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The current day trading boom will end as these frenzies always do: in tears. While we wait for the inevitable crash, let’s review not only why day traders are doomed but also why most people shouldn’t trade, or even invest in, individual stocks.Day trading basically means rapidly buying and selling investments, hoping to profit from small price fluctuations. Brokerages have reported a surge in trading and new accounts this year, starting with March’s stock market crash when investors rushed in looking for bargains. As pandemic lockdowns kept people from their jobs and classrooms, trading continued to soar, especially among young adults.The poster child for this gold rush is Robinhood, a commission-free investing app that uses behavioral nudges to encourage people to trade. Robinhood added over 3 million accounts this year and in June logged more trades than any of the established, publicly traded brokerages. More than half of its customers are opening their first investment account, the company says.People can start trading with small amounts of money because Robinhood offers fractional shares. In addition to stocks and mutual funds, the app allows trading in options, cryptocurrencies and gold. Customers start out with a margin account, which allows them to borrow money to trade and amplify both their gains and their losses.Alexander Kearns, 20, is one example of what can go wrong. The University of Nebraska student killed himself after seeing a 0,165 negative balance in his Robinhood account. The novice trader may have misunderstood a potential loss on part of an options tradethat he made using borrowed money as a loss on the whole transaction. In reality, he had ,000 cash in his account when he died.Research has shown that the vast majority of day traders lose money, and only about 1% consistently get better returns than a low-cost index fund. A rising stock market, and a flood of inexperienced and excitable investors willing to bid up stock prices, has convinced more than a few day traders that they’re part of that 1%. They’re being egged on by the few people who actually will make money: the hucksters selling seminars, e-books and strategies that purport to teach you how to successfully trade.Stocks don’t always go upStocks overall are an excellent way to gain wealth over the long term. If you can weather the downturns, stocks historically have offered good returns.Those downturns can be doozies, however. Stocks lost half their value during the Great Recession that started December 2007. The market lost nearly 90% of its value in the early years of the Great Depression.Extended downturns have popped previous day trading bubbles, including the one that formed during the dot-com boom. The Nasdaq composite stock index rose 400% in five years, only to lose all of those gains from March 2000 to October 2002.Markets that go down eventually come back up. That’s not true of individual stocks. Any single stock can lose value, sometimes all the way to zero, and never recover.The sensible way to hedge that risk is diversification. That means buying stocks in many, many companies, including companies of different sizes, in different industries and in different countries. That’s prohibitively expensive for most individual investors, which is why mutual funds and exchange-traded funds are a better bet.There’s no such thing as a free tradeAnother way to grow wealth is to minimize investing costs. That means trading less, not more, because trading incurs costs even when there are no commissions involved.Investments held more than a year benefit from favorable capital gains tax rates, for example. Those held less than a year are taxed as income if the trade wasn’t made in a tax-deferred account such as an IRA.Another way cost is incurred is in what’s known as the bid/ask spread. The banks and financial institutions that facilitate trading in various stocks are called market makers. They offer to sell stocks at a certain price (the ask price) and will purchase at a slightly lower price (the bid price). People who trade stocks instantly lose a little money on each transaction because of this difference. That’s not a big deal for infrequent traders, but the costs add up if you churn stocks in and out of your portfolio.The biggest potential cost, though, is that every trade exposes your portfolio to the many ways we humans have of screwing up our money. We’re loss-averse and we want to avoid regret, so we hang on to losing stocks. We think that we can predict the future or that it will reflect the recent past, when this year should have taught us that we can’t and it won’t.We also think we know more than we do, a cognitive bias known as overconfidence. If you’re determined to trade, or day trade, don’t gamble more than you can afford to lose, because you almost certainly will.This article was written by NerdWallet and was originally published by the Associated Press.More From NerdWalletSuddenly Retired? Here’s What to Do NextSmart Money Podcast: Sudden Retirement and Finding Lost MoneyYou Can Use a Crisis to Build Helpful Money HabitsLiz Weston is a writer at NerdWallet. Email: lweston@nerdwallet.com. Twitter: @lizweston. 5216

The Florida Highway Patrol said 30-to-40 vehicles have flat tires Monday morning on Interstate 95 northbound from Lantana Road to the Okeechobee Boulevard exit in West Palm Beach. The vehicles have flat tires due to metal debris in the road from a semi.All of the vehicles are off to the side of the interstate.Scripps station WPTV in West Palm Beach flew over the area and did not spot any lane closures, but traffic is traveling slow in the area.Drivers should avoid using I-95 northbound in this area until all of the debris is cleaned up.  596

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has cleared the way for a generic version of EpiPen to be created.The FDA’s approval for a generic version, which will be created by Teva Pharmaceuticals, could help alleviate issues like high cost for the life-saving allergy medication.Two year ago, prices for EpiPens skyrocketed, as manufacturer Mylan raised rates from less than 0 for a two-pack to close to 0.But new action by the FDA paves the way for a generic form of the drug, so pharmacies can now offer a generic form to customers, without having to call the doctor to write a new prescription."Oh, it's a huge deal for consumers because the current price is astronomical for a drug that you hope never to use,” says Gerard Anderson, a professor at Johns Hopkins University who has testified about drug prices before Congress.EpiPens have been experiencing shortages, made even worse by the back-to-school orders placed by parents. Anderson says this move to create generic forms should help with the supply and bring prices down.“You’re still gonna get the same drug administered,” says Anderson of the generic forms of the medication. “And so, as a consumer, as a parent, I would choose a less expensive alternative.” 1233

The colors of an autumn afternoon can be serene, brilliant and breathtaking.“As the days start getting shorter and the nights get longer, that's the cue that the trees get to change the foliage,” said climate scientist Astrid Caldas.That foliage requires a delicate dance of temperature and moisture to produce fall colors. It’s a dance potentially now in jeopardy due to climate change.“Because these things -- temperature and precipitation, rainfall -- are being affected, changed by climate, then the fall foliage can really get affected,” said Caldas, who is a senior climate scientist at the Union of Concerned Scientists, a nonprofit science organization.She said long-term shifting temperature trends and more rain will be disruptive to fall foliage in certain parts of the country.“We are seeing extreme precipitation increase, particularly in the Northeast and the Midwest,” Caldas said.That precipitation was evident in Minnesota, where people found themselves caught off-guard this year by an unusually early snowfall."I had to completely disassemble my fall leaf clean-up box and make sure my plow is still working,” said Greg Futchi, who is a landscape contractor. “We usually get all the leaves down before we see some snow, but not this year."All of that added moisture can lead to a shorter fall foliage season, Caldas said. Yet, repeated and ongoing droughts, like those seen in the western U.S., also bring their own set of problems to autumn leaves.“When it’s very dry, the colors get a little more muted also,” Caldas said. “So, drought can really kind of change completely the setup.”Scientists add that climate change isn’t just going to affect the ways leaves change their colors during the fall. It’s also going to potentially affect where those trees grow in the first place.“When the conditions start changing --like it's starting to get warmer further and further north--well, that's also a possibility that species are going to start migrating farther north,” Caldas said. “So, as different trees start moving to different areas, then the colors may change because the color depends on the tree.”That may mean having to travel farther north to see stunning red maples. It is a change that will be hard to stop unless action is taken on a global scale.“In the long run, if the countries and the whole world is not committed to really reducing emissions and changing to renewables and making that complete change, then it's going to be very hard for us not to see very drastic changes, because small changes are already happening,” Caldas said.Those changes are now encroaching on a time-honored spectacle, courtesy of Mother Nature. 2667

The first experimental COVID-19 vaccine in the U.S. is on track to begin a huge study next month to prove if it really can fend off the coronavirus, while hard-hit Brazil is testing a different shot from China.Where to do crucial, late-stage testing and how many volunteers are needed to roll up their sleeves are big worries for health officials as the virus spread starts tapering off in parts of the world.Moderna Inc. said Thursday the vaccine it is developing with the National Institutes of Health will be tested in 30,000 people in the U.S. Some will get the real shot and some a dummy shot, as scientists carefully compare which group winds up with the most infections.With far fewer COVID-19 cases in China, Sinovac Biotech turned to Brazil, the epicenter of Latin America’s outbreak, for at least part of its final testing. The government of S?o Paulo announced Thursday that Sinovac will ship enough of its experimental vaccine to test in 9,000 Brazilians starting next month.If it works, “with this vaccine we will be able to immunize millions of Brazilians,” said S?o Paulo′s Gov. Joao Doria.Worldwide, about a dozen COVID-19 potential vaccines are in early stages of testing. The NIH expects to help several additional shots move into those final, large-scale studies this summer, including one made by Oxford University that’s also being tested in a few thousand volunteers in Brazil.There’s no guarantee any of the experimental shots will pan out.But if all goes well, “there will be potential to get answers” on which vaccines work by the end of the year, Dr. John Mascola, who directs NIH’s vaccine research center, told a meeting of the National Academy of Medicine on Wednesday.Vaccines train the body to recognize a virus and fight back, and specialists say it’s vital to test shots made in different ways — to increase the odds that at least one kind will work.Sinovac’s vaccine is made by growing the coronavirus in a lab and then killing it. So-called “whole inactivated” vaccines are tried-and-true, used for decades to make shots against polio, flu and other diseases — giving the body a sneak peek at the germ itself — but growing the virus is difficult and requires lab precautions.The vaccine made by the NIH and Moderna contains no actual virus. Those shots contain the genetic code for the aptly named “spike” protein that coats the surface of the coronavirus. The body’s cells use that code to make some harmless spike protein that the immune system reacts to, ready if it later encounters the real thing. The so-called mRNA vaccine is easier to make, but it’s a new and unproven technology.Neither company has yet published results of how their shots fared in smaller, earlier-stage studies, designed to check for serious side effects and how well people’s immune systems respond to different doses.Even before proof that any potential vaccine will work, companies and governments are beginning to stockpile millions of doses so they can be ready to start vaccinating as soon as answers arrive.In the U.S., a program called “Operation Warp Speed” aims to have 300 million doses on hand by January. Under Brazil’s agreement with Sinovac, the Instituto Butantan will learn to produce the Chinese shot.___AP journalist Marcelo Silva de Sousa contributed to this report.___The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content. 3499