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SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. 10 (Xinhua) -- Amazon on Wednesday launched Kindle Cloud Reader, a web-based app that may help the on-line retailer to sidestep Apple's App Store restrictions.In its announcement, Amazon said Kindle Could Reader uses the HTML5 web standard to let users read e-books from their Kindle library from the Safari browser or Google's Chrome browser on their desktops or tablet, including the iPad.Support for Internet Explorer, Firefox and the Blackberry Playbook will be launched later this year.The app has a button linked to the Kindle Store, which was removed recently from the Kindle apps for iPad and iPhone.The move is taken as an answer to Apple's latest App Store restrictions, which banned developers to have any external links for purchasing digital books or subscriptions in the app, unless they give Apple a 30 percent cut from the in-app sales.Besides Amazon, Barnes & Noble, Google Books and Canadian e- book seller Kobo have also altered their iPad and iPhone apps to comply with the rules.Meanwhile, publishers and retailers have been developing web- based HTML5 apps to sidestep Apple for more control, which is an approved-of technology for iOS devices.The Financial Times, Kobo and video-on-demand service Vudu have recently launched their HTML5 app to avoid paying Apple a 30 percent cut.Industry watchers said it is unknown how Apple will deal with such apps. It would be easy for Apple to disable Web apps in the iPad's Safari browser, but the company would certainly face some backlash, said tech media website CNET.

SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. 10 (Xinhua) -- Amazon on Wednesday launched Kindle Cloud Reader, a web-based app that may help the on-line retailer to sidestep Apple's App Store restrictions.In its announcement, Amazon said Kindle Could Reader uses the HTML5 web standard to let users read e-books from their Kindle library from the Safari browser or Google's Chrome browser on their desktops or tablet, including the iPad.Support for Internet Explorer, Firefox and the Blackberry Playbook will be launched later this year.The app has a button linked to the Kindle Store, which was removed recently from the Kindle apps for iPad and iPhone.The move is taken as an answer to Apple's latest App Store restrictions, which banned developers to have any external links for purchasing digital books or subscriptions in the app, unless they give Apple a 30 percent cut from the in-app sales.Besides Amazon, Barnes & Noble, Google Books and Canadian e- book seller Kobo have also altered their iPad and iPhone apps to comply with the rules.Meanwhile, publishers and retailers have been developing web- based HTML5 apps to sidestep Apple for more control, which is an approved-of technology for iOS devices.The Financial Times, Kobo and video-on-demand service Vudu have recently launched their HTML5 app to avoid paying Apple a 30 percent cut.Industry watchers said it is unknown how Apple will deal with such apps. It would be easy for Apple to disable Web apps in the iPad's Safari browser, but the company would certainly face some backlash, said tech media website CNET.

BEIJING, Aug. 22 (Xinhuanet) -- Researchers have discovered how a human egg captures an incoming sperm for fertilization, paving the way to help couples suffering from infertility, according to media reports on Monday.An international team of researchers found that a sugar chain known as the sialyl-lewis-x sequence (SLeX) makes the outer coat of the egg “sticky,” which has proven to be helpful in binding the egg and the sperm.As a result, this observation has filled in a huge gap in the understanding of fertility and provides hope for ultimately helping couples who currently cannot conceive.Scientists and doctors know that a sperm identifies an egg when proteins on the head of the sperm match and bind to a series of specific sugars in the egg’s outer coating. With a successful match of proteins, the outside surfaces of the sperm and egg then bind together before merging, which is then followed by delivery of sperm’s DNA into egg.To identify this molecules, the researchers used ultra-sensitive mass-spectrometric imaging technology to observe and identify which molecules are most likely to be key in the binding process.They experimented with a range of synthesised sugars in the laboratory and found that it is SLeX that specifically binds sperm to an egg.According to the World Health Organisation, infertility affects about 15 percent of reproductive-aged couples around the world and almost one in every seven couples in Britain has problems conceiving a child for various reasons.

WASHINGTON, July 13 (Xinhua) -- Human neural stem cells are capable of helping people regain learning and memory abilities lost due to radiation treatment for brain tumors, a University of California, Irvine (UCI) study suggests.Research with rats found that stem cells transplanted two days after cranial irradiation restored cognitive function, as measured in one- and four-month assessments. In contrast, irradiated rats not treated with stem cells showed no cognitive improvement."Our findings provide solid evidence that such cells can be used to reverse radiation-induced damage of healthy tissue in the brain," said Charles Limoli, a UCI radiation oncology professor.Study results will appear Friday in Cancer Research, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.Radiotherapy for brain tumors is limited by how well the surrounding tissue tolerates it. Patients receiving radiation at effective levels suffer varying degrees of learning and memory loss that can adversely affect their quality of life."In almost every instance, people experience severe cognitive impairment that's progressive and debilitating," Limoli said. " Pediatric cancer patients can experience a drop of up to three IQ points per year."For the UCI study, multipotent human neural stem cells were transplanted into the brains of rats that had undergone radiation treatment. They migrated throughout the hippocampus -- a region known for the growth of new neurons -- and developed into brain cells.Researchers assessed the rats one month and four months after transplantation, noting enhanced learning and memory abilities at both intervals.Additionally, they found that transplanting as few as 100,000 human neural stem cells was sufficient to improve cognition after cranial irradiation. Of cells surviving the process, about 15 percent turned into new neurons, while another 45 percent became astrocytes and oligodendrocytes -- cells that support cerebral neurons.Most notably, Limoli said, he and his colleagues discovered that about 11 percent of the engrafted cells expressed a behaviorally induced marker of learning, indicating the functional integration of those cells into memory circuits in the hippocampus."This research suggests that stem cell therapies may one day be implemented in the clinic to provide relief to patients suffering from cognitive impairments incurred as a result of their cancer treatments," Limoli said.

LOS ANGELES, July 18 (Xinhua) -- The spacecraft Dawn of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has returned the first close-up image of the giant asteroid Vesta after entering its orbit for the first time last week, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) announced on Monday.The image taken for navigation purposes shows Vesta in greater detail than ever before, said JPL in Pasadena, California.On July 15, Dawn became the first probe to enter orbit around an object in the main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.When Vesta captured Dawn into its orbit, there were approximately 9,900 miles (about 16,000 kilometers) between the spacecraft and the asteroid.Vesta is 330 miles (about 530 kilometers) in diameter and the second most massive object in the asteroid belt.NASA's Dawn spacecraft obtained this image with its framing camera on July 17, 2011. It was taken from a distance of about 9,500 miles (15,000 kilometers) away from the protoplanet Vesta. Each pixel in the image corresponds to roughly 0.88 miles (1.4 kilometers). Ground- and space-based telescopes have obtained images of Vesta for about two centuries, but they have not been able to see much detail on its surface."We are beginning the study of arguably the oldest extant primordial surface in the solar system," said Dawn principal investigator Christopher Russell from the University of California, Los Angeles, which is responsible for Dawn's mission science. " This region of space has been ignored for far too long. So far, the images received to date reveal a complex surface that seems to have preserved some of the earliest events in Vesta's history, as well as logging the onslaught that Vesta has suffered in the intervening eons."Vesta is thought to be the source of a large number of meteorites that fall to Earth. Vesta and its new NASA neighbor, Dawn, are currently approximately 117 million miles (about 188 million kilometers) away from Earth. The Dawn team will begin gathering science data in August.Observations will provide unprecedented data to help scientists understand the earliest chapter of the solar system and pave the way for future human space missions, according to JPL."Dawn slipped gently into orbit with the same grace it has displayed during its years of ion thrusting through interplanetary space," said Marc Rayman, Dawn chief engineer and mission manager at NASA's JPL. "It is fantastically exciting that we will begin providing humankind its first detailed views of one of the last unexplored worlds in the inner solar system."Although orbit capture is complete, the approach phase will continue for about three weeks. During approach, the Dawn team will continue a search for possible moons around the asteroid; obtain more images for navigation; observe Vesta's physical properties; and obtain calibration data.In addition, navigators will measure the strength of Vesta's gravitational tug on the spacecraft to compute the asteroid's mass with much greater accuracy than has been previously available, according to JPL.Dawn will spend one year orbiting Vesta, then travel to a second destination, the dwarf planet Ceres, arriving in February 2015. The mission to Vesta and Ceres is managed by JPL for the agency's Science Mission Directorate in Washington.Dawn is a project of the directorate's Discovery Program, which is managed by NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alaska.