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Experts say the finalization of a COVID-19 vaccine is in our near future. Dr. William Moss is a professor of epidemiology and the executive director of the International Vaccine Access Center at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.“Remarkable progress has been made in the development of COVID-19 vaccines,” Dr. William Moss said.He says it typically takes five to 10 years to develop a vaccine, but with so much money and attention going toward COVID-19, he believes it’s likely we’ll have a vaccine by the end of the year.“I’m pretty confident that there will be a vaccine that will have an emergency-use authorization in the United States by the end of 2020,” Dr. Moss said.According to Dr. Moss, of the dozens if not hundreds of vaccine candidates in clinical trials, there are three vaccine candidates that have reached phase three. Phase three is when tens of thousands of volunteers test the vaccine to make sure it’s safe and effective.As of this week, we have optimistic news regarding phase-three efficacy results from biopharmaceutical company Pfizer – which has been collaborating with German company BioNTech.“Early preliminary results suggests that their vaccine is 90% or so effective in preventing mild to moderate or severe disease.”If the 90% efficacy data holds up after follow ups from participants in late November, Dr. Moss says he expects the FDA will rigorously review the data and approve the vaccine for distribution. That means health care workers and other high-priority groups would get the vaccine in December of this year, or early next year.“Pfizer says that they could have close to 50 million doses by the end of this year," Dr. Moss said. "Now remember their vaccine – as a number of the vaccine candidates do – requires two doses per individual. So, 50 million doses allows you to vaccinate about 25 million people.”Dr. Moss says the unprecedented investment in vaccine manufacturing will make it possible for the vaccine to be distributed so quickly. However, there are still quite a few logistical challenges since he says the Pfizer vaccine requires extreme cold temperatures as low as minus 117 degrees Fahrenheit.“So we need warehouses to store the vaccine that have freezers that can maintain that cold, we need transportation systems – planes, trucks – that can deliver the vaccine and keep it cold. And then at the site of distribution, we need to be able to keep these vaccines cold.”Therefore, he says it will likely take a lot longer for the general population to get the vaccine. He’s guessing not until the middle of 2021. Of course, the idea of saving lives with the help of a vaccine is very promising, but he says the greatest misconception is that we can go back to "normal" as soon as it’s distributed.“That by no means is going to indicate that we can go back to our pre-pandemic life," Dr. Moss said. "We will not know whether these vaccines stop transmission and we’re going to still need to wear masks, to wash our hands and physically distance even when vaccines become available.”Time and patience will be vital as we wait to see the long-term impacts of the vaccine in this pandemic. 3168

ESCONDIDO, Calif. (KGTV) - A series of unfortunate events may have led to an albino red-tailed boa constrictor named "Lemony Snicket" disappearing from a North County museum. Officials with the EcoVivarium children's museum in Escondido, California believe Lemony disappeared on April 29 during a tour of the museum's Arthropod Jungle. During the tour, staff took Lemony out of its cage to show guests, before returning it to its enclosure and locking the gate.Unfortunately, a security camera facing Lemony's enclosure was damaged that same day and did not capture what could have happened.Staff said they fear the snake may have been stolen. They said a man in his 20s left the tour group and never returned shortly before the snake disappeared."We are all heartbroken, and just want him safely returned, no questions asked," the museum said of Facebook. The snake was rescued four-and-a-half years ago in San Diego from an owner who had neglected it.Lemony is about 7-feet long, and yellow and orange, and has a scar on its face.Anyone with any information as to the snake's whereabouts is asked to call EcoVivarium at 760-975-9690.The situation is similar to another missing reptile case recently in North San Diego County."Bubbles" the monitor lizard slinked away from Mike's Pets in Spring Valley in March. Mike Estevez, of the store, said getting the word out was key in Bubbles' return."It really helped a lot," Estevez said. "We got a lot of feedback and concern from people coming in."A radio listener who heard about Bubbles ended up safely locating the missing lizard several days later. 1677

ENCINITAS, Calif (KGTV) -- An Encinitas business owner is trying to spread awareness about the challenges her employees face when customers refuse to follow the public health orders issued during the pandemic.Kris Buchanan owns GOODONYA Organic on the 101 in Encinitas. She posted a video discussing what she calls "The great mask debate" with one of her employees.Alex, the employee, talks about how it's exhausting constantly reminding customers to wear a face covering, but Buchanan said her employees deal with much more than that."I think people should realize the issue is not the business and I'm not trying to skirt the issue. I'm just trying to be real, we can't enforce, we don't have the skills, we don't have the training, we don't have the money to go through the training, and I don't want to put my people in that situation," said Buchanan.Buchanan said her employees are dealing with customers who refuse to wear masks, but also customers who are upset that other people aren't wearing masks."I think every business has a responsibility to do the right thing, to follow the guidelines and so it's not like we're just, we don't want to talk about it, I think the point to know is we do try and, they don't listen to us," said Buchanan.She has spent thousands of dollars on PPE, moving the restaurant outdoors and increasing sanitation protocols, but she says there's not much she can do when crowds of people and tourists walk right past her outdoor tables without masks. She also paid for her employees to be tested after one of them caught COVID-19 in June."It's like, do you know how much money we're spending and what we are doing to even try to stay alive? And you're in for a snapshot in time, and you see something, and you threaten to turn us into the local authorities, I'm like I don't even know who that would be, but go ahead," said Buchanan.She points to a religious rally held recently at Cardiff State Beach. Thousands of people attended with few face coverings and little social distancing.A spokesman with California State Parks said a permit was not issued for the event and that the gathering was not allowed."When you saw the 1,000 people at Cardiff gathering, it was disheartening, that's right down the street from our business. So, we definitely got customers after that ceremony, and here they walk past the sheriff, they walk past the lifeguard and they walk past the state beach guys, who work for the state, didn't get a ticket, and now they come into some random cafe," said Buchanan.Instead of expecting employees to police guidelines, she encourages customers to contact their local elected leaders."Asking the cashiers, and the waitresses and the servers to kind of implement an escalated situation is not fair and not right, and it won't work anyway," said Buchanan.She hopes people will do the right thing."Do you want cops issuing tickets? Or maybe we could all just take personal responsibility when we're out and about whether you believe in it or not," said Buchanan. 3027

Estée Lauder announced significant changes as it looks to recover financially from the coronavirus pandemic.On Thursday, the company announced they were closing between 10-15% of its freestanding stores and lay off 1,500-2,000 employees, about 3% of the workforce.A list of the stores closing has not been announced.The cosmetic giant said the pandemic had affected the bottom line; therefore, they were announcing a 2-year plan called the Post-COVID Business Acceleration Program to adjust its investments.The plan will go into effect in the first quarter of next year. "Our strategic priorities for fiscal 2021 rightly balance investment in these engines with cost discipline amid the ongoing pandemic," Fabrizio Freda, President, and Chief Executive Officer said in the press release. "Through the Post-COVID Business Acceleration Program announced today, we are better aligning our brick-and-mortar footprint to improve productivity and invest for growth. We are well-positioned to drive growth as the market dynamics support it, yet remain equally mindful of the effects of COVID-19 on consumers, the retail sector and economics, in general, as well as geopolitical uncertainty."The company added they would focus on digital capabilities, advertising, and promotions.The company said the plan is expected to save the company, before taxes, about 0 million to 0 million. 1388

Ethan Couch, known for his "affluenza" defense in his deadly drunk driving case, was released from a Texas jail Monday after serving nearly two years behind bars for violating his probation.Couch, 20, first made headlines as a teenager when he was sentenced to probation for a drunken driving crash that killed four people and seriously injured two others.Prosecutors in that 2013 case sought 20 years in jail, but Couch received no prison time after a psychologist testified that Couch was a victim of "affluenza," a product of wealthy, privileged parents who never set limits for him.The decision by the juvenile court judge to put him on probation for 10 years outraged victims' families and anti-drunk driving advocates.In 2015, Couch violated the terms of his probation and fled to Mexico with his mother, Tonya Couch. They were found and sent back to the US, where a Texas judge ordered nearly two years of jail time for Couch.Mothers Against Drunk Driving described the two years Couch has spent in jail as "a grave injustice to the victims and their families.""The 720 days Ethan Couch served for his crimes shows that drunk driving homicides still aren't treated as the violent crimes that they are," the organization said in a statement. It vowed to keep monitoring the case because it "brought to light that there is so much more work to be done to hold drunk drivers accountable."As part of Couch's current probation, he will be required to wear an ankle monitor, an alcohol detecting patch, submit to drug testing, abide by a 9 p.m. curfew and have a video interlock ignition device installed in his vehicle, according to Mike Simonds of the Tarrant County Sheriff's Office.Couch's mother is currently facing charges of money laundering and hindering apprehension of a felon for helping her son flee to Mexico. Tonya Couch recently had her bond revoked after failing a drug test and is behind bars in the Tarrant County Jail, the sheriff's office said last week. 1983