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BEIJING, May 14 (Xinhua) -- From 24-hour complaint hotlines to instant additive detectors, local governments in China are striving to battle the illegal use of food additives following a string of food scandals.According to a statement released Saturday by the office of the food safety commission under the State Council, China's Cabinet, governments in Beijing, Shanghai, Zhejiang and Guangdong have incorporated the local food safety situation into the evaluation of officials' work, while ordering strengthened and coordinated food safety supervision at city and county levels.Many provinces and autonomous regions are distributing educational information through local media to promote, among the local population, the awareness of food safety and the harm of banned food additives, stressing severe punishment in the hope of intimidating potential violators.Certified food additives are displayed on shelves at a store that sells food additives in Beijing, capital of China, April 22, 2011.Law enforcement departments in Chongqing, Guangdong, Liaoning and Hunan have punished violators involved in a series of food scandals which included "poisonous bean sprouts," "inked vermicelli" and "dyed peppers," according to the statement.The document did not provide details on these cases.Meanwhile, governments are figuring out new measures to stem food violations.For instance, the provincial government of northeastern Jilin has set up round-the-clock hotlines for food safety complaints and recruited 1,300 voluntary food safety supervisors who go deep into communities for clues on potential food scandals.Supervisors in southern Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were equipped with additive detecting devices, which are reportedly able to check 27 kinds of illegal food additives "quickly and correctly," including melamine and clenbuterol, a kind of fat-burning drug used by violators to feed pigs to prevent them from accumulating fat.The municipal government of Beijing stipulates that companies found to have committed food violations in the past would be limited in investing in the municipality, while principals responsible for the wrongdoings will be banned from food manufacturing and distribution businesses.Beijing also requires restaurants to inform customers of all food additives contained in their self-made beverages and food sauces by posting the lists in menus or other public places. The lists should also be reported to supervisory departments.According to the statement, the Ministry of Agriculture has sent five teams to various regions, including Hebei, Jilin and Heilongjiang to inspect local food safety conditions.Vice Premier Li Keqiang warned last month of the great harm caused by illegal additives in food during a high-profile national meeting, promising a "firm attitude, iron-handed measures and more efforts" in dealing with the problem."Once such a case surfaces, it has an extensive social impact and easily causes a ripple effect, so we must attach great importance to it," Li said, adding that severe penalties must be imposed on violators to "let the violators pay dearly" and send a message to others.A high-profile, nationwide fight against the illegal use of additives in food was then launched to intensify supervision, upgrade safety standards and greatly increase penalties for violators.The moves came following a series of scandals including steamed buns dyed with unidentified chemicals, as well as the use of illegal cooking oil, known as "gutter oil."In one of the latest cases, police detained 96 people for producing, selling or using meat additives and confiscated over 400 kg of clenbuterol, widely known in the country as "lean meat powder," in central Henan Province.The action followed a scandal revealed in March when the country's largest meat processor, Shuanghui Group, was forced to issue a public apology for its clenbuterol-tainted pork products.

WASHINGTON, May 25 (Xinhua) -- Two U.S. astronauts conducted the third of four scheduled spacewalks for space shuttle Endeavour 's STS-134 mission on Wednesday morning, the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) announced.Endeavour's mission specialists Drew Feustel and Mike Fincke completed a six-hour-54-minute spacewalk at 8:37 a.m. EDT (1437 GMT). They completed all planned tasks, installing cables to increase redundancy for the power system on the Russian segment of the station, completing the external wireless antenna system work Feustel and Greg Chamitoff began during the first spacewalk, and installing a power and data grapple fixture to Zarya. The fixture will allow the station's robotic arm to "walk" to the Russian segment, extending its reach by using that grapple fixture as a base.It was the 247th spacewalk conducted by U.S. astronauts, and the 158th in support of space station assembly and maintenance, totaling 995 hours and 13 minutes. If everything goes as planned, the 1,000th hour of space station assembly and maintenance will be logged on Friday.Endeavour lifted off on May 16 from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida, to deliver to the International Space Station a 2-billion- dollar, multinational particle detector known as the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS).AMS, a particle physics detector, is designed to search for various types of unusual matter by measuring cosmic rays. Its experiments are designed to help researchers study the formation of the universe and search for evidence of dark matter, strange matter and antimatter.NASA's 30-year-old shuttle program is ending due to high operating costs. The Obama administration wants to spur private companies to get into the space taxi business, freeing NASA to focus on deep space exploration and new technology development.There were initially five space shuttles in the fleet -- Challenger exploded shortly after liftoff in 1986 and Columbia disintegrated on its way back to Earth in 2003. Discovery retired earlier this year, while Endeavour is currently on its final mission. A last mission for Atlantis is scheduled for July, though funding for Atlantis remains in question.The sixth shuttle, Enterprise, did test flights in the atmosphere but was never flown into space. It is already on display at a museum outside Washington.When the U.S. space shuttle program officially ends later this year, the Russian space program's Soyuz capsule will be the only method for transporting astronauts to and from the station.

BEIJING, Jan. 25 (Xinhua) -- China's 11 government departments have jointly released a guideline outlining major measures to lessen noise pollution amid rising noise disputes and complaints, the Ministry of Environmental Protection said Tuesday.The ministry's spokesperson, Tao Detian, said Tuesday the country saw rising complaints about noise pollution, which has caused an increasingly negative impact on the living environment in recent years.The 26-article guideline focuses on addressing noise pollution in fields including industry, construction, traffic and people's daily lives.Further, the regulation bans businesses from using acoustic instruments outdoors to lure customers.Also, heavy noise polluters are banned from entering industrial parks, according to the guideline.Moreover, motor vehicles should strictly observe speed limits, traffic restrictions and use of auto horns around "noise-sensitive buildings" such as hospitals, schools, government organs, scientific research institutions and residential buildings, it said.According to the guideline, government departments would also impose higher fines on noise polluters and collect fees for "discharges of excessive noise," in accordance with law.The newly issued document calls on various government agencies, such as the ministries on environmental protection, science and technology, public security, finance, housing, transportation and railways, to make coordinated efforts to curb pollution.Further, government organs could launch regular inspection campaigns in major cities, it said.According to the guideline, government agencies will set up a system to examine sound-proof qualities of civilian buildings and provide a list of major noise pollution sources by the end of this year.Also, the guideline ordered major cities to establish an automatic noise monitoring system and to equip each city in the country with at least one noise display screen by the end of 2011.

LOS ANGELES, April 7 (Xinhua) -- A new research has found that about nine million people in the United States identify themselves as lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender (LGBT).About 1.8 percent of adults identify themselves as bisexual, 1. 7 percent as gay or lesbian, and 0.03 percent as transgender, researchers at the University of California-Los Angeles' School of Law said in the study published by The Los Angeles Times on Thursday.The study culled data and methods from nine surveys conducted over the last seven years and averaged results from five of those surveys to estimate sexual orientation and from two surveys to estimate the transgender population.The findings also show that about 8.2 percent of Americans said they participated in same-sex sexual activity and about 11 percent said they had some same-sex sexual attraction, but neither of these groups necessarily identified themselves as LGBT.The researchers noted that insufficient and inconsistent national surveys make it difficult to get an estimate of the LGBT population in the United States, according to the Times report.

LOS ANGELES, March 3 (Xinhua) -- More and more American adults are suffering from a decline in overall sleep duration, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) said on Thursday.It's recommended that adults should sleep seven to nine hours a night to maintain good health, but more than one-third of Americans do not meet that requirement, according to the CDC.Insufficient sleep poses a long-term heath threat and impairs work performance and the ability to drive safely, the CDC said.Chronic sleep loss also is associated with obesity, increased risk of death and other health problems, according to the CDC."Over the last 20 years there has been a decline in overall sleep duration in adults," said Lela McKnight-Eily, a clinical psychologist and epidemiologist at the CDC's National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention."Within our culture there seems to be a belief that sleep isn't a part of overall essential health," she said.McKnight-Eily and her colleagues studied the sleep habits of 74,571 adults in 12 states, 35.3 percent reported sleeping less than seven hours.In addition, 48 percent reported snoring, 37.9 percent said they fell asleep at least once during the day the previous month and 4.7 percent admitted to falling asleep at the wheel at least once.Drowsiness or nodding off while driving accounts for 1,550 deaths and 40,000 injuries a year, according to the U.S. Department of Transportation.To get enough sleep, Americans have to change lifestyle habits, including longer workdays and late nights on the computer, McKnight-Eily said, noting that too much screen time paring away much-needed sleep time.