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The race for a COVID-19 vaccine appears to be on the horizon. But without large numbers of Americans getting the vaccine, the notion of herd immunity could be a challenge. Some are pondering whether people should be required to get a vaccine.Coronavirus cases are spiking across most of the country. Hospital ICU beds are becoming scarce, and a number of states are warning of potential lockdowns.“If they don’t start to bend this curve, then it is clear that we’re going to have to take more difficult measures and go to a stay-at-home order,” said Illinois Governor JB Pritzker.But there was some good news this week. Pfizer concluded phase three of its vaccine study. The two-shot course they say is 95 percent effective against COVID-19. Earlier in the week, Moderna said its vaccine is 94.5 percent effective.“Based upon the preliminary data that is out there, these vaccines appear to be quite safe and very, very effective at preventing COVID,” said Dr. Tina Tan, a professor of infectious disease at Northwestern University’s Feinberg School of Medicine and a pediatrician at the Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital in Chicago.If green-lit by the FDA, one question that may arise is whether Americans should be mandated to get vaccinated. In August, Dr. Anthony Fauci weighed in.“You don’t want to mandate and try and force anyone to take the vaccine. We’ve never done that,” said Fauci.According to a Pew Research survey in September, about half of U.S. adults (49 percent) said they definitely or probably would not get vaccinated. That was up from 27 percent in May.“I think it's going to be really important to build public trust before we talk about mandating vaccines for adults or even for children,” said Tan.Tan points out that none of the vaccines have been tested in children, and so, school mandated vaccinations could be years away.Still, legal scholars say local vaccine mandates have historically had solid legal precedent for enforcement for more than a century.“The short answer is yes, a vaccine can be mandated under the law,” said Juliet Sorensen, a professor of health and human rights at Northwestern University’s Pritzker School of Law.Sorensen says it’s still a complex question, not just about whether a vaccine can be mandated, but whether it should be.“The Constitution empowers state and local governments to take measures in furtherance of the public health as long as there is a basis in science for doing so,” she explained.And while few are endorsing a vaccination mandate right now, as the death toll climbs without universal mask-wearing and social distancing, it could be up for further debate. 2655

The impact of the Latino vote, the issues that are front and center and the effort to get out the vote. The 2020 election marks the first time that Latinos will be the largest racial or ethnic minority in the electorate, with 32 million eligible voters. – Source Pew Research Institute.Join us on Wednesday, Oct. 14, at 9:30 a.m. as we discuss the impact Latino voters will have on upcoming election. Nancy Maldonado, CEO of the Chicano Federation of San Diego will join our “Ask the Experts Series.” You can join us at 9:30 a.m. for the conversation on our ABC 10News Facebook page. 591

The last year has been a challenging one for New York City, which was among the hardest hit areas in the world for coronavirus cases.Months after a spring surge of cases, schools closed and hospitals filled with coronavirus patients this week, as life is struggling to return to normal. One sign life isn’t back to normal is that next week’s Macy’s Thanksgiving Day Parade will be held without spectators.In honor of the front-line workers keeping New York City safe and healthy, Macy’s has decorated its storefront at its flagship store in Midtown Manhattan with the theme "Give, Love and Believe."The tradition of decorating the storefront dates back 146 years. Macy’s installed social distancing markers in front of the mural to space onlookers.The storefront is part of a broader theme of philanthropy at all Macy’s locations throughout the United States.All Macy’s locations will have a red mailbox where children can address letters to Santa. For each letter received by Macy’s addressed to Santa, the retailer will donate , up to million, to the Make-a-Wish Foundation.“Believe is a special moment for the Macy’s family each year,” said Lauren Anania, Macy’s Director of Cause Execution. “As we celebrate the wonder of giving, we feel privileged to support Make-A-Wish in its quest to grant the wishes of children in need. We are proud of the passion that our colleagues bring and grateful to our customers for turning this program into a tradition of endless generosity and community through the collection of millions of letters over the last 11 years.” 1575

The NFL announced Monday evening that it has officially canceled its entire preseason schedule as the league prepares for the start of training camp.The announcement comes after the league and players reached an agreement late last week on health and safety procedures amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Among them, players have the ability to opt out of the upcoming season due to coronavirus concerns.Unlike the NBA, MLS and NHL, the NFL currently plans on games in home venues.As the aforementioned leagues have kept players in so-called “bubbles,” the MLB has been holding games in home stadiums. But on Monday, several MLB contests were called off after an outbreak of COVID-19 cases were reported among Miami Marlins players. It’s unclear how many games will be forced to be suspended, but guidelines call for those who come in close contact with confirmed COVID-19 patients to quarantine for 14 days. MLB has not said if the rest of the Marlins roster will be forced to sit out for two weeks.“In the months since the COVID-19 pandemic turned the world upside down, we have navigated the time carefully, thoughtfully and in partnership with the NFL Players Association with a shared goal of playing a healthy and complete 2020 season,” NFL commissioner Roger Goodell said in a statement. “This process has not been easy -- COVID-19 will continue to present a major challenge to nearly every area of American life. Football is no exception.”The preseason generally consists of four games per team, which span through the month of August. While the games are largely unimportant for teams as a whole, they serve as a proving ground for players fighting for roster spots.. 1676

The race for the White House has reached its final week, and millions of Americans have already gone to the polls to cast a ballot in the 2020 presidential election.On Wednesday, a number of national and state polls were released. In general, Joe Biden is leading Donald Trump in national polls, but battleground polls show a tightening race. A CNN poll of likely voters released Wednesday afternoon showed Biden leading Trump 54-42 in the popular vote, which is slightly tighter than the 57-41 advantage the CNN poll had for Biden in early October.Another poll, one conducted by the Economist/YouGov, showed Biden leading by 11%. Emerson released its poll on Wednesday showing Biden with a 5% edge. But one poll, the Rasmussen poll, shows Trump actually ahead nationally by 1%. Polls by Rasmussen have generally been more favorable than other national polls.One national poll released on Tuesday, conducted by CNBC, had Biden up 51-40.State pollingNo matter the margin of the popular vote, the number that matters the most is reaching 270 Electoral College votes. And in that respect, Biden is leading in the polls, but his leads in battleground states is much more fragile than his standing in the national polls.In Wisconsin, a poll released on Wednesday by Marquette gave Biden a 48-43 edge. An ABC News/Washington Post poll of Wisconsin gave Biden a much larger lead of 17%, which is a bit of an outlier from other polls of the state.In Michigan, Biden held a 51-44 lead in the ABC News/Washington Post poll while he led Trump in the New York Times/Sienna poll 49-41 on Wednesday.In North Carolina, the race was a statistical tie with Biden’s advantage well within the margin of error in Wednesday’s Civitas/Harper poll.In Georgia, Biden leads 50-46 in the Monmouth poll.In recent days, polling in Arizona, Florida and Iowa have generally been within the margin of error. Biden has held a very narrow lead in Pennsylvania.Comparing 2020 to 2016The landscape of the race six days out is somewhat similar to the 2016 race.One key difference is Clinton’s lead in national polls was generally smaller than Biden’s lead. The final CNN poll, which was released two weeks before the election, gave Clinton a 5% edge. The final CNBC poll gave Clinton a lead of 9%. But other reputable polls, such as the CBS News Poll, were more narrow. The CBS News poll gave Clinton just a 3% edge. Clinton ended up winning the popular vote by 2%.Battleground state polls generally were off by a margin of 5%, which is normal in a presidential election. What made things abnormal was those polling errors were just enough to flip the election for Trump in a number of states.In Michigan, a Detroit Free Press poll released a week before the election showed Clinton up by 4 percent. She ended up losing by .2 percent.In Pennsylvania, polls generally gave Clinton a modest lead. Her lead in the final CNN poll was 5 percent a week before the election. She ended up losing by 1 percent.Wisconsin was another state Trump won by about .5%. He trailed Clinton in the Marquette poll by 6% in the final days before the election. Compared to 2016, his deficit in the Marquette poll is slimmer in 2016 than it is currently.On the flip side, polling in Nevada did not suggest a Clinton win. A CNN poll had Trump up 51-46 just days before the election. Clinton won the state by 2%.What is conclusive in pollingWhile predicting a winner in the presidential election might be a challenge based on polls, they can give an insight on what voters are thinking.One clear difference in the polls is based on gender. Wednesday’s CNN poll gave Biden a 61-37 lead among women, while Trump won with men 48-47. The poll also showed Biden leading among independents 58-36.While voters were more inclined to say Biden would do a better job handling the coronavirus, health care, racial inequality in the US and crime and safety, a slim majority, 51-46, said that Trump would do a better job with the economy. 3972

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