中山大便后出血是什么病(中山市痔疮微创手术) (今日更新中)

The country’s top infectious disease expert is standing by his prediction that even if a COVID-19 vaccine is available by the end of this year, Americans should not expect a return to normalcy until late next year.Dr. Anthony Fauci’s latest comments come in an interview with MSNBC Friday in which he says, “If you're talking about getting back to a degree of normality which resembles where we were prior to covid, it's going to be toward the middle of 2021, maybe even end of 2021.”These statements come as more states are relaxing social distancing and lockdown measures; opening more theaters, gyms, salons and indoor dining.Dr. Fauci, who is the director of the National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, remains confident a vaccine will be available by the end of the year. However, he says just because it’s available doesn’t mean a quick return to pre-COVID life."But by the time you mobilize the distribution of the vaccine and get a majority or more of the population vaccinated and protected, that’s likely not going to happen until the end of 2021," Dr. Fauci told host Andrea Mitchell.He also expressed concern about states reopening certain indoor activities, because of the increased risk of contracting COVID-19. 1249

The Food and Drug Administration released updated safety standards Tuesday for makers of COVID-19 vaccines despite efforts by the White House to block them, clearing the way for requirements that are widely expected to prevent the introduction of a vaccine before Election Day.In the new guidelines posted on its website, the FDA said vaccine makers should follow trial participants for at least two months to rule out any major side effects before seeking emergency approval. That standard had been a sticking point between the FDA and White House officials, who said it could unreasonably delay the availability of COVID-19 vaccines.President Donald Trump has repeatedly insisted a vaccine could be authorized before Nov. 3, even though top government scientists working on the effort have said that timeline is very unlikely. On Monday Trump said vaccines are coming “momentarily,” in a video recorded after he returned to the White House.Former FDA officials have warned that public perception that a vaccine was being rushed out for political reasons could derail efforts to vaccinate millions of Americans.A senior administration official confirmed Monday that the White House had blocked FDA’s plans to formally publish the safety guidelines based on the two-month data requirement, arguing there was “no clinical or medical reason” for it.But on Tuesday, the FDA posted the guidance on its website, making clear that regulators plan to impose the safety standards for any vaccine seeking an expedited path to market.FDA Commissioner Stephen Hahn said in a statement that he hoped the guidelines would help “the public understand our science-based decision-making process that assures vaccine quality, safety and efficacy.”The requirements are aimed at companies seeking rapid approval through the FDA’s emergency authorization pathway. That accelerated process, reserved for health emergencies, allows medical products onto the market based on a lower bar than traditional FDA approval. But FDA has made clear only vaccines that are shown to be safe and effective will be authorized for coronavirus.Former FDA acting commissioner Dr. Stephen Ostroff said the requirements seem reasonable given the agency is in largely “uncharted territory” in terms of considering emergency use of a vaccine. The agency has only previously cleared one vaccine through the method — a decades-old shot that was authorized to prevent anthrax poisoning in 2005.“There really is no margin for error here,” Ostroff said. “Even when you’re talking about limited use of a vaccine there has to be some level of assurance that there isn’t a risk here that would far outweigh the benefit.”Dr. Peter Marks, the head of FDA’s vaccine division, said Tuesday that the two-month follow-up requirement was chosen to be “something reasonably aggressive, but not too conservative — right in the middle.” He spoke at a symposium organized by Johns Hopkins University.Initial doses of vaccines for emergency use would likely be reserved for medical workers and people with health conditions that make them particularly vulnerable to coronavirus. Full FDA approval for the general population will require significantly more data and is not expected until mid-2021.The White House attempt to block the guidance followed a string of instances in which the Trump administration has undercut its own medical experts working to combat the pandemic. FDA’s Hahn has been attempting to shore up public confidence in the vaccine review process for weeks, vowing that career scientists, not politicians, will decide if the shots are safe and effective.Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla has stoked excitement by saying that he expects data on whether the company’s candidate works to be ready in late October. But a number of variables would still have to align for the company to submit, and the FDA to review and greenlight, a vaccine application before Nov. 3. Pfizer’s competitors Moderna, AstraZeneca and Johnson & Johnson are working on longer research timelines.Vaccine development typically takes years, but the U.S. government has invested billions in efforts to accelerate the process and help multiple drugmakers prepare multiple candidates. All the doses will be purchased by the federal government for use vaccinating the U.S. population.Beyond exposing the rift between the White House and FDA, the delay in releasing the guidelines may have had limited practical effect.FDA scientists have been discussing the guidelines publicly for weeks and have made clear that the recommendations have already been shared with each of the vaccine developers.Former FDA Commissioner Scott Gottlieb said Tuesday that drugmakers depend on the FDA’s science-based endorsement to vouch for the safety and effectiveness of their products.“I can’t imagine a circumstance where a sponsor would challenge or seek to undermine the FDA’s role here,” Gottlieb said at the COVID-19 symposium. “This is precisely the moment when we need an objective, neutral arbiter.”Last week, Gottlieb and six other former FDA commissioners blasted the Trump administration for “undermining the credibility” of the agency in a op-ed calling for the release of the then-stalled vaccine guidelines.“Scientists should make decisions based on data, unfettered by political pressure or the intrusions of ideology or vested interests,” the officials wrote.___AP Medical Writer Lauran Neergaard contributed to this report.___The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content. 5644

The Cruise Lines International Association announced Tuesday that any cruise ship worldwide carrying more than 250 people must test everyone, passengers and crew members, for COVID-19 before embarking.They must also test negative for the virus if they are to board the ship, CLIA said in a press statement posted to their social media account."CLIA ocean-going cruise line members have agreed to conduct 100% testing of passengers and crew before embarkation - a travel industry first," CLIA tweeted. 508

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has cleared the Boeing 737 Max to return to the skies, The Associated Press reports.The plane has been grounded in the U.S. since March 2019 after it was involved in two deadly crashes just months after initial orders for the model had been fulfilled. The two crashes — one which occurred in Africa, the other in Asia — killed a combined 346 people.In Congressional hearings last September, Boeing officials say the plane's software included a fatal flaw that caused a nosedive in certain situations.In addition to the human cost of the software error, the Boeing 737 Max has proven to be malignant for Boeing's business. According to CNN, Boeing says the grounding of the 737 Max has resulted in billion in direct costs. Boeing's stock fell 100 points between March 2019 and January 2020 — a massive loss even before the COVID-19 pandemic dragged the entire market down with historic losses. "These 20 months they took to look at every possible issue with the aircraft is more than enough time to make it safe to go back in the air," said Kevin Kuhlmann, an Aviation and Aerospace Science Professor at Metro State University. "It's no small undertaking to go through and develop this training, put the pilots through the training and absorb the cost of the training."In October, American Airlines announced it would begin using the plane on certain routes in late December, pending FAA approval. The company says it will provide flexibility to passengers who do not want to fly on the plane.Other airlines like Southwest say they won't be putting the plane back in rotation until April. 1641

The company that owns GEDmatch, the DNA analysis site that police in California used to catch the so-called Golden State Killer, said hackers attacked their database and exposed users' DNA profile data to law enforcement searches.In a statement posted on Facebook, Verogen said they took down their website after being hit by two security breaches on July 19 and July 20.The company stated that GEDmatch profiles were exposed to law enforcement agencies in an “orchestrated through a sophisticated attack on one of our servers via an existing user account.""As a result of this breach, all user permissions were reset, making all profiles visible to all users," the company said in the statement. "This was the case for approximately 3 hours. During this time, users who did not opt-in for law enforcement matching were available for law enforcement matching, and, conversely, all law enforcement profiles were made visible to GEDmatch users."GEDmatch rose to face in 2018 when their site was used by law enforcement to match the DNA to nab Joseph James DeAngelo, who's also known as the Golden State Killer.DeAngelo pled guilty to 13 murders back in June, CBS News reported.The company says the site should be back up and running by Saturday. 1251

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