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WASHINGTON, Sept. 12 (Xinhua) -- An enzyme that appears to play a role in controlling the brain's response to nicotine and alcohol in mice might be a promising target for a drug that simultaneously would treat nicotine addiction and alcohol abuse in people, U.S. researchers find.Over the course of four weeks, mice genetically engineered to lack the gene for protein kinase C (PKC) epsilon consumed less of a nicotine-containing water solution than normal mice, and were less likely to return to a chamber in which they had been given nicotine. In contrast, normal mice steadily increased their consumption of nicotine solution while the mice lacking PKC epsilon did not.The study conducted by researchers at the Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center, affiliated with the University of California, San Francisco, appeared Monday in the online edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.In normal mice, as in humans, nicotine binds to a certain class of nicotinic receptors located on dopamine neurons, which causes dopamine to be released in the brain. Dopamine creates a feeling of enjoyment, and thus prompts a sense of reward. Researchers found that mice lacking PKC epsilon are deficient in these nicotinic receptors.The finding complements earlier research in which researchers found that mice genetically engineered to lack the PKC epsilon enzyme drank less alcohol than normal mice and were disinclined to return to a chamber in which they had been given alcohol."This could mean that these mice might not get the same sense of reward from nicotine or alcohol," said Gallo senior associate director and investigator Robert Messing. "The enzyme looks like it regulates the part of the reward system that involves these nicotinic receptors."The reward system is a complex of areas in the brain that affect craving for nicotine, alcohol and other addictive substances.The next step in the research, said Messing, would be to develop compounds that inhibit PKC epsilon. The ultimate goal, he added, would be medications that could be used "to take the edge off of addiction by helping people get over some of their reward craving."

SYDNEY, June 29 (Xinhua) -- A type of dried seaweed sold in Asian food supermarkets in Australia has been recalled after it was found to have high levels of iodine dangerous to pregnant women, local media reported on Wednesday.Food Standards Australia New Zealand (FSANZ) has ordered the recall of Wang Dried Kelp Varech Speche, a Korean brand of the dried seaweed, according to Australian Associated Press (AAP).It has been available in Asian grocery stores and restaurants in the Brisbane and Gold Coast areas of Queensland."The product contains high levels of naturally occurring iodine," FSANZ said in a statement."Regular consumption of these products may cause health problems in some people including pregnant and breastfeeding women."FSANZ said consumers concerned about their health should seek medical advice and should return the products to the place of purchase for a full cash refund.

BEIJING, June 12 (Xinhua) -- China's Supreme People's Court (SPC) on Sunday publicized a judicial interpretation which sets specific rules for the country's courts to order penalties to criminals sabotaging TV and radio facilities.The interpretation said that criminals, whose sabotage causes information block for disaster early warning, rescue and others concern public security, could be convicted three to seven years of imprisonment on the charge of sabotaging TV and radio broadcast facilities.Other circumstances that could be convicted the imprisonment include sabotage that causes malfunction in the broadcast of TV and radio stations, according to the new law.According to statistics with the SPC, there have been more than 5,000 cases of sabotaging cable TV wires and more than 1,000 cases of sabotaging state-owned fiber optic lines and other cases of stealing broadcast facilities since 2006 in China.

SINGAPORE, July 10 (Xinhua) -- The upcoming Natural History Museum in Singapore launched a drive on Sunday to raise 12 million Singapore dollars (9.8 million U.S. dollars) by the end of the month to buy three dinosaur fossils from a company in Wyoming, the United States.The three dinosaurs on offer from the company Dinosauria International, thought to be a family, were found between 2007 and last year in the United States, the Straits Times reported on Sunday.Appollo and Prince, the two adult diplodocid sauropods, is about 24 meters long, while the baby Twinky is about 12 meters.The natural history museum is expected to be completed by 2014. The three dinosaur fossils will cost 870 million Singapore dollars, and an additional 370 million Singapore dollars will be spent to set up the exhibition."They wanted the museum to tell the story of the history of life and evolution. Dinosaurs are the history of life," said Professor Peter Ng, director of the Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research, referring to the approval from the scientific advisory committee for the acquisition.The Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research of the National University of Singapore went on an intensive fund raising campaign last year to build the dedicated Natural History Museum.The museum said it has found the amount to be challenging. It is therefore appealing for help from the public through the media."The idea was always to have a central gallery and put something there that would make people go 'Whoa!,'" said Ng.