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BEIJING, Jan. 5 (Xinhua) -- Chinese media organizations on Thursday unveiled the top 10 domestic and international news events of 2011.The selection of news events, the eighth of its kind in China, was jointly carried out by 46 major online media providers, including people.com.cn and Xinhuanet.com.The following are the top 10 domestic news events of 2011:-- China launched a series of tough government measures to cool off the property market, including higher mortgage rates, a ban on third-home mortgage loans and purchase restrictions. The State Council, or China's Cabinet, introduced a policy package urging enhanced efforts to ensure the healthy development of the property sector and to promote the construction of affordable housing units for low-income families.-- More than 90 central government departments publicized their 2010 and 2011 spending on government-funded overseas travel, receptions and official cars upon an order issued after an executive meeting of the State Council in May.-- China's amended Criminal Law criminalized all drunk driving incidents starting May 1. The previous law imposed criminal penalties on drunk drivers only when they caused serious traffic accidents.-- Food safety scandals erupted in great number in 2011. Authorities busted farmers for adding clenbuterol, a known carcinogen, to pig feed in order to grow leaner pigs.-- In a speech delivered on July 1 at a ceremony marking the 90th founding anniversary of the Communist Party of China (CPC), Hu Jintao, general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, hailed the Party's achievements and stressed efforts for the future development of the country and the Party.-- On July 23, a high-speed train rammed into a stalled train near the city of Wenzhou in the eastern province of Zhejiang, leaving 40 dead and 191 injured.-- The launch and safe return of the Shenzhou-8 unmanned spacecraft marked the successful completion of China's first space docking mission, with the spacecraft docking with the Tiangong-1 space lab module.-- A gathering was held on Oct. 9 to commemorate the 100th anniversary of China's 1911 Revolution, which ended 2,000 years of imperial rule in the country by toppling the Qing Dynasty.-- The 17th Central Committee of the CPC concluded its sixth plenary session in October, adopting a landmark guideline for improving the nation's cultural soft power and promoting Chinese culture. The CPC Central Committee also pledged enhanced efforts to promote the healthy and positive development of Internet culture.-- Ethics and morality were heavily discussed in the public sphere, with two incidents stoking debate. In July, a woman in east China's city of Hangzhou caught a two-year-old girl who plunged from the window of a 10th-floor apartment, winning praise from people across the country. However, in late August, a bus driver in east China's Jiangsu province stopped to save an old woman who was hit by a three-wheeled vehicle, only to find himself held accountable for the accident.The following are the top 10 international news events of 2011:-- Strong turbulence was encountered by several countries in western Asia and northern Africa.-- On March 11, a 9.0-magnitude earthquake struck Japan and triggered a huge tsunami, killing over 15,000 people and causing radioactive leaks from several reactors at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant.-- On May 1, U.S. Navy commandos killed al-Qaida leader Osama Bin Laden in a cross-border raid at Abbotabad.-- On July 10, Rupert Murdoch's News International company closed its News of the World tabloid after it was accused of hacking the mobile phones of dead crime victims to access saved messages.-- With the world economy staggering under the European and U.S. debt crises, the Occupy Wall Street movement was launched on Sept. 17, protesting corruption and greed in the financial sector.-- Apple co-founder and longtime Chief Executive Officer Steve Jobs passed away in October at the age of 56 after years of fighting pancreatic cancer.-- On March 19, NATO launched airstrikes in Libya to impose a no-fly zone under a UN Security Council resolution. On Oct. 20, Libya's former leader Muammar Gaddafi was killed as his hometown of Sirte fell to rebel forces.-- A report published by the UN Population Fund showed that the world's population reached 7 billion on Oct. 31, 2011.-- On March 7, U.S. credit rating agency Moody's Investors Service downgraded the credit rating of the Greek sovereign debt to B1, marking the start of the European sovereign debt crisis and worsening the economic situation in the eurozone.-- Kim Jong Il, the top leader of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), died on Dec. 17, 2011 from "a great mental and physical strain."

WASHINGTON, Nov. 24 (Xinhua) -- A new study suggests that the rate of global warming from doubling of atmospheric carbon dioxide may be less than the most dire estimates of some previous studies.Authors of the study, which was funded by the National Science Foundation and published online on Thursday in the journal Science, say that global warming is real and that increases in atmospheric CO2 will have multiple serious impacts. However, the most Draconian projections of temperature increases from the doubling of CO2 are unlikely."Many previous climate sensitivity studies have looked at the past only from 1850 through today, and not fully integrated paleoclimate date, especially on a global scale," said Andreas Schmittner, an Oregon State University researcher and lead author on the Science article. "When you reconstruct sea and land surface temperatures from the peak of the last Ice Age 21,000 years ago -- which is referred to as the Last Glacial Maximum -- and compare it with climate model simulations of that period, you get a much different picture.""If these paleoclimatic constraints apply to the future, as predicted by our model, the results imply less probability of extreme climatic change than previously thought," Schmittner added.Scientists have struggled for years trying to quantify "climate sensitivity" -- which is how the Earth will respond to projected increases of atmospheric carbon dioxide. The 2007 IPCC report estimated that the air near the surface of the Earth would warm on average by two to 4.5 degrees (Celsius) with a doubling of atmospheric CO2 from preindustrial standards. The mean, or " expected value" increase in the IPCC estimates was 3.0 degrees; most climate model studies use the doubling of CO2 as a basic index.The researchers based their study on ice age land and ocean surface temperature obtained by examining ices cores, bore holes, seafloor sediments and other factors. When they first looked at the paleoclimatic data, the researchers only found very small differences in ocean temperatures then compared to now."Our study implies that we still have time to prevent that from happening, if we make a concerted effort to change course soon," said Schmittner.

BEIJING, Jan. 23 (Xinhua) -- Nearly 200,000 local residents and tourists visited parks in Beijing on Monday as a series of celebrations were hosted to mark the first day of the Chinese lunar New Year, the city's park administration said.Festive activities kicked off at Beijing's famous parks, including the Temple of Heaven, the Summer Palace, and the Beihai Park, on Monday to welcome the Year of the Dragon, said Chen Zhiqiang, spokesman for the Beijing Municipal Administration Center of Parks.At the Temple of Heaven, 320 costumed performers on Monday staged a show presenting the royal heaven worship ceremony in the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911).In the one-hour ceremony, thousands of visitors watched as the royal parade marched toward the altar where the "emperor" held a ritual to pray for peace and good harvest in the coming year.At the Summer Palace, the ancient royal garden, a traditional fair opened to public with old-fashioned shops and stands selling items and snacks popular in the old days.The Chinese New Year, which begins on Monday this year, is an important occasion for family dinners, fireworks, and a trip to temple fairs.To cope with the increase in visitors, authorities in Beijing said they have deployed seven police choppers and 910,000 order-maintaining personnel across the city to prevent the breakout of fires and stampedes.