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LOS ANGELES, March 7 (Xinhua) -- U.S. food producer Unilever said on Monday it is recalling two varieties of its Skippy peanut butter because some jars may be contaminated with salmonella.The recall affects jars distributed to retailers in 16 states -- Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, Virginia and Wisconsin, the company said.But the company said no illnesses have been linked to the contaminated Skippy peanut butter.The 16.3-ounce jars are marked with UPC codes 048001006812 and 048001006782 and have Best-If-Used-By Dates of MAY1612LR1, MAY1712LR1, MAY1812LR1, MAY1912LR1, MAY2012LR1 and MAY2112LR1.Unilever advised consumers in a press release to throw away any jars of the recalled peanut butter and to contact the company for a replacement coupon.Salmonella is an organism which can cause serious and sometimes fatal infections in young children, frail or elderly people, and others with weakened immune systems. The most common symptoms are diarrhea, abdominal cramps and fever within eight hours to 72 hours of eating a contaminated product.About 40,000 cases of salmonella are reported each year in the United States, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

COPENHAGEN, April 30 (Xinhua) -- As traditional Chinese medicine (known as TCM in Europe) becomes increasingly popular worldwide and has gradually been regarded as a useful component to Western medical treatments, Denmark is no stranger to such trends.According to a study published by the University of Copenhagen in mid-Feb., up to one-third of Danish hospitals choose complementary or alternative therapies, including TCM methods, to treat pain, cancer, mental disease, tumors and infertility. Acupuncture remains the most widely-practiced form of these treatments, used in some 97 percent of the cases.The nationwide acceptance of acupuncture and massage therapists, the growing ranks of herbal practitioners, and the hosting of an annual pan-Scandinavian TCM conference since 2007, all underline the popularity of alternative medicine, including the TCM, in the country.However, the overall market presence of TCM, and herbal medicines in particular, is relatively small in Denmark and Europe at large. As many European policymakers insist that traditional herbal medicines "are neither scientifically documented nor tested according to Western requirements," these treatments face difficulties in obtaining licenses and boosting sales in Europe.In fact, despite their historical pedigree and widely-accepted efficacy, TCM products are often classified as "healthcare products" or "food," rather than "drugs" in European markets.A big challenge for TCM products to gain more access to the continent is the EU's Traditional Herbal Medicinal Products Directive, which stipulates that all such products must obtain authorization if they are to be sold within the EU, starting May 1, 2011.The directive says producers must prove the product in question has been used for 30 years, 15 of which within the EU, so as to ensure its safety.While licensing is expected to be onerous and expensive, Denmark has tried to bring TCM products into the Western medical mainstream from as early as 2005. The country's well-developed biochemical and medical industry, modernized agriculture and horticulture sectors and a strong track record of cooperative research in these fields, has helped TCM's cause.For instance, Traditional Complementary Medicine Denmark, a company helping herbal product makers market their goods in Western countries, uses modern biotechnology processes and clinical trials to scientifically verify and document the efficacy of existing herbal medicines.It also advises herbal product makers on how to align their standards with European requirements so as to acquire the necessary sales licenses. Sometimes, simple solutions like clearer and more detailed labeling of a TCM product's ingredients can help improve its marketability. Patent applications and drug approvals procedures must follow, before the product can access the EU pharmaceutical market, usually in pill form.Investing in herbal medicine also makes financial sense for Denmark, as it is encourages development of low-bulk, high-value agricultural products, which can be easily transported all over the globe.Development Centre Aarslev, a Danish agro-research body and partner of TCM Denmark, studies the active ingredients contained in medicinal plants and their impact on human health conditions such as cardiovascular problems, diabetes and allergies. One of the earliest collaborations it undertook with a producer of herbal medicine showed the effectiveness of extracts from the hips of the dog rose plant in treating rheumatoid arthritis.A spokesperson for the institution said, "We have documented analytical evidence which shows that arthritis patients can reduce their consumption of conventional anti-arthritis drugs by up to 50 percent, if they combine them with the herbal drug based on dog rose hips."Given Denmark's population of 5.5 million people, this could translate into savings of 200 million U.S. dollars a year on anti-arthritis medication, the spokesperson added.Other plant-based interventions could hold wider public health benefits. TCM practitioners say herbal medicines can improve blood circulation in humans, and contain naturally-occurring antioxidants which can reduce the risks of heart attacks and better regulate cardiovascular functions. This has potentially wide-ranging benefit for Western societies, where heart disease is a major threat.Heart disease was the most common cause of death in Denmark until 2000, and cardiovascular disease the commonest until 2008, with cancer now ranking the biggest killer.In fact, TCM herbal remedies are also considered a good choice for cancer treatment, as certain plants contain hormone-like substance which can influence hormone-dependent cancers, such as breast and prostate cancer.TCM supporters say the obvious benefit of such an intervention is the avoidance of more commonly-used chemotherapy and radiation treatments which often produce severe side-effects in patients. Relevant herbal therapies can help strengthen cancer patient's immune system, reduce side-effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy, and alleviate other symptoms of the disease.Given the many potential benefits of TCM, the EU's tightening of rules may appear harsh. Still, TCM is considered a relatively novel approach to medicine in Europe. Moreover, the dominant market share and general clout of the chemical-based, Western pharmaceutical industry also makes it difficult for traditional remedies to stake their claim.

WELLINGTON, May 27 (Xinhua) -- Eating kiwifruit might be a much better way of getting vitamin C into your system than taking purified vitamin supplements, according to research from New Zealand.Researchers with the University of Otago found that in mice eating kiwifruit, vitamin C uptake was five times as effective as taking a purified supplement form.The study was published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, the highest ranking journal for human nutrition research, said a statement from the university.Lead researcher Associate Professor Margreet Vissers said people required vitamin C (ascorbate) in all body tissues and organs to be healthy, but the only source of vitamin C was through food or in purified form, arguably the most commonly consumed vitamin supplement.In the experiment vitamin C-deficient mice were fed the vitamin over a month, either as kiwifruit or as an equivalent amount of pure vitamin C, said the statement.Mice fed the kiwifruit absorbed vitamin C much more efficiently than those given the purified supplement form, and they also retained it for longer, indicating something in the fruit improved absorption and retention."The findings of the mouse trial have important implications for human nutrition," said Vissers."The question that has often been asked is whether a supplement is as good a source of vitamin C as whole foods, but few studies have addressed this issue. We are uniquely placed to do that work. "An equivalent human study was underway to determine whether the situation also applied to people, said the statement.The mouse study was funded by the university and kiwifruit marketing firm Zespri.

WASHINGTON, May 11 (Xinhua) -- NASA's Dawn spacecraft has obtained its first image of the giant asteroid Vesta, which will help fine-tune navigation during its approach, the U.S. space agency announced Wednesday.Dawn expects to achieve orbit around Vesta on July 16, when the asteroid is about 117 million miles from Earth.The image from Dawn's framing cameras was taken on May 3 when the spacecraft began its approach and was approximately 752,000 miles (1.21 million km) from Vesta. The asteroid appears as a small, bright pearl against a background of stars. Vesta also is known as a protoplanet, because it is a large body that almost formed into a planet."After plying the seas of space for more than a billion miles, the Dawn team finally spotted its target," said Carol Raymond, Dawn's deputy principal investigator at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. "This first image hints of detailed portraits to come from Dawn's upcoming visit."Vesta is 330 miles (530 km) in diameter and the second most massive object in the asteroid belt. Ground- and space-based telescopes obtained images of the bright orb for about two centuries, but with little surface detail.Mission managers expect Vesta's gravity to capture Dawn in orbit on July 16. To enter orbit, Dawn must match the asteroid's path around the sun, which requires very precise knowledge of the body's location and speed. By analyzing where Vesta appears relative to stars in framing camera images, navigators will pin down its location and enable engineers to refine the spacecraft's trajectory.Dawn will start collecting science data in early August at an altitude of approximately 1,700 miles (2,700 km) above the asteroid's surface. As the spacecraft gets closer, it will snap multi-angle images allowing scientists to produce topographic maps. Dawn will later orbit at approximately 120 miles (200 km) to perform other measurements and obtain closer shots of parts of the surface. Dawn will remain in orbit around Vesta for one year. After another long cruise phase, Dawn will arrive in 2015 at its second destination, Ceres, an even more massive body in the asteroid belt.Gathering information about these two icons of the asteroid belt will help scientists unlock the secrets of our solar system's early history. The mission will compare and contrast the two giant asteroids shaped by different forces. Dawn's science instruments will measure surface composition, topography and texture. Dawn also will measure the tug of gravity from Vesta and Ceres to learn more about their internal structures. The spacecraft's full odyssey will take it on a 3-billion-mile (5-billion-km) journey, which began with its launch in September 2007.

SAN FRANCISCO, April 18 (Xinhua) -- Apple Inc. has sued Samsung Electronics Co. over patent infringement in a latest suit, U.S. media reported Monday.The suit, filed last Friday in U.S. District Court in Northern California, alleged that Samsung's smartphones, such as "Glaxy S 4G" and "Nexus S," and the Galaxy line of tablet computers violated Apple's patent and trademark, according to All Things Digital, a technology and startup company news site."It's no coincidence that Samsung's latest products look a lot like the iPhone and iPad, from the shape of the hardware to the user interface and even the packaging," the report quoted an Apple representative as saying.Intellectual property suits can be often seen among mobile computing rivals, including suits between Microsoft and Motorola, a suit by Oracle against Google, and Apple's patent dispute with Nokia and HTC.Although Samsung supplies chips for a number of Apple products, Apple CEO Steve Jobs once openly mocked Samsung and other tablet makers as "copycats" during the iPad2 launch. Last month, Apple is reportedly partnering with China's Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co. to make iPad chips.