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The current day trading boom will end as these frenzies always do: in tears. While we wait for the inevitable crash, let’s review not only why day traders are doomed but also why most people shouldn’t trade, or even invest in, individual stocks.Day trading basically means rapidly buying and selling investments, hoping to profit from small price fluctuations. Brokerages have reported a surge in trading and new accounts this year, starting with March’s stock market crash when investors rushed in looking for bargains. As pandemic lockdowns kept people from their jobs and classrooms, trading continued to soar, especially among young adults.The poster child for this gold rush is Robinhood, a commission-free investing app that uses behavioral nudges to encourage people to trade. Robinhood added over 3 million accounts this year and in June logged more trades than any of the established, publicly traded brokerages. More than half of its customers are opening their first investment account, the company says.People can start trading with small amounts of money because Robinhood offers fractional shares. In addition to stocks and mutual funds, the app allows trading in options, cryptocurrencies and gold. Customers start out with a margin account, which allows them to borrow money to trade and amplify both their gains and their losses.Alexander Kearns, 20, is one example of what can go wrong. The University of Nebraska student killed himself after seeing a 0,165 negative balance in his Robinhood account. The novice trader may have misunderstood a potential loss on part of an options tradethat he made using borrowed money as a loss on the whole transaction. In reality, he had ,000 cash in his account when he died.Research has shown that the vast majority of day traders lose money, and only about 1% consistently get better returns than a low-cost index fund. A rising stock market, and a flood of inexperienced and excitable investors willing to bid up stock prices, has convinced more than a few day traders that they’re part of that 1%. They’re being egged on by the few people who actually will make money: the hucksters selling seminars, e-books and strategies that purport to teach you how to successfully trade.Stocks don’t always go upStocks overall are an excellent way to gain wealth over the long term. If you can weather the downturns, stocks historically have offered good returns.Those downturns can be doozies, however. Stocks lost half their value during the Great Recession that started December 2007. The market lost nearly 90% of its value in the early years of the Great Depression.Extended downturns have popped previous day trading bubbles, including the one that formed during the dot-com boom. The Nasdaq composite stock index rose 400% in five years, only to lose all of those gains from March 2000 to October 2002.Markets that go down eventually come back up. That’s not true of individual stocks. Any single stock can lose value, sometimes all the way to zero, and never recover.The sensible way to hedge that risk is diversification. That means buying stocks in many, many companies, including companies of different sizes, in different industries and in different countries. That’s prohibitively expensive for most individual investors, which is why mutual funds and exchange-traded funds are a better bet.There’s no such thing as a free tradeAnother way to grow wealth is to minimize investing costs. That means trading less, not more, because trading incurs costs even when there are no commissions involved.Investments held more than a year benefit from favorable capital gains tax rates, for example. Those held less than a year are taxed as income if the trade wasn’t made in a tax-deferred account such as an IRA.Another way cost is incurred is in what’s known as the bid/ask spread. The banks and financial institutions that facilitate trading in various stocks are called market makers. They offer to sell stocks at a certain price (the ask price) and will purchase at a slightly lower price (the bid price). People who trade stocks instantly lose a little money on each transaction because of this difference. That’s not a big deal for infrequent traders, but the costs add up if you churn stocks in and out of your portfolio.The biggest potential cost, though, is that every trade exposes your portfolio to the many ways we humans have of screwing up our money. We’re loss-averse and we want to avoid regret, so we hang on to losing stocks. We think that we can predict the future or that it will reflect the recent past, when this year should have taught us that we can’t and it won’t.We also think we know more than we do, a cognitive bias known as overconfidence. If you’re determined to trade, or day trade, don’t gamble more than you can afford to lose, because you almost certainly will.This article was written by NerdWallet and was originally published by the Associated Press.More From NerdWalletSuddenly Retired? Here’s What to Do NextSmart Money Podcast: Sudden Retirement and Finding Lost MoneyYou Can Use a Crisis to Build Helpful Money HabitsLiz Weston is a writer at NerdWallet. Email: lweston@nerdwallet.com. Twitter: @lizweston. 5216

The captain of a duck boat that capsized in July on a Missouri lake, killing 17 people, has been indicted by a federal grand jury in connection with the wreck.Kenneth Scott McKee, 51, faces 17 counts related to "acts of misconduct, negligence or inattention to duty," one for each victim, according to the indictment, which was announced Thursday by the US Attorney for the Western District of Missouri, Tim Garrison.The violations are colloquially known as "seaman's manslaughter," Garrison said.A federal grand jury found that McKee failed to properly assess incoming weather before and while he put the vessel in the water, entered the vessel on the water as severe weather approached, failed to instruct passengers to put on personal flotation devices and operated the duck boat in violation of its conditions and limitations, among other acts, according to the indictment.The federal criminal investigation into the deadly wreck on Table Rock Lake, near the tourist hub of Branson, Missouri, began after the US Coast Guard in July determined the deaths resulted from the captain's actions. The investigation is ongoing, Garrison told reporters Thursday.Ripley Entertainment, which runs the duck boat tours called Ride the Ducks Branson, did not immediately respond Thursday CNN's requests for comment. McKee's attorney, J.R. Hobbs, confirmed to CNN he is reviewing the indictment against his client but is not making any additional comment regarding the allegations.McKee is not in custody, Garrison said, adding that the charges announced Thursday are the first criminal indictments related to the incident. The US attorney would not say whether McKee has been cooperating with the probe. Hobbs said he is in the process of scheduling an initial court appearance by McKee.Survivor Tia Coleman, whose husband, three children and five other relatives were killed in the duck boat wreck, commended Garrison as the indictments were announced."While nothing can ever ease the grief in my heart, I am grateful that the US Attorney's Office is fighting for justice for my family, and the other victims, and is committed to holding fully accountable all those responsible for this tragedy," she said in a statement.In case of a conviction, each count against McKee carries possible prison time of up to 10 years and a fine of as much as 0,000. 2352

The county of San Diego is preparing to ask the state for nearly million to repave stretches of hundreds of roads it maintains.The Board of Supervisors could vote Wednesday to seek revenue from the recent gas-tax hike to repair the roads. The roads are in all ends of the county, from Bonita to Alpine to Vista. You can see a list of the roads here (it starts on page 3)."The proposed projects will improve the overall condition of the roads and will protect roads from deterioration and costly future repairs," a county staff report said. Gov. Jerry Brown signed the billion gas tax hike into law last year. Californians already pay a series of gas taxes ranking among the highest in the nation. The tax hike raised the per-gallon tax by 12 cents last November, with future increases planned. The bill, SB1, also added a 0 fee to the annual registration for electric vehicles, starting with model year 2020."People can't afford it. I'm retired but if you're working and have to commute, I don't think people realize how much of a dent that's going to make," said Vicky Bamburger, a Bonita resident who is supporting an effort to repeal the tax that appears to be headed to this November's ballot.But those who support the increase say fixing the roads will save California drivers from expensive car repairs due to problems like potholes, and save taxpayers from larger repairs later."A small improvement now - if you have a road that needs to be covered - that's going to be so much more cost effective, cost saving in the long run," said Catherine Hill, of the League of California Cities.Local governments have until May 1 to submit their gas-tax revenue road repair requests to the state. Still, county agencies have already received millions of dollars in new revenue for road repairs, which includes major improvements to Interstate 5 in North County.  1892

The E.W. Scripps Company is a partner with The Associated Press and has been following guidance from their election desk on 2020 race updates.Below is the AP's explanation as to why they have not declared a winner in Pennsylvania.The Associated Press has not declared a winner in the battleground state of Pennsylvania, because there were hundreds of thousands of votes left to be counted Thursday morning in the contest between President Donald Trump and Democrat Joe Biden.Trump, who held a 675,000-vote lead early Wednesday, prematurely declared victory in the state.By Thursday morning, his lead had slipped to about 136,000.And the race is destined to get tighter.The vast majority of the votes left to be counted there were cast by mail — and that is a form of voting that Biden has carried by a large margin.That's probably because Trump has spent months claiming without proof that voting by mail would lead to widespread voter fraud.According to the Associated Press, elections officials, under state law, are not allowed to process mail-in ballots until Election Day. 1085

The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is cracking down on glasses and contact prescribers who may try to stop you from shopping around.The FTC sent warning letters to almost 30 different eyeglass prescribers. The letters say the prescriber must give a copy of the prescription to the patient without them asking.They can't charge a special fee for doing that and they can’t force you to buy from them just because they did the examination.“However, there were a lot of prescribers that just weren't doing that,” said Linda Sherry, Director of National Priorities at Consumer Action. “If you asked for it, in most cases, you would get it. They also are required to post notices in the offices to say that you have a right to your prescription and a lot of prescribers we're not posting those notices.”Consumer Action is educating people on their eyeglass and contacts prescription rights. Sherry says prescriptions allow you to go online and to other eyeglass and contact sellers to shop for the best deal.Another thing she says to ask for, especially if you're shopping online, is pupil distance. It may not be on the prescription.“I had an experience where I asked for the pupil distance and was told that would be to put the pupil distance on, so I was like, ‘I've been coming here for three years and you've obviously measured my pupil distance, because I bought glasses from you. So, all you have to do is open your records and tell me my pupil distance.’ And they did do it, but there was that moment there when she said for the pupil distance measurement when I thought, ‘oh, something's very, very wrong here.’”Prescribers shouldn't be charging for that info either.If you're having trouble getting prescription information from your provider, you can contact the FTC. But remember you may also be due for a new eye exam. State laws vary but most eye prescriptions are only good for one year. 1912

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