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MAGALIA, Calif. (AP) — Ten years ago, as two wildfires advanced on Paradise, residents jumped into their vehicles to flee and got stuck in gridlock. That led authorities to devise a staggered evacuation plan — one that they used when fire came again last week.But Paradise's carefully laid plans quickly devolved into a panicked exodus on Nov. 8. Some survivors said that by the time they got warnings, the flames were already extremely close, and they barely escaped with their lives. Others said they received no warnings at all.Now, with at least 56 people dead and perhaps 300 unaccounted for in the nation's deadliest wildfire in a century, authorities are facing questions of whether they took the right approach.It's also a lesson for other communities across the West that could be threatened as climate change and overgrown forests contribute to longer, more destructive fire seasons.Reeny Victoria Breevaart, who lives in Magalia, a forested community of 11,000 people north of Paradise, said she couldn't receive warnings because cellphones weren't working. She also lost electrical power.Just over an hour after the first evacuation order was issued at 8 a.m., she said, neighbors came to her door to say: "You have to get out of here."Shari Bernacett, who with her husband managed a mobile home park in Paradise where they also lived, received a text ordering an evacuation. "Within minutes the flames were on top of us," she said.Bernacett packed two duffel bags while her husband and another neighbor knocked on doors, yelling for people to get out. The couple grabbed their dog and drove through 12-foot (4-meter) flames to escape.In the aftermath of the disaster, survivors said authorities need to devise a plan to reach residents who can't get a cellphone signal in the hilly terrain or don't have cellphones at all.In his defense, Butte County Sheriff Kory Honea said evacuation orders were issued through 5,227 emails, 25,643 phone calls and 5,445 texts, in addition to social media and the use of loudspeakers. As cellphone service went down, authorities went into neighborhoods with bullhorns to tell people to leave, and that saved some lives.Honea said he was too busy with the emergency and the recovery of human remains to analyze how the evacuation went. But he said it was a big, chaotic, fast-moving situation, and there weren't enough law enforcement officers to go out and warn everyone."The fact that we have thousands and thousands of people in shelters would clearly indicate that we were able to notify a significant number of people," the sheriff said.Some evacuees were staying in tents and cars at a Walmart parking lot and nearby field in Chico, though the makeshift shelter was to close down by Sunday. Volunteer Julia Urbanowicz said all the food and clothing was donated.Mike Robertson, who arrived there on Monday with his wife and two daughters, said he's grateful for the donations and the sense of community.A Sunday closure "gives us enough time to maybe figure something out," he said.On Thursday, firefighters reported progress in battling the nearly 220-square-mile (570-square-kilometer) blaze. It was 40 percent contained, fire officials said. Crews slowed the flames' advance on populated areas.California Army National Guard members, wearing white jump suits, looked for human remains in the burned rubble, among more than 450 rescue workers assigned to the task.President Donald Trump plans to travel to California on Saturday to visit victims of the wildfires burning at both ends of the state. Trump is unpopular in much of Democratic-leaning California but not in Butte County, which he carried by 4 percentage points over Hillary Clinton in the 2016 election.The Paradise fire once again underscored shortcomings in warning systems.Gov. Jerry Brown signed a bill in September requiring the development of statewide guidelines for Amber Alert-like warnings. A few Northern California communities are moving to install sirens after some wine country residents complained they didn't receive warnings to evacuate ahead of a deadly wildfire in October 2017 that destroyed 5,300 homes.In 2008, the pair of wildfires that menaced Paradise destroyed 130 homes. No one was seriously hurt, but the chaos highlighted the need for a plan.Paradise sits on a ridge between two higher hills, with only one main exit out of town. The best solution seemed to be to order evacuations in phases, so people didn't get trapped."Gridlock is always the biggest concern," said William Stewart, a forestry professor at the University of California, Berkeley.Authorities developed an evacuation plan that split the town of 27,000 into zones and called for a staggered exodus. Paradise even conducted a mock evacuation during a morning commute, turning the main thoroughfare into a one-way street out of town.Last week, when a wind-whipped fire bore down on the town, the sheriff's department attempted an orderly, phased evacuation, instead of blasting a cellphone alert over an entire area.Phil John, chairman of the Paradise Ridge Fire Safe Council, defended the evacuation plan he helped develop. John said that the wildfire this time was exceptionally fast-moving and hot, and that no plan was going to work perfectly.When the fire reached the eastern edge of Paradise, six zones were ordered to clear out about 8 a.m. But almost simultaneously, the gusting winds were carrying embers the size of dinner plates across town, and structures were catching fire throughout the city. Less than an hour later, the entire town was ordered evacuated."It didn't work perfectly," John said Thursday. "But no one could plan for a fire like that."Likewise, Stewart, the forestry professor, said the wildfire that hit Paradise disrupted the orderly evacuation plan because it "was moving too fast. All hell broke loose."He said experts continue to debate how best to issue evacuation orders and no ideal solution has been found.At the other end of the state, meanwhile, crews continued to gain ground against a blaze of more than 153 square miles (396 square kilometers) that destroyed over 500 structures in Malibu and other Southern California communities.At least three deaths were reported.___Associated Press writers Janie Har and Olga R. Rodriguez in San Francisco, Amy Taxin in Santa Ana, California and Andrew Selsky in Salem, Oregon, contributed to this report. 6404

MACOMB COUNTY, Michigan — Ever since WXYZ television station did a segment about a mother who says she’s an adoption worker, but she isn’t licensed by the state of Michigan, families have been calling, emailing and reaching out on social media to share their heartbreaking stories. Now we've obtained new documents that show the same baby was promised to more than one family; both families paid thousands of dollars for the alleged adoption "services."One of those families is the Markley family. Stacey Markley says she’s having a really tough week: the baby boy that her family was supposed to adopt was allegedly due on Sunday. But now she doesn’t even know if that baby ever existed, and she wants some answers.Tara Lynn Lee promotes herself online as an adoption worker. But the 37-year-old from New Haven, Mich. is not a licensed adoption worker in Michigan and state officials tell us the companies and nonprofits she’s associated with are not licensed either.Lee’s home was raided by the FBI in November.Several sources close to the investigation say Lee is under scrutiny for allegedly promising the same baby to more than one potential adoptive family at a time.“We were so prepared for this baby, everybody was excited for us. And then just to turn around and have nothing, to this day it’s still hard for me,” said Markley from her home in Ohio.Markley says she and her husband hired Lee to help them adopt a baby boy. She says based on the contract they signed, they were paying Lee to care for the birth mother who had “matched” with them. Now Markley isn’t sure if there ever was an actual birth mom or a baby.“It’s heartbreaking because I’m surrounded by all this baby stuff and it doesn’t have an owner,” Markley said.Markley says Lee’s stories about the birth mother never added up.“It was constant, for the two months that we were matched with her, it was – ‘oh, we didn’t meet up, she canceled, I canceled – I had to go deliver a baby.’ So it’s like we never got word of how anything was going,” Markley said.Markley says Lee had them sign a contract, and they handed over ,000 when they “matched” with the birth mother. But when they asked for additional proof of pregnancy, Markley says, they didn’t get it.“I knew in my heart that day that that was going to be the end of it — we weren’t going to be going forward with this, and we weren’t going to be matched anymore. I called my mom crying that day,” she said.She says after a lot of fighting they eventually got about ,000 back. Lee’s paperwork shows she kept 24.75 for expenses.Lee’s contract from July states that “TL Pregnancy Services is a licensed counseling and adoption education center," but state licensing officials confirm Lee is not a licensed counselor.After Markley spoke to WXYZ, we discovered what appears to be a second contract for another couple in a different state. The contracts are dated two weeks apart:  both promising a baby born 12/9/18 from what appears to be the same birth mother named “Tracy.”Meanwhile, Lee’s attorney says she has been cooperating with the FBI probe.“I do know that the government is investigating, and that’s their job, and they could do their due process and do their due diligence, but as it stands today we have heard nothing. To the extent that they’ve asked us for information, she’s been in full compliance,” said Sanford Schulman.Schulman also told WXYZ in an email that, “Always Hope has never claimed to be a licensed agency and this is explicitly noted in every contract. Always Hope provides support for expectant mothers who choose adoption. Every stage was overseen by qualified attorneys who could be consulted throughout the process.”But when WXYZ pointed out that the contract was with TL Pregnancy Services that claimed to be licensed, Schulman seemed unaware of the claims Lee made in her contract. There is no record of a company called TL Pregnancy Services with the state of Michigan.As we reported last week, state records show, prior to 2016, Lee ran something called Always Hope Pregnancy Center LLC. Lee is also connected to the Always Hope Pregnancy and Education Center Inc. in Jacksonville, Florida.Lee is listed as a director on a nonprofit called Always Hope Adoption and Family Services, Inc. in Sterling Heights, Michigan. State officials tell us that organization and Lee are both now under investigation by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services, and neither is licensed to handle adoptions.The FBI investigation is still underway into Lee. If you know more about this adoption probe, please contact Heather Catallo at 248-827-4473 or at hcatallo@wxyz.com 4722

Midterms, look what you made Taylor Swift do.In a rare move, singer Taylor Swift has weighed in on politics in a major way, endorsing Tennessee Democrats Phil Bredesen and Jim Cooper, who are running for Senate and House of Representatives, respectively.By her own admission, Swift has been "reluctant" to voice her political opinions in the past, but, she said in an Instagram post, "due to several events in my life and in the world in the past two years, I feel very differently about that now.""I always have and always will cast my vote based on which candidate will protect and fight for the human rights I believe we all deserve in this country," she wrote. "I believe in the fight for LGBTQ rights, and that any form of discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender is WRONG. I believe that the systemic racism we still see in this country towards people of color is terrifying, sickening and prevalent."Swift went after Bredesen's senate race rival, Republican Rep. Marsha Blackburn, in her post, saying the politician's voting record "appalls and terrifies me."Bredesen served as governor of Tennessee from 2003 to 2011.In a tweet, Bredesen thanked Swift for her "kind words.""I'm honored to have your support and that of so many Tennesseans who are ready to put aside the partisan shouting and get things done," he wrote. "We're ready for it.""The choice continues to be clear: voters can either have more of the same old partisan shouting that's coming out of D.C, or they can hire someone who has a track record of getting things done for Tennessee," Bredesen's campaign added in a statement to CNN.Swift included a plea to her young adult fans in her post, urging them to register before the deadline."So many intelligent, thoughtful, self-possessed people have turned 18 in the past two years and now have the right and privilege to make their vote count," she wrote. 1907

Millions of homeowners could still benefit from refinancing their mortgages to get a lower interest rate. This is true even after a federal regulator startled lenders by dictating a new fee that amounts to a tax on refinancing.Many could save by refinancingMortgage rates began falling in the spring, as the potential economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic dawned on financial markets, and declined into summer. The average rate on the 30-year fixed-rate mortgage has lingered around 3% APR in much of August, according to NerdWallet’s daily survey, and the 15-year fixed-rate loan has averaged under 3%.Low refinance rates ignited a refinancing boom, accounting for more than 60% of mortgage applications most weeks this summer. Still, plenty of potential refinancers remain. When the 30-year mortgage rate is 3%, almost 18 million homeowners could reduce their interest rate at least 0.75% by refinancing, according to mortgage analytics company Black Knight. The average potential refinance savings: almost 0 a month.Fee could diminish refi savings for someA new fee on refinance transactions could reduce borrowers’ monthly savings, though. The “adverse market refinance fee” was stealthily announced Aug. 12 by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, the government-sponsored companies that bought and securitized 47% of mortgages at the beginning of 2020.Freddie attributed the fee to “COVID-19 related economic and market uncertainty.” Fannie used similar wording, without mentioning the disease.The fee is a 0.5% charge on conventional refinances. It amounts to a half-of-a-percent sales tax on refinancing. In the first week of August, the average amount of a conventional refinance was about 4,000, according to the Mortgage Bankers Association. On a refinance for that amount, the fee would be ,620.Some refinancers won’t have to pay. The fee applies only to conventional, conforming mortgages, which means that it doesn’t apply to those who refinance government home loans. Jumbo loans are also exempt.Lenders can pass along the fee to borrowers in several ways: including it in the refinance closing costs, adding it to the loan amount or increasing the interest rate. A 0.5% fee typically would translate into a rate increase of 0.125% or less.New fee targets less-risky borrowersFannie and Freddie claimed that the fee was driven by market uncertainty, but it was levied on refinances, not purchase loans. Refinances generally carry less risk than purchases, so charging more for refis is like setting a higher auto insurance premium for a mom with a clean driving record than for her 16-year-old son.So it’s a mystery why an “adverse market” charge was added to lower-risk loans.Another enigma is who imposed the fee. Fannie and Freddie made the announcement at night, hours after their headquarters closed; the Federal Housing Finance Agency, which closely oversees the companies, made no public comment. David H. Stevens, a former commissioner of the Federal Housing Administration, pointed at the FHFA, tweeting that the agency, Fannie and Freddie “are essentially providing [refinancing homeowners] the middle finger…”Why refis pose less risk than purchase loansTo refinance, borrowers need to demonstrate that they’ve been paying on time. And most people refinance to get lower monthly payments. It’s safe to assume that dependable borrowers decrease their risk of default when they reduce their payments. In contrast, purchase loans are a step into the unknown.The fee will be charged on refi loans that Fannie and Freddie buy on or after Sept. 1. Typically, a few weeks pass between a loan’s closing and its sale to Fannie or Freddie. That time lag means the fee increase applies to most conventional refinancers who had not locked their rate and fees by Aug. 12, when the fee was announced.There’s a chance that the fee could be rescinded. On Aug. 13, a senior White House official told the Wall Street Journal that the administration “has serious concerns with this action, and is reviewing it.” But the FHFA is an independent agency and can act without White House approval.More reasons to refinanceA modest fee doesn’t have to stop anyone from refinancing. There are other reasons to refinance besides monthly savings:Repay the loan faster. By refinancing a 30-year mortgage to a 15-year loan, a borrower can save thousands of dollars over the life of the loan by paying interest for a shorter period.Stop paying mortgage insurance. Refinancing is a way to get rid of mortgage insurance, whether it’s an FHA loan insured by the Federal Housing Administration or private mortgage insurance on a conventional loan.Extract equity. Some homeowners refinance for more than they owe and take the difference in cash in what’s called a cash-out refinance. The money can go toward home improvements or other uses.More From NerdWalletHow and why to refinance your mortgageHow to get rid of private mortgage insuranceHow to get the lowest refinance rateHolden Lewis is a writer at NerdWallet. Email: hlewis@nerdwallet.com. Twitter: @HoldenL. 5063

Lou Holtz has tested positive for the coronavirus.The 83-year-old former college football coach confirmed the test Thursday to Columbia, South Carolina, TV station WOLO.“I don’t have a lot of energy right now,” Holtz told the ABC station.Holtz led Notre Dame to the 1988 national title in a Hall of Fame career. He retired from coaching in 2004, after being with various teams, including William & Mary, North Carolina State, Arkansas, Minnesota, Notre Dame, South Carolina and in the NFL with the New York Jets. He has worked for ESPN and campaigned for President Donald Trump. Holtz is set to receive the Presidential Medal of Freedom from Trump. 660