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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — Independent reviews by the FDA show the COVID-19 vaccines by Pfizer and Moderna have similar levels of safety and efficacy, although there are early indications of potential differences.Both vaccines rely on the same basic approach: jumpstarting the immune system with messenger RNA. The FDA confirmed their overall efficacy is essentially identical; 95 percent for Pfizer and 94.1 percent for Moderna.However, signals in the data suggest Moderna’s vaccine may better protect against severe cases of COVID-19, while Pfizer’s vaccine may work better in adults over 65. But experts warned those differences may just be statistical illusions.In Moderna’s study of 30,000 volunteers, 30 people got severe cases of COVID-19. All 30 of those cases were in the placebo group, suggesting the vaccine offers powerful protection against the most serious symptoms.In Pfizer’s trial of 44,000 volunteers, one vaccinated person got a severe case compared to 10 people in the placebo group.“We still need more data,” said Dr. Abisola Olulade of Sharp Rees-Stealy. “It's not a reason to recommend one versus the other.”In adults over 65, the efficacy of Moderna’s vaccine dipped slightly to 86.4 percent. Pfizer’s vaccine was 92.9 percent effective in people aged 65 to 74 and 100 percent effective in individuals 75 and up.“When I think people in the community look at that number, they might say, ‘Oh, that Moderna vaccine probably isn't as good for the older population compared to the Pfizer vaccine.’ But as a clinician looking at numbers, they're both amazing,” said UC San Francisco infectious disease expert Dr. Peter Chin-Hong.FDA scientists found both vaccines are safe but short-term side effects are common, especially with Moderna’s drug. Both vaccines are administered in two doses. The table below lists the percentage of vaccinated volunteers who reported a side effect after either dose, although side effects were most common after the second injection.Side effect Moderna PfizerFatigue 68.5% 62.9%Headache 63.0% 55.1%Muscle pain59.6%38.3%Joint pain44.8%23.6%Chills43.4%31.9%Fever14.8%14.2%Typically the symptoms went away in one day.“Just because a vaccine has side effects doesn’t mean it’s not safe,” said Dr. Olulade. “We know that side effects happen actually because your immune system is working and waking up. It's actually a positive thing.”The slight difference in side effects could be because of differences in the way researchers polled volunteers, or it could be something with the architecture of the vaccines, experts said.The companies use different tiny bubbles of fat to enclose the messenger RNA. Moderna’s bubble is a little stronger and more stable so it doesn’t need to be stored at sub-arctic temperatures.“It could be that [Moderna’s] elicits a little more inflammation than the other,” Dr. Chin-Hong said.Having slightly more side effects could be a sign that Moderna’s vaccine prompts a stronger immune response that might lead to longer-lasting immunity, but the durability of either vaccine remains one of the most pressing unanswered questions.The biggest difference may be where the vaccines are deployed. Since Pfizer's vaccine needs to be stored at such cold temperatures, experts said Moderna's vaccine may be prioritized for rural hospitals and community health centers that lack ultra-cold storage units. 3370

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - May is Maritime Month in San Diego and the best chance to learn all about San Diego Bay's regional importance for free!The Port of San Diego will offer free tours as part of its annual Maritime Month celebration. During May, the Port offers free bus and boat tours of San Diego Bay.Bus tours depart from Pepper Park in National City and will take guests on a tour of San Diego's shipbuilding and repair yards, the Tenth Avenue Marine Terminal (where the Dole ship often is) and National City Marine Terminal.RELATED: San Diego museum members get in free during 'Big Exchange'Bus tours are set for May 17 and 24 at 10 a.m. Seating is limited.Boat tours will depart on Hornblower vessels from Pier 1 in San Diego and travel through scenic San Diego Bay.Tours bring passengers to San Diego's shipbuilding and repair yard, and Tenth Ave. and National City terminals as well. The tour will also stop at the Port's Marine cargo terminal.RELATED: National Bike Month kicks off in San DiegoBoat tour dates are set for May 19 and 20 at 10:45 a.m. and 1:15 p.m. each day.For more information or to RSVP, visit the Port's website. 1156

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- Inclement weather beginning Monday and lasting through Thursday will bring cooler temperatures and rain to San Diego County amid a busy travel season. The first of a series of storms is set to arrive Monday, bringing rain and snow to the county. A second storm is due to bring another round of moisture Christmas night through Thursday. Between the two storm systems, light showers will occur, according to the National Weather Service. The first round of storms are forecast to dump as much as an inch of rain along the coast and in the mountains. RELATED: Check your San Diego County Forecast | Holiday traffic mapSnow levels will be between 5,500 and 6,000 feet through Monday, falling to near 5,000 feet early Tuesday. Snow accumulations between one and three inches are expected for elevations between 5,000 and 6,000 feet. Another storm arriving Christmas night and lasting through Thursday shows similar precipitation amounts, according to model data. The agency says the second storm is colder, which means it could have a greater impact in the mountains, including through the Cajon pass and I-8 across the San Diego County mountains. 1172

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Hungry for pizza?BJ's Restaurant and Brewhouse will dish out 30,000 free pizzas in celebration of National Deep Dish Pizza Day on Thursday.Customers can order one of 30,000 free mini cheese or pepperoni deep dish pizzas on Thursday using the delivery app DoorDash and the code "DEEPDISH" at checkout.The pizza and delivery are free. Orders must be placed between 9 a.m. and 9 p.m.BJ's Restaurant locations in Carlsbad, Chula Vista, Escondido, La Jolla, La Mesa, and Mission Valley will all be participating in the promotion.For more information, visit DoorDash's website. 598

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — Local research organizations and San Diego County are teaming with the CDC to expand the genome sequencing of COVID-19. That data gives county leaders important information to drive decision-making to help slow and control the spread of the virus.“The virus is constantly evolving and trying to figure out the best way to spread through our population. And is it does that, it changes a little bit,” said Dr. Louise Laurent a professor at UC San Diego, which is part of the team, along with Scripps Research.Laurent says that studying changes in the virus can help identify which cases are connected to each other and which are not. The county can use that information to understand what measures are working, where there are significant outbreaks, and whether new measures are needed to stop those outbreaks.The county’s top epidemiologist, Dr. Eric McDonald, tells ABC 10News that the data shows that through testing and contract tracing, efforts to control outbreaks have generally been effective. “It looks like many of the instances of individuals who are infected don’t result in too many other infections. We don’t have lots of big clusters of the same exact strain,” McDonald said.The data also shows that while the restrictions and actions taken by the county have been effective in controlling outbreaks, COVID-19 continues to spread in San Diego through travel. “What we found is that San Diego has been hit many different times and viruses from other places have come to San Diego,” Laurent said. “We don’t want to be an isolated place. We want to interact, right? We’re just that kind of place. It makes us vibrant. It makes us an interesting place to be. But that also makes us vulnerable.”The research team recently received a .5 million contract from the CDC to expand its work. 1823