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BRATISLAVA, June 18 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao and his Slovakian counterpart Ivan Gasparovic held talks here on Thursday and they agreed to take the 60th anniversary of diplomatic ties as an opportunity to consolidate their traditional friendship and enrich the contents of cooperation.     Speaking highly of the longstanding friendship between the two countries, Hu noted in particular the substantial development of bilateral relations since the Central European country gained independence 16 years ago.     Expressing satisfaction at the state of bilateral ties, Hu said there are no outstanding issues left over by history or conflict of interests between China and Slovakia, Hu said. It is the shared goal of the two countries to expand consensus and deepen cooperation, he added. Visiting Chinese President Hu Jintao (L) meets with Slovakian President Ivan Gasparovic for talks in Bratislava, capital of Slovakia June 18, 2009"This is in the fundamental interests of the two countries and the two peoples," Hu said. He made a four-point proposal for the further development of bilateral ties.     Firstly, the traditional friendship should be consolidated and bilateral mutual political trust be enhanced, Hu said.     The frequent contacts between leaders of the two countries is important to the development of bilateral ties and the Chinese side welcomes President Gasparovic to visit China again. The two sides should also promote exchanges and cooperation between the two governments, legislative bodies and political parties so as to consolidate the political foundation of bilateral relations. Visiting Chinese President Hu Jintao (R, front), accompanied by Slovakian President Ivan Gasparovic, inspect the honor guard during a welcoming ceremony in Bratislava, capital of Slovakia June 18, 2009.Second, both side should enhance economic and trade cooperation and join efforts to cope with the ongoing financial crisis, Hu said, adding that this is the focus of bilateral cooperation at present.     They should expand trade links and achieve a balanced growth in two-way trade, increase mutual investments, expand areas of cooperation and oppose protectionism.     Different forms of cooperation should be encouraged in such fields as infrastructural construction, new energy, agriculture and environmental protection. Chinese President Hu Jintao (L) and Slovakian President Ivan Gasparovic meet with journalists after their talks in Bratislava, capital of Slovakia June 18, 2009In responding to the impact of the international financial crisis, the two countries should also strengthen communication, share experiences and push for the reform of international financial systems.     Third, cultural exchanges and cooperation should be expanded with more substance and the two sides should learn from each other for common development, he said.     Fourth, there should be strengthened coordination and consultation between the two countries in international and regional organizations such as the United Nations, as well as closer multilateral cooperation in efforts to make joint contributions to world peace and stability, he said.     Agreeing entirely with Hu's views, Gasparovic said the Chinese president's visit is of great significance to promoting bilateral cooperation in various fields and friendly relations between the two countries. Chinese President Hu Jintao and Slovakian President Ivan Gasparovic meet with journalists after their talks in Bratislava, capital of Slovakia June 18, 2009Slovakia will continue to adhere to the one-China policy, he said.     Only through concered efforts of all countries in the world could the crisis be tackled in an effective way.     The Slovakian president said his country welcomes more investments from China and is ready to promote reciprocal cooperation in the fields of science and technology, energy, new energy, infrastructure, machinery, tourism and agriculture.     Hu, currently on a three-nation tour, arrived here earlier in the day after concluding a state visit to Russia. He will also visit Croatia.     Earlier this week, the Chinese president attended the annual summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and a meeting of the BRIC countries -- Brazil, Russia, India and China, in the Russian city of Yekaterinburg. 

BEIJING, May 2 (Xinhua) -- A delegation of the Communist Party of China (CPC) left here Saturday for official visits to Kenya, Eritrea, Ghana, Cape Verde and Norway.     The delegation, led by Wang Jiarui, head of the International Department of CPC Central Committee, was invited by the three parties of Kenya's ruling coalition--Party of National Unity, Orange Democratic Movement and Orange Democratic Movement-Kenya, the People's Front for Democracy and Justice of Eritrea, African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde and Norwegian Minister of Foreign Affairs.

BEIJING, May 3 (Xinhua) -- Decoupling from the world, and the economic downturn much of it is experiencing, has proven impossible for China. But its resilience is receiving more recognition, with many leading financial institutions upgrading their 2009 growth forecasts since mid-April.     The adjustments for gross domestic product (GDP) growth, ranging from 0.5 to 2.3 percentage points, were based on signs of a turnaround in the first quarter. These indicators included stronger-than-expected real GDP growth, recovering property investment, a pick-up in power consumption and a surge in bank lending.     Merrill Lynch & Co. said it expected China's GDP to grow 7.2 percent in the second quarter and 8 percent this year, while Goldman Sachs raised its projection from 6 percent to 8.3 percent, the most optimistic forecast so far. Other forecasts include UBS, which raised its estimate by 0.5 point to 7 percent and CLSA Asia-Pacific, which lifted its outlook by 1.5 point to 7 percent.     China's policymakers can take heart from these forecasts. Every upward revision, big or small, given the global economic slowdown, might point to a better chance for the nation to achieve its 8-percent growth target. That level of growth is considered necessary to raise living standards while maintaining social stability.     But there's still the question of whether rapid growth is sustainable. Some analysts believe it isn't unless China can rebalance its economy and achieve higher efficiency, lower environmental costs and a more reasonable balance among investment, trade and consumption.     QUANTITY OR QUALITY?     In an interview with Xinhua, Stephen Roach, chairman of Morgan Stanley Asia, urged Chinese authorities to get more serious about stimulating private consumption because the global economy remains "pretty weak" and might only achieve a weak recovery.     "China has responded to the crisis the way it has always responded to global problems. That is, using proactive fiscal stimulus mainly in the infrastructure area to provide temporary support in the downturn until the global economy comes back. It worked in the 1997 Asian financial crisis and the 2000-2001 mild recession. But this is a different sort of problem," said Roach.     "Once the stimulus wears off and if there is no follow-through, the Chinese economy will weaken again. I don't think exports will recover in the weak global economy."     Domestic economists voice similar worries, saying that the speed of growth doesn't matter as much as the quality. Liu Shangxi, deputy dean of the Research Institute for Fiscal Science at the Ministry of Finance, said that the 6.1-percent year-on-year growth in the first quarter had been "fairly good" for China. But, he said, "sometimes, it's worth slowing down a bit to have the economy move more stably."     Wang Xiaoguang, an economist with the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), the chief planning agency. said that the government's annual growth target had become mostly symbolic.     For five years in a row, the target was 8 percent, and for five years in a row, the growth rate overshot the target. Wang said the government had faced a dilemma: a cut in the target might undermine public confidence while a rise might tempt local governments to over-invest to meet a high growth target.     The turnaround signs mostly reflected the impact of the 4-trillion-yuan (586 billion U.S. dollars) stimulus package. Meanwhile, retail sales still trailed investment in contributing to growth. Local economists warned that the economy remained unbalanced and vulnerable.     "Historical records show that adjustments in the Chinese economy would take two to three years, on average. Seven months have passed since the impact of the global financial crisis began to tell on the local economy.     "With a turnaround in sight, recovery might come earlier than expected but there are still risks of a further slowdown," Chen Dongqi, deputy chief of the Macro-Economic Research Institute under the NDRC, told a business development forum in Guangdong in late April.     BUYING CURE     It's widely accepted among economists that China should boost domestic private consumption by leading individuals to buy more and save less. The key question is: how?     "Two big programs" Roach advocates call for doubling the investment in social security immediately to 150 billion U.S. dollars and establishing a goal of raising consumption as a share of the economy from 36 percent to 50 percent within five years.     "What I think is missing here is the social safety net, social security pension and unemployment insurance. Because of the absence of the safety net, China has seen a high level of precautionary saving," he said.     Roach suggested that China develop a private pension system in particular so total employee compensation could rise in tandem with productivity. "Chinese companies need to partner with their workers and provide medical care [and] retirement investing for their workforce. Chinese workers' total pay package should have both wages and benefits," he said.     Liu agreed that the primary task in expanding consumption was to raise incomes. "Securing the legitimate interests of workers is particularly significant when the economy slumps. It would be like drinking poison to quench one's thirst if businesses sought to expand corporate earnings at the cost of workers' pay and benefits," he said.     Low labor costs and massive capacity have propped up China's prosperity over the past decades. But the proportion of wages to national income has been on a long decline since the 1990s.     Between 2002 and 2006 alone, economists estimate the figure dropped from 62.1 percent to 57.1 percent. Meanwhile, the contribution of consumption to GDP growth fell from 43.6 percent to 38.9 percent.     "A more meaningful index to judge the sustainability of China's economic growth would be the proportion of wages to national income," Liu said. "If this ratio did not rise, people would remain poor, and thus expanding consumption would be empty talk."     Chinese are far from wealthy. Only 4 percent of the workforce, and just 10 percent of the urban workforce, earn more than 2,000 yuan a month, the threshold for individual income tax.     As Chinese residents hold 2.43 trillion yuan in aggregate deposits, economists say one immediate way to boost consumption would be to stabilize spending on staple property -- including housing and automobiles -- and support tourism and cultural activities.     "People spend much of their money on housing and food. The government should encourage people to entertain themselves more," Wang said.     CHINA 'NO LOCOMOTIVE'     Although China might be the first major economy to recover from the downturn, economists disagree on when China will return to sustained high growth.     Morgan Stanley, for example, has forecast a firm recovery by mid-year, but said sustainable growth through 2010 would still hinge on what happens in other countries.     "China will be stronger. But will that strength be enough to allow others to follow in its footsteps? I don't think so," said Roach.     "Most of China's resilience comes from infrastructure building, roads, property consumption ... [this] won't have an impact on the United States and Europe. This resilience is only temporary while its stimulus is local rather than global."     Central bank governor Zhou Xiaochuan also warned in late April during World Bank-IMF meetings in Washington that the rebound in China's economy had to be consolidated. He said conditions in China would permit rapid economic development again, once macroeconomic policies such as the stimulus plan took effect.     Challenging internal and external conditions, he said, included continuously shrinking external demand, a relatively large decline in exports, overcapacity in some industries, falling government revenue and lingering employment pressure.     As China emerges from the shadow of the downturn, together with many of its Western partners, the world is closely watching the socialist market economy that it is still trying to develop.     It was interesting to see that there was much "the ideologically-constrained West" could learn from China, just as there was much China could learn from the West, said Roach.     "China has gone slow in many areas, especially in the opening up of its financial market. But China made the right choice," he said.     "Focusing on stability is a huge plus for China. But the nation must be vigilant in its financial policies, especially monetary and regulatory policies, and not allow asset bubbles and financial innovations it doesn't understand," said Roach.

UNITED NATIONS, May 4 (Xinhua) -- China on Monday called on the international community to continue to push forward the nuclear disarmament process.     Cheng Jingye, director-general of arms control and disarmament department of the Chinese foreign ministry, made the appeal here at the third session of the Preparatory Committee for the 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons.     Complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons for the establishment of a world free of nuclear weapons is not only the shared aspiration of the international community, but also the goal that China has advocated and worked for over the years, Cheng said.     "China believes that nuclear disarmament should be a fair and reasonable process of gradual reductions towards a downward balance," he said.     Cheng urged nuclear-weapon states to commit themselves unequivocally to complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons, and negotiate and conclude an international legal instrument at an early date.     Pending achievement of the above-mentioned goal, nuclear-weapon states should reduce the role of nuclear weapons in their national security policies, he said. They should undertake unequivocally not to be the first to use nuclear weapons, and conclude an international legal instrument on not to use or threaten to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear-weapon states or nuclear-weapons-free zones.     As states with largest nuclear arsenals, the United States and Russia bear special and primary responsibilities, he said. They should continue to drastically cut their nuclear arsenals, which is indispensable for advancing the nuclear disarmament process and realizing the ultimate goal of complete and thorough nuclear disarmament.     China welcomes the agreement of the United States and Russia to start negotiations on a new bilateral nuclear disarmament treaty, and hopes that the two countries will further reduce their nuclear arsenals in a verifiable and irreversible manner, Cheng said.

BEIJING, May 1 (Xinhua) -- On the occasion of the International Labor Day on Friday, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao visited workers at a metro construction site in Beijing, extending festival greetings and encouraging them to "strengthen confidence to overcome difficulties brought about by the financial crisis and the influenza epidemic."     Wen told the workers that this year is a very difficult one for China as the country is hit hard by a global financial crisis. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (2nd L) talks with workers as he visits a construction site of Beijing subway in Beijing, capital of China, May 1, 2009. Wen expressed his best regards to the workers here.He added the recent outbreak of H1N1 influenza epidemic (swine flu) in some countries has affected China's economic and social development.     The premier said any difficulty can be overcome as long as people have firm confidence and there is strong leadership of the Chinese Communist Party and the government. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (2nd R) trims vegetables with a canteen worker as he visits a construction site of Beijing subway in Beijing, capital of China, May 1, 2009. Wen expressed his best regards to the workers hereArriving at the construction site of the metro route No.9 along the capital's southern fourth-ring road, Wen wished workers festival happiness and encouraged them to "care and help each other like brothers." Part of the north-south metro line is due to open within this year.     "How long have you been in Beijing?" Wen asked one of the migrant workers.     "Ten years," the worker replied.     "Then you've already a Beijinger," Wen said.     While visiting the construction site, Wen asked detailed questions about the metro construction progress.     "Have your family come to Beijing for the festival?" the premier asked a worker Hui Youquan who was busy setting up a reinforcing steel and spar frame on top of the metro station.     Hui said his family is still at hometown.     Wen told the workers Beijing citizens would be grateful to them for the comfortable subway. He also worked with workers on the spar frame.     He said migrant workers have made great contribution to the country's industrialization and urbanization.     "You have already become a main force of China's working class," Wen said, extending his "gratitude and respect."     The premier said the Party and government have adopted a series of measures to improve migrant workers' working and living conditions, including strengthening their training, establishing a comprehensive social security system and paying great attention to their work safety.     A comprehensive mechanism covering work injury, medical care and pension are being established, he said, adding that safety monitoring devices have been installed on construction sites.     While helping some female workers to trim vegetables, Wen inquired about their working and living conditions.     Entering a canteen, he asked chefs to pay attention to food hygiene and ensure workers to have tasty meals.     Wen felt satisfied when he learned that workers could watch television, read newspapers and magazines and even practise handwriting in their spare time