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Starbucks will take a time-out to work on re-training it's workers on racial bias, but the family of the man killed outside a Starbucks in Milwaukee Wisconsin was critical of the coffee company's decision.Starbucks will close all 8,000 stores for a day on May 29 after a Starbucks worker in Philadelphia called police accusing two black men of loitering in the store. Their arrest is now a viral video.But the family of Dontre Hamilton, who was shot and killed after a Starbucks employee called the police on him for sleeping on a bench, says it is a familiar over-reaction by someone who works for Starbucks."We feel Starbucks was partly responsible for calling on an individual who wasn't bothering anyone that day in this park," said Nate Hamilton, the brother of Dontre Hamilton.After Dontre Hamilton's death on April 30, 2014, there were protests both inside and outside the Starbucks. The then Starbucks CEO met with the Hamilton family privately, they say to talk about race and Starbucks."They should have started retraining their employees then," said Nate Hamilton.Others in Milwaukee agree Starbucks is not the only company that needs to work on racial profiling."If I go somewhere and I am not the dominant color, to put it the roughest way possible, then someone's looking, double checking," said northwest side resident Patrice Green.Cornelius McClendon and Lindzy Crawford say as Marquette students they had to be careful how they acted and it hasn't changed."Whether I was at a department store, whether I was walking down the street, we kind of set our own rules where we don't wear hoodies, you don't wear sweatpants. You never want to fit the profile because the profile is fairly vague," said McClendon.But Dontre Hamilton's mom is not optimistic retraining is the answer."No one can be trained to not have that particular type of racism embedded in them. That's a waste of time. You can't untrain hate," said Maria Hamilton. 1958

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The average debt among undergraduate students with loans in the class of 2019 is ,950, according to a new report from The Institute of College Access and Success, a nonprofit focused on higher education research and advocacy.That debt marks a slight decrease from ,200 for the class of 2018. The percentage of students in the class of 2019 who took out loans also dropped compared with 2018, from 65% to 62%.Debbie Cochrane, executive vice president of TICAS, says these shifts align with a general flattening of debt levels in recent years, due in part to increased state investment in higher education. But this trend and that funding could end due to the economic effects of COVID-19.“These students graduated in 2019,” Cochrane says. “We’re now in the middle of an economic and health crisis that puts all those gains in jeopardy.”Average student debt over timeAverage student debt growth has slowed, but indebtedness has increased substantially since TICAS issued its initial report on the subject 15 years ago.“What’s clear is that despite the flattening in recent years, debt has not been flat in the longer period,” Cochrane says.In 2004, the average student debt was ,550 — roughly 56% less than it is for the class of 2019. TICAS says inflation was 36% over the same period of time.Average debt has increased even faster in some states. For example, TICAS found that debt among graduates in New Jersey has grown 107% since 2004, rising from ,223 to ,566.The pandemic will likely accelerate this growth.“Students who are still in college or considering college now have frequently seen their family’s ability to pay for school change dramatically because of the economic crisis,” Cochrane says.She says it’s unclear what policymakers will do to support these students.Managing federal student debtRelief is available to most federal loan borrowers, as their payments are suspended interest-free through Dec. 31.But once payments restart, if you owed the average debt of ,950, your monthly bills would be roughly 0, assuming an interest rate of 4.5% and a 10-year repayment term.That may be difficult to afford if you’re facing an economic hardship.You could continue to pause payments, but pay interest for doing so. A better long-term solution is enrolling in an income-driven repayment plan.“Income-driven plans usually can fit someone’s budget,” says Betsy Mayotte, president and founder of the nonprofit Institute of Student Loan Advisors.These plans set federal loan payments at a percentage of your discretionary income, typically 10%. Monthly payments can be The 2016 election was psychologically traumatic for some, according to a new study published in the Journal of American College Health. It found that 1 out of 4 students surveyed experienced clinically significant event-related distress short term.Researchers from San Francisco State University, University of California, San Francisco and Arizona State University assessed a diverse group of nearly 800 undergraduates at Arizona State two to three months after the election.A key battleground, Arizona got a lot of political attention. Ultimately, Trump won Arizona by a narrow margin, earning 48.7% of the vote.The survey students filled out asked questions to determine the emotional effect of the event the election. It asked about the impact the election had on close relationships and assessed clinical symptoms of distress and subclinical impacts, meaning emotions that don't present definitive, more readily observable symptoms.Symptoms included "avoidance," a clinical term used to describe how someone deliberately stays away from whatever is causing them trauma, and "intrusion," a clinical term meaning the inability to keep memories of the source of their trauma from returning. The researchers also looked to see if demographics made a difference.Most of those surveyed, 65%, said the election had no impact on their close relationships. About 24% reported a slight or very negative impact and a little more than 10% reported a positive impact.If the election did have a negative emotional impact, avoidance was more common than intrusion among these students. One-fourth of participants showed clinically significant avoidance and intrusion symptoms in response to the election. Women, Democrats, people who did not identify as Christian and sexual minorities reported significantly more event-related distress, the study found.The students surveyed came from diverse backgrounds and held a mix of political opinions. Of the group, 18.5% reported that they were satisfied with the result of the election, 25% said they were somewhat satisfied, 19.2% said they were somewhat dissatisfied, and 37.2% said they were completely dissatisfied. Thirty-nine percent also reported that they were "considerably or extremely" upset by the election, 28.5% were not at all upset, the rest fell somewhere between.The study had limitations. The survey did not look at conditions long term. It couldn't rule out other stressors. It only looked at this one election and did not evaluate how students reacted in other years.Other studies looking at the 2016 election have found similar results. A study released in June that surveyed nearly 300 students two days before the 2016 election, on election night, and two days after, found that students who were concerned about Trump's ability to govern and those who were a part of the "non-dominant social group," including women and people of color, showed increased signs of stress before and during election night. Biological tests showed some signs of increased stress after the election, although there was a general recovery in mood, according to self-reported results.Lindsay Till Hoyt, who co-authored that study and is not connected with the current work, found this latest research interesting. She was not surprised that students felt increased stress."I think so much of the social media and news about the election really felt personal and aimed at specific groups like Mexican Americans and women," Hoyt, an?assistant professor of psychology at Fordham University,?said.For example, she cites Trump's justification for building a wall between Mexico and the US, saying in a debate "we have some bad hombres here and we're going to get them out." Or when a 2005 "Access Hollywood" tape was released in which Trump talked about how his celebrity status allowed him to behave aggressively with women, saying he could "grab them by the (expletive)" and that he would sometimes "just start kissing them.""Comments like those could hit very close to home, as opposed to arguments about abstract concepts like foreign policy and economic policy, students might not be as well versed in those topics," Hoyt said. "Because there was literal name-calling going on in the election cycle, even with students less politically engaged, that strong language and the harsher crassness of the rhetoric may have had a more broad effect on these students."In another study she and a graduate student are working on, they've noticed that both sides, conservatives and liberals, say they have felt discriminated against during the election, and preliminary results show it has caused them stress that interrupted their sleep."It's not just along ethnic and racial discrimination lines," Hoyt said "Conservatives also feel discrimination is affecting their sleep, it crosses both sides of the political aisle."Another 2018 study looking at how 700 teachers navigated the days after the election with K-12 students, and researchers found stories of such distress. One surveyed teacher remarked "for millions of people, this is real trauma."Beth Sondel,?who co-authored that study of teachers, finds this latest research on college students useful."Many of these young kids that the teachers were talking about in our study weren't privy to the policy being presented in the election, but the rhetoric was so strong it was impacting them," said Sondel, a research assistant professor in the department of instruction and learning at the University of Pittsburgh School of Education.Teachers reported they saw an immediate heightened fear of deportation among students. One teacher reported one of her seventh graders asked her if "Trump can come with a bus and get me?" Another teacher in Nebraska said a high school student who was expecting a baby asked if the teacher would take care of the baby if he was deported. Another teacher reported consoling a second-grade student who told her through tears that she was worried that when she'd get home from school her parents wouldn't be there."In general, I think our results are similar, in that we are finding that even these younger students are internalizing this rhetoric and it is causing stress and trauma," Sondel said. "I think the personal has become really political in this election."The authors hope this latest study will help mental health professionals better counsel college students have. Knowing that an election can cause distress, professionals should ask about it to better target treatment, they said. 6606 if you earn below a certain amount.Options for private loan borrowersRoughly 16% of graduates in the class of 2019 have nonfederal loans, according to TICAS. If you’re among them, contact your lender immediately if you can’t afford payments.“I wouldn’t call after your first bill is due,” Mayotte says. “I would call before that and let them know you’re struggling.”She says you may be able to pause payments or make interest-only payments temporarily. You could also ask your co-signer for help, if you used one.Another option would be refinancing private loans at a lower rate. But you or a co-signer will need steady income and a credit score in at least the high 600s to qualify.For example, refinancing ,950 from 4.5% to 3.5% would reduce your monthly bill by and save you ,652 over a 10-year term. If you needed more wiggle room in your budget, you could refinance to a 15-year term to lower your payments by — but you’d pay ,249 more overall as a result.Use a student loan refinance calculator to help find the right repayment terms for you.If you have federal student loans, don’t refinance them until at least the payment suspension ends. Refinancing costs you access to that payment pause and other government programs like income-driven plans.More From NerdWallet2020 Student Loan Debt StatisticsIncome-Driven Repayment: Is It Right for You?How to Get Student Loan Relief During the Coronavirus and BeyondRyan Lane is a writer at NerdWallet. Email: rlane@nerdwallet.com. 4103

TAMPA, Fla. – Two different paths led Ernest Johnson and Ronnie Reddish down the same road. Just a few weeks from Election Day, the two men met at a park in Tampa, Florida, to talk life, liberty and voting rights as a former felon.“How much time did you do?” Reddish asked Johnson.Johnson replied, “I did 28 years in prison, and I ain't got no shame in that ‘cause prison made me a man.”Now, it was Reddish’s turn to get personal.“My first time, I was 24,” he said of his first experience behind bars.Reddish spent more than 15 years of his life in prison.“They were all just for thefts and drugs,” said Reddish. “It was about making money illegally.”He’s been paying for those mistakes every day since he came home.“I really, really regret a lot of things that I did,” said Reddish. “I’m remorseful. I mean, I sit back, and now 60 years old—I think about it. Why? Why was I so dumb to do something like that?”In losing more than a decade of his freedom, Reddish lost something much more precious in the process: his right to vote.Reddish came to meet Johnson, a voting rights advocate, thinking he couldn’t vote. Reddish finished paying all his court fines earlier this year after serving his time, but he was still unsure if his rights were restored.“The language the legislation uses is confusing sometimes,” said Reddish.Reddish is talking about the language of Amendment 4, a law passed in 2018 by 65% of Florida voters.The amendment gives all former felons the right to vote, except those charged with murder or sexual crimes. However, before someone can vote, all court costs, fines and fees must be paid separately to each county the felon has a case in—an amount usually around ,500 to ,500 per person.Once all fees are paid, a person’s voting rights are automatically restored, but for many, the old systems that were in place are still top of mind.“I was under the impression that you had to go to the clemency board, which could take years,” said Reddish of how he thought he had to get his voting rights restored.That’s no longer the case, and it’s a common misconception. Amendment 4 abolished the clemency board, which automatically gave voting rights back to some, but officials say having to pay all the fines before voting is disenfranchising so many more than this law could be helping.Florida State Attorneys estimate the pay-to-vote system, as it’s often called, could keep more than 1 million former felons from voting in this upcoming election.“The constitution does not say we have to pay a tax to vote,” said Johnson.Even if a person has the money to pay, finding out how much one owes is no easy task, especially if someone owes fines multiple counties.“None of them have a uniform system to pay off fines and fees,” said Johnson. “It’s not that simple.”Johnson works with the nonprofit Florida Rights Restoration Coalition. The group is streamlining the process for as many former felons as they can. Every day, Johnson and many others go door to door, offering information, registration documents and helping pay off as many fines as they can.The group has paid off more than million in fines for former felons.This effort is supported by multiple Florida state attorneys who are fighting against the disenfranchisement they say is caused by Amendment 4.“It's creating two classes of voters: people who can afford the right to vote and people who can't,” said state attorney Andrew Warren, who represents one of the largest districts in Florida. “That's not democratic. It's not American. And in Florida, it should not be acceptable.”Warren said there is no uniform implementation of Amendment 4 across the state, and that is keeping people from voting—people like Reddish.“The confusion we've had is actually chilling people's willingness and ability to go in and register to vote and that's a bad thing for our democracy,” said Warren.To help, Warren is encouraging people to try and find out what they owe, but if they can’t figure it out by Election Day, he wants people to know: his office likely won’t take legal action against them for voting.“The standards for prosecuting someone for voter fraud is extremely high,” said Warren. “We expect that the majority of cases here are going to be people who are simply confused, and they don't know whether they're eligible to vote or not. And, doing so is not a crime in those situations because it's not on the voter to figure out. We're supposed to be making it clear to people what the law is, and what they need to do to be eligible to vote.”For Reddish, he didn’t get the answers he needed from the state. He got the truth from Johnson.He is eligible to vote. No clemency needed. Johnson was able to register him on the spot. A moment is giving Reddish his first chance to vote.“I’ve never voted in my life, and one thing about it is: my voice will count,” said Reddish with a sigh of relief and joy. “For so many years, my voice never counted. My voice will count now.”For so many who haven’t finished paying their fines, their voices may be silenced for the 2020 election, but Warren said he will not stop fighting the state to get the fines and fees requirement removed from Amendment 4.Until that happens, it will take more afternoon meetings at the park and more door knocking to give a voice to those picking up the pieces from a broken past.“Just because you’re a convicted felon doesn’t mean you’re locked out of life,” said Reddish. “We’re not third or fourth-class citizens, we’re American citizens.”Making sure every citizen has the rights they’ve earned is something Johnson, and now Reddish, are ready to fight for.“I want to join the organization,” said Reddish.They’re hoping they can bring light to as many as they can in a state where just a few new voters could swing the outcome of the 2020 election.“Voting is freedom, is democracy, is liberty,” said Johnson.“Voting gives you power,” said Reddish.If you’d like more information on Amendment 4, click HERE. For help from the Florida Rights Restoration Coalition, click HERE. 6043

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