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As more and more public spaces open back up, many people are finding themselves a little jumpy when they hear someone cough nearby. Are they sick, is it allergies, is it coronavirus?Chances are, we are jumping to conclusions about those “sick” sounds we find disgusting, according to a recently published study from the University of Michigan and University of California, Irvine.“We find no evidence that perceivers can reliably detect pathogen threats from cough and sneeze sounds, even though they are reasonably certain they can,” said Nicholas Michalak, the study’s lead author and a University of Michigan psychology graduate student.In other words, we humans are not very good at distinguishing the seriousness of a cough or sniffle by the sound of it. In fact, the study found that the more disgusting a person perceived the sound to be, the more likely they were to believe the sound came from an infected person, regardless of whether it did.Previous research has indicated people can accurately diagnose infection in others using other senses, like sight and smell.The research is based on four studies that had participants judge whether a cough or sneeze sound came from people infected with a communicable (easily spread) disease or not. On average, participants guessed four out of ten sounds correctly.“Moreover, there was no evidence that accuracy improved when participants knew the true number of infectious sounds in advance or when participants focused on how clear or disgusting they perceived the sounds,” Michalak said. “Despite this poor overall accuracy, perceivers consistently reported reasonable certainty in their judgments.”The study’s authors theorized that people have a belief that a sound that disgusts them is likely to represent a disease threat - this could lead them to exhibit biases to avoid interactions with others who make disgusting but noninfectious noises, according to Mickalak.The study’s co-authors are Oliver Sng, assistant professor of psychological science at UC-Irvine, and U-M graduate student Iris Wang and U-M associate professor of psychology Joshua Ackerman.Read the full study here. 2150

BAKERSFIELD, Calif. — California Gov. Gavin Newsom has again denied parole for a member of the infamous "Mason family" who is serving time for a murder committed 50 years ago.Newsom blocked the release of 71-year-old Leslie Van Houten from prison Friday, despite a recommendation from the California parole board that she be freed.It's the fourth time in four years that Newsom has blocked Van Houten's release from prison. Newsom said in his Friday decision that she still poses a danger if released.Van Houten is serving a life sentence for helping Manson and others kill a Los Angeles couple in 1969. She was 19 years old at the time.Van Houten's attorney has said that she will appeal.This story was originally published by Tori Cooper on KERO in Bakersfield, California. 783

Authorities believe they have found a package addressed to former Vice President Joe Biden that was considered suspicious due to its similarities to other packages sent this week to prominent Democrats and CNN, law enforcement officials said Thursday.The package was misaddressed and returned to sender, two law enforcement sources previously told CNN.Also on Thursday, a suspicious package addressed to actor-director Robert De Niro was reported at the Manhattan building where his production company is based, and its marking and contents appear similar to pipe bomb packages recently mailed nationwide to top Democrats, two law enforcement sources said.Law enforcement authorities are treating the series of bombs as a domestic terror matter and are advising the public to remain vigilant.Devices sent to former President Barack Obama, Hillary Clinton, former Attorney General Eric Holder, California Democratic Rep. Maxine Waters and Democratic donor George Soros showed the presence of a sulfur substance, which could have exploded, a law enforcement official said.The devices are believed to be pipe bombs, inherently unstable, and at risk of being set off just by handling.The FBI's counterterrorism division is leading the investigation Thursday into the packages and the agency says it's possible additional packages were mailed to other locations.The motive is unknown, but the recipients are all prominent targets of right-wing criticism and, in many cases, of President Donald Trump himself. The package found at CNN's New York bureau in the Time Warner Center was addressed to former CIA Director John Brennan, city and local law enforcement officials said.At the White House, Trump vowed Wednesday that "we will spare no resources or expense" to pursue the perpetrator.The-CNN-Wire 1803

As the debate over voting by mail continues, President Donald Trump told a North Carolina news outlet that voters should test election safeguards by voting both in person and via mail, something which could cause voters legal issues.Trump has expressed doubt in mail-in voting during the 2020 election cycle, claiming that mail-in voting is prone to fraud. But many states, some of which are led by Republicans, are ramping up mail-in voting efforts. Proponents of mail-in voting say that it is a safer alternative than in-person voting given the coronavirus pandemic.The president, speaking to a reporter from WECT, said he wanted voters to test the state’s safeguards.“So let them send it in and let them go vote, and if their system’s as good as they say it is, then obviously they won’t be able to vote,” Trump told WECT. “If it isn’t tabulated, they’ll be able to vote. So that’s the way it is. And that’s what they should do.”In North Carolina, it is a Class I felony to vote twice. The National Conference of State Legislatures has a list of laws pertaining to “double voting” on its website. Voting twice in an election is illegal across the US.Meanwhile on Wednesday, US Attorney General William Barr said that voting by mail is “playing with fire.”“We're a very closely divided country here,” Barr told CNN’s Wolf Blitzer. “And if people have to have confidence in the results of the election and the legitimacy of the government and people trying to change the rules to this, to this methodology, which as a matter of logic is very open to fraud and coercion, is reckless and dangerous. And the people are playing with fire."While there is scant evidence of widespread voting fraud in past elections, there are questions on the US Postal Service’s ability to return ballots in time to be tabulated.In Florida, Volusia County Elections said more than 1,000 ballots that should have been counted for last month’s primary did not arrive on time. There were 1,281 ballots postmarked the day before Election Day, but election officials received them too late to be counted.The USPS has experienced some service disruptions as some sorting machines have been removed from some post offices. While this had an impact on last month’s primary, the USPS slowdown has also caused slowdowns for essential items such as medicines and paychecks. 2350

As the US federal government was set to run out of funding at the end of Friday, the House of Representatives and Senate both passed H.J.Res. 107 on Friday, which funds the government through Sunday night. Without approval, the federal government would have entered a shutdown on Saturday.The measure passed through the House by a 320-60 margin. Less than an hour later, the Senate approved the bill by a voice vote. President Donald Trump then signed the bill late Friday night, officially keeping the government open this weekend.Without funding, essential federal government employees would work without pay. Other government employees would be told to stay home.The discussion on funding the government comes as House and Senate leaders are still working on a compromise on a stimulus package. Both sides have stated that legislators won’t leave Washington without approval of a pandemic relief package. House Majority Leader Steny Hoyer said congressional leaders will continue discussing a stimulus package over the weekend, but no votes will be called before Sunday afternoon. As of now, 0 stimulus checks are in the pandemic relief proposal.The pandemic relief bill would also include supplemental funds for unemployment, and adding money to the Paycheck Protection Program, which helped businesses make payroll early in the pandemic. 1353

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