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SAN DIEGO (CNS) - According to research published Friday by UC San Diego School of Medicine and San Diego State University researchers, the risk of contracting COVID-19 from handling trick-or-treat candy that has been in contact with a coronavirus-positive person is minimal, but not zero.In the study published Friday in the journal mSystems, the researchers analyzed the viral load on Halloween candy handled by patients with COVID-19.SARS-CoV-2, the virus which causes the illness COVID-19, is primarily transmitted by respiratory droplets and aerosols. The risk of infection by touching fomites -- objects or surfaces upon which viral particles have landed and persist -- is relatively low, according to multiple studies, even when fomites are known to have been exposed to the novel coronavirus. Nonetheless, the risk is not zero."The main takeaway is that although the risk of transmission of SARS- CoV-2 by surfaces -- including candy wrappers -- is low, it can be reduced even further by washing your hands with soap before handling the candy and washing the candy with household dishwashing detergent afterwards," said co-senior author Rob Knight, professor and director of the Center for Microbiome Innovation at UCSD."The main risk is interacting with people without masks, so if you are sharing candy, be safe by putting it in dish where you can wave from six feet away," he said.As San Diego County heads into a Halloweekend, public health officials are urging members of the public to practice COVID-19 protocols -- including avoiding large gatherings such as Halloween parties and door-to-door trick-or-treating."These activities involve face-to-face interactions with people from different households," said Dr. Wilma Wooten, the county's public health officer. "If a COVID-19 infection is detected among a participant, it will be very difficult to find and notify those who may have been exposed."These traditional Halloween celebrations are not advised, and large gatherings are not allowed under state or local health guidance. The county has reported dozens of community outbreaks in the past week.For their study, the researchers enrolled 10 recently diagnosed COVID- 19 patients who were asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic and asked them to handle Halloween candy under three different conditions: Normally with unwashed hands, normally with washed hands and extensive handling while deliberately coughing.The candy was then divided into two treatments -- no post-handling washing and washed with household dishwashing detergent -- followed by analyses using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, the same technology used to diagnose COVID-19 infections in people, and a second analytical platform that can conduct tests on larger samples more quickly and cheaply. Both produced similar findings.On candies not washed post-handling, researchers detected SARS-CoV-2 on 60% of the samples that had been deliberately coughed on and on 60% of the samples handled normally with unwashed hands. However, the virus was detected on only 10% of the candies handled after handwashing.The dishwashing detergent was effective for reducing the viral RNA on candies, with reducing the viral load by 62.1 percent.The researchers had also planned to test bleach, but noted that bleach sometimes leaked through some of the candy wrappers, making it unsafe for this type of cleaning use.The study authors underscored that the likely risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from candy is low, even if handled by someone with a COVID-19 infection, but it can be reduced to near-zero if the candy is handled only by people who have first washed their hands and if it is washed with household dishwashing detergent for approximately a minute after collection.Knight led the study with Forest Rohwer, viral ecologist at San Diego State University, and Dr. Louise Laurent, professor at UC San Diego School of Medicine. 3937

SAN DIEG

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - A San Diego Padres player has tested positive for coronavirus as the team begins their Summer Camp workout at Petco Park.A.J. Preller announced at a news conference Friday that one player, Tommy Pham, tested positive for coronavirus. According to Preller, Pham is asymptomatic and is currently in isolation. Preller added that the team has followed contract tracing and MLB guidelines for the case. The Padres joined the rest of Major League Baseball in choosing to hold Summer Camp at their home stadiums.Teams' players, other on-field personnel, medical personnel and other essential employees, including front-office officials, were required to complete the intake screening procedures, which included a temperature check with contactless thermometer administered by a representative of the club's medical staff; a body fluid sample (saliva or oral/nasal swab) for diagnostic/PCR testing and a venous blood collection or dried blood spot sample for serology/antibody testing.Both the body fluid sample and venous blood collection or dried blood spot sample for serology/antibody testing were collected by a representative of Comprehensive Drug Testing, which conducts collections for MLB's Joint Drug Prevention and Treatment Program and other MLB drug programs.Players and other staff who are in Tiers 1 or 2 will be tested for the coronavirus every other day. Players will receive temperature and symptom checks twice per day. Antibody testing will be conducted once per month.A covered individual who tests positive for the coronavirus will not be allowed to travel (except as authorized by club medical staff and the Joint Committee), access any team facility, or have direct contact with any other covered individual or other club staff (other than medical staff) unless and until each of the following occurs:-- the individual tests negative on two separate confirmatory tests performed by the Sports Medicine Research and Testing Laboratory taken at least 24 hours apart-- the individual has been not feverish for at least 72 hours without the use of any fever suppressant, and any respiratory symptoms have improved, as confirmed and documented by his or her treating physician or club medical staff-- the individual completes at least one antibody test following the positive diagnosis-- at the discretion of the team physician, a cardiac evaluation is conducted in accordance with published standards-- the individual's team physician, any treating physician caring for the covered individual, and the Joint Committee all conclude that the individual no longer presents a risk of infection to others and is healthy enough to return to his or her usual professional responsibilities, in accordance with guidance from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-- any local regulations or requirements are satisfiedModifications for the 2020 season intended to reduce the spread of the coronavirus include prohibiting spitting at all times in team facilities.The 2020 Major League Baseball season -- shortened to 60 games instead of the usual 162 -- is scheduled to begin on July 23, and end on Sept. 27. The postseason is scheduled to begin on Sept. 29.The Padres will play their games against teams in the National League West and American League West.With all games expected to be played without fans in attendance, the Padres are considering hosting drive-in viewing parties in the Lexus Premier lot just outside of the stadium. 3472

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - A San Diego man who sexually assaulted three women, some of whom were unconscious during the acts, was sentenced Friday to six years in state prison and ordered to register as a sex offender for life.Juan Carlos Cordero, 37, pleaded guilty in September to three felony sexual assault counts stemming from allegations that he assaulted women he met on dating sites or in person between 2015 and 2019.Cordero pleaded guilty to penetration of an unconscious victim by a foreign object, forcible sodomy and sodomy of an unconscious victim, with each count corresponding to women identified only as Jane Does 1 through 3.RELATED: San Diego women face their accused rapist at preliminary hearingSome of the victims alleged they may have been drugged by the defendant and testified during a preliminary hearing last year that while with Cordero, they blacked out and woke up in his bed, with little to no recollection of the previous night.Many testified that they discovered they'd suffered injuries that led them to believe they had been sexually assaulted.Some women testified they felt drugged the following morning but had no memory of how that may have occurred, while others testified that Cordero forced alcohol or drugs on them.RELATED: Sex assault suspect may have more victims, San Diego Police sayIn addition to the three victims Cordero pleaded guilty to assaulting, testimony also came from several other women alleging he committed similar acts on them, as state law allows testimony from alleged victims of defendants charged with sexual offenses in order to establish a pattern of behavior.Cordero was arrested in March 2019.Following his arrest and the District Attorney's Office filing of felony charges, San Diego police put a call out for any potential victims, stating that Cordero had been known to identify himself as "J.C." to young women in the area. 1895

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - An elderly disabled woman was assaulted and seriously injured in downtown San Diego, police said Saturday.The victim, a 73-year-old homeless woman who uses a walker, was attacked near the corner of Fourth Avenue and B Street at 10:10 p.m. Friday, according to Lt. Matt Dobbs of the San Diego Police Department's homicide unit.She was taken to the hospital where she underwent emergency surgery, the lieutenant said. Because of the serious nature of the woman's injuries, investigators from the SDPD's homicide unit were called to the scene."Detectives are collecting evidence and interviewing witnesses," Dobbs said. "A man was seen in an altercation with the victim. He is described as a Black male in his forties, approximately six-feet tall and weighing 250 pounds."The suspect was wearing a white tank top and blue jeans and was last seen walking eastbound on 400 C Street, Dobbs said.The victim has been identified, but her name was not immediately released.Anyone with information on the attack was asked to call the homicide unit at 619-531-2293 or Crime Stoppers at 888-580-8477. 1113

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