Hindu temple and Taj Mahal mural for India, and a public park with a statue of Athena helped them learn about Greece.“I wanted to feel like it does when you travel, where you get to really immerse yourself in wherever you are for a little while,” said Gilbertsen.All of her travel destinations are within an hour of her Chicago home.For their visit to Italy, they chose the Leaning Tower of Pisa. In actuality, it’s a half-scale replica attached to a suburban YMCA.Another favorite was an architectural scavenger hunt for pagoda-inspired structures in Chinatown.“It seems to me like such low hanging fruit. But they loved going to Chinatown,” she said. “If you ask them what their favorite country is that we visited. They're like, ‘oh China.’”Along the way, they sample international cuisine.“I think it's hitting a lot of the sort of social, emotional pieces about why we learn about the world and why we study other people and other cultures,” said Gilbertsen.And of course they take a selfie to document each trip.Lynn’s husband, Joe Troutman, an elementary visual arts teacher says absent actual travel, this is an activity that any family can do anywhere.“I think this is our eighth or ninth country and our study so far,” said Troutman. “So, it's been quite a journey in its own right.”Gilbertsen has posted their international adventures online and is getting inundated with requests to share her ideas. Right now, she’s working on a curriculum and PDF guide to virtual travel.Her ultimate goal is to help her children become good citizens of the world.“I want them to have a broader understanding of the world younger. I think you have a lot of catching up to do if you're an adult and you're finally figuring out that the world is really big.” 2614

CARLSBAD, Calif. (KGTV) - Wednesday kids tried out for the reboot of Kids Say the Darndest Things during a casting call at Legoland.Some families were selected as they entered or left Legoland, while other families sought out the try-outs.Representatives say hundreds of children were interviewed to see if they are a good fit for the national show, hosted by Tiffany Haddish.The kids, age 4-11, waited in a tent with their parents to be called in. "They come in and let it go and it is just the most hilarious thing ever," Casting Producer Cevin Middleton said. In the tent, we asked a few of the kids random questions and hilarity ensued."I'm funny!!!" Aliyah said. She was very concerned about putting on the microphone for the interview, saying she thought she might get "electrified." When asked where she would go if she could travel anywhere in the world, she said she would go to China for limited edition Shopkins.One little boy jumped into an interview saying emphatically, "I like to fight with them! [You like to fight with dragons?] Yeah, like that little dragon over there," he said pointing."I was the leader of my friends and then when I'm going to leave to somewhere else I picked one of my friends to be the leader of the other girls," seven-year-old Lila said. She and her dad were in town from the Bay Area having fun at Legoland when they found out about the tryouts."[What do you think is the coolest imaginary creature?] Probably a unicorn because they can fly, they can do magic and their poop is ice cream," Xayla said her dad told her unicorns poop ice cream.In all the silliness, there were a few gems, "I like to dance mostly, it calms my nerve down mostly and it helps me with my stress," Ariannah said she stressed about not being able to do something."I want to show other kids that even though you say you can't dance, like you can do it... dance comes from your heart and your passion," she said she dances and helps her sister dance to get through difficult times.The first episode of Kids Say the Darndest Things will air this Fall on ABC. 2082