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WASHINGTON, D.C. — A deadline set Tuesday under federal law essentially locks in President-elect Joe Biden’s victory, even though President Donald Trump is still falsely claiming he won reelection.Outlined in the Electoral Count Act of 1887, the safe harbor deadline falls six days before the Electoral College meets to formally cast votes for the president based on the popular vote in each state. This cycle, that vote will take place on Dec. 14.Other than Wisconsin, every state appears to have met the safe harbor deadline, which means Congress has to accept the electoral votes that will be cast next week and sent to the Capitol for counting on Jan. 6.By the end of the day Tuesday, every state is expected to make its election results official, with 306 electoral votes being awarded to Biden and 232 going to Trump. A total of 270 votes are needed to claim the White House.Those votes will elect Biden as the country’s next president.It’s called a safe harbor provision because it’s a kind of insurance policy by which a state can insulate its electoral votes against challenges in Congress by finishing up certification of the results and any state court legal challenges by the deadline. 1205

Weeks ago, it was thought that the US was on its way to reopening the economy with the coronavirus no longer posing the threat to the nation it once did.And then increases of testing have shown in recent weeks the virus is not only more prevalent than previously thought, but is spreading at a faster rate.Last Friday, Texas Gov. Greg Abbott ordered the states bars to close. Fellow Republican Gov. Ron DeSantis of Florida made a similar announcement, prohibiting on-site alcohol consumption at bars.Come Monday, Arizona Gov. Doug Ducey also closed bars in his state. The sudden reversal came out of necessity as all three states are concerned that hospitals could be overwhelmed with COVID-19 patients.So what makes bars uniquely dangerous?Bars are largely places meant for extended social interaction. That has led to several recent outbreaks of the virus.For instance, there were at least 100 reported cases tied to an outbreak in the Tigerland nightlife district in Louisiana. A group of 16 friends all tested positive for the virus after a visit to a bar, according to local reports."It seems like the largest growing sector of cases in the United States seems to be in the 18 to 40 year old range," Zach Jenkins, Associate Professor of Pharmacy Practice at Cedarville University. "Bars also seem to be a common source that infections are springing from. In my estimation, what we're seeing is the direct result of lockdowns easing up. Bars were physically closed throughout the country, people had minimal to no access to alcohol, and many people canceled their vacation plans. "Bars are often social experiences by nature, and younger crowds are more likely to frequent them. When alcohol consumption is added to the mix, people are less likely to keep their distance or practice other behaviors that limit the spread of the virus. Another layer to consider is that many bars lack outdoor seating in larger cities may have limited outdoor seating. Add all of that together, and you start to see why bars seem to be such a hot spot for activity."The CDC still encourages people to remain six feet apart and wear masks in public settings, which could be a challenge consuming alcohol while in a crowded bar.The CDC has released guidelines for the public to decide on whether it's safe to visit places such as bars and restaurants. Those guidelines can be viewed here.In DeSantis’ opinion, people were not following guidelines.“So folks just follow the guidelines, we're in good shape,” DeSantis said. “If you depart from that, then it becomes problematic. So I think that that's been clear from the beginning. Remember, the beginning of May, we went to this, you didn't see any problems. Very good, solid May, beginning of June, but now you've started to see more, but part of that is less business than it is social interactions." 2846

We don’t often think of racism impacting people’s health. But Dr. Amber Johnson has made a career of studying how the two issues are intertwined.“We’re in Los Angeles at this moment. Black women are the most rent-burdened in this area, so you think about having the stresses of being in a low-class environment and having to deal with racism and cope with racism," said Dr. Johnson, a professor at California State Long Beach who focuses on racism in health care. "And a lot of times, there’s feelings of isolation and loneliness all those things contribute to early physiological wear and tear on our body. Our bodies are literally wearing down."Dr. Johnson says racism is ingrained in our health system. One reason she says implicit bias, which are attitudes or stereotypes that affect our understanding and our decisions, even if we don’t realize it.“These implicit biases are passed down through practice, beliefs, experimentation, all these other things that really contribute to these implicit biases that we see, that are, that become very apparent when black people present in health care fields,” she explained.But systemic racism may start before you get to the doctor's office. Some experts say it begins with access.“People of color face long-standing and persistent disparities in health and healthcare, and these span across a wide array of measures,” said Samantha Artiga, the Director of the Disparities Policy Project at the Kaiser Family Foundation. Artiga's job is to look at how people of different races, genders, and classes are treated differently within the health care system. She says disparities in health care and health outcomes start with access to care and works their way up through every imaginable facet of life.“People of color are more likely to be uninsured than white individuals. That translates into increased barriers to access and care because they’re more concerned about costs, may have less access to a provider, not have a huge source of care outside of the emergency room,” she explained.Those healthcare woes can then be tied directly to jobs because 159 million Americans of all races get health insurance through their employers.But experts say the root of the race and health care problem lies in the kinds of jobs filled mostly by Black and Brown Americans. This is because they are more likely to be working in industries that may not offer coverage to their employees, or when it is offered it may not be affordable to individualsResearch from the National Institute of Health and the Center for American Progress shows African Americans in the US are less likely to have health care coverage than white people. That may be why Black women are more likely to be overweight. Black children are more likely to have asthma. Black adults are more likely to have hypertension. Cancer kills Black people at a higher rate than any other group. Black people are more likely to be diabetic than white people. Black babies die at more than double the rates of all other races in the US, and Black women die more than three times as often during childbirth as white women.Those are just some of the disparities that exist.Over and over again while researching this story, we heard about another major healthcare issue for many people of color: a shortage of doctors, nurses, and other health care workers that look like them, sound like them and have similar life experiences.“Black physicians make up 4-5 percent of all doctors practicing nationwide, whereas, Blacks make up 13 percent of the US population,” said Dr. Leon McDougle, the president of the National Medical Association, a national group that represents Black physicians in the US. He says when he was in medical school, he didn’t have a lot of Black classmates.“I went to medical school here at the Ohio State in the mid-’80s and there weren’t many faculty doctors that looked like me, and when you saw a Black doctor, it almost became a mental image. So, that was inspiration for me to say this has to change,” said Dr. McDougle.He says in 2020 when he sees patients of color, it has an impact on them and they have an impact on him and his students.“More than half the time when I see patients, I have a medical student, and not too uncommonly, that student will be African-American or LatinX. And to just hear the patients give them, cause most of my patients are African American, and to hear them help uplift them in their pursuit of becoming a physician, I hear that all the time,” he said.So, there is hope that there will be more healthcare workers of color, but there is still a long way to go. According to the Association of American Medical Colleges, over the last five years, the number of Black medical students has gone up about one percent, from 6 percent to 7 percent.Many say that's not enough.And the people working for change say the opportunity to make it happen is now.“It’s hard work to move systems and move structures and I just hope we don’t miss the opportunity that is presented at this current time, in terms of the attention, focus, and movement to do something about it,”“It’s not just for me to say I did this, but it’s for me, it’s for my mom, for my grandmother, it’s for my daughter. That’s four generations of black women that I’ve seen negatively affected by racism,” said Artiga.“It’s killing Black people. It’s killing, it’s killing us,” said Dr. Johnson. 5410

WASHINGTON, D.C. — It’s easily one of the most visible of the celestial bodies: the moon. Next year, the journey to get humans back there will get underway again.“Ultimately, it fulfills our need to explore,” said Dr. Kjell Lindgren, a NASA astronaut, who is one of the 18 recently chosen for NASA’s Artemis program.Artemis aims to get humans, including the first woman, to the lunar surface by 2024. Humans have not been back to the moon since the Apollo 17 mission back in 1972.“All of us in the astronaut office are, in one way or another, influenced by those iconic images of our Apollo astronauts exploring the moon,” Dr. Lindgren said.Returning to the moon is seen as a necessary stepping-stone to getting humans to Mars in the 2030s. The Artemis team will be working on lunar-related projects, both in orbit and on the surface of the moon, that can eventually be applied to a future Martian mission.“The moon offers a wealth of scientific discovery still,” Dr. Lindgren said. “It also offers a wealth of operational discovery helping us to refine the procedures the equipment and the skills that are needed to be able to land, to explore successfully on a rocky surface and then to come back to the earth.”The missions also have the potential to create technological advancements for everyone on Earth.“The whole world benefits from those things and the benefits from Apollo are innumerable. You know, from the computers, the miniaturization of computers and on, you can count all those,” he said. “That was really a turning point in history for technology.”NASA’s Artemis program hopes to eventually create a permanent human presence on the moon’s surface, similar to the current full-time human presence on the International Space Station, and Dr. Lindgren could be among them.“It's such a privilege to be a part of this,” he said.The new lunar program was named “Artemis,” after the Greek goddess, who was the twin sister of Apollo. 1950

WASHINGTON, D.C. — Unlike in many parts of the world, Election Day in America isn’t a day most people get off from work or school, and it’s not for a lack of trying in the past.“There've been several efforts to make it a holiday, at least for the five previous Congresses, including this one,” said Matthew Weil, who runs The Elections Project at the Bipartisan Policy Center.Those proposed bills to make Election Day a federal holiday have gone nowhere though.Coincidentally, America also has one of the lowest voter participation rates in the developed world, which was about 56 percent in 2016.Over the years, though, some states have made it a state or civic holiday, most recently this year in Illinois and Virginia. In California, state law requires employers to give employees at least two paid hours to vote on Election Day. However, that’s not the case in most places.Weil said whether or not employers need to give you time to vote on Election Day, varies state by state.“In states that don't have robust voting by mail options, or early voting options, Election Day being the only option isn't good,” Weil said. “The good news is the trend has been toward expanding options over the past 10 years.”Those options include early voting, which millions of voters have already done in the 2020 election, including Kevin Jackson in Ohio.“Don’t just wait. Plan your vote,” Jackson said. “Get down here and get it done.”The key to moving forward, experts say, is for all states to offer as many opportunities to vote as possible. Those changes could spread even more now because of the coronavirus pandemic.“I think it's got to be something that we're just not going back to how we used to vote,” said Weil. “I think that this will accelerate changes going forward.”Recently, some high-profile employers like Coca-Cola and Twitter, as well as universities like Brown and American, have decided to give Election Day off to their employees and students, not just so they can vote, but to also encourage them to volunteer as poll workers. 2046