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BEIJING, Jan. 22 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese central government in Beijing pledged Saturday that it would work to ensure smooth and safe traveling for the public as many return home to reunite with families during the Spring Festival.It is expected that some 700 million people are to travel during a 40-day Spring Festival travel period that began Wednesday, but heavy snow and icy rain, which has continued since the new year began, has disrupted traffic and cut water and power supplies to some regions in south and southwest China.The lingering freezing weather also poses great challenges to transportation and railway authorities, as they work to avoid another travel disaster, as was seen in early 2008 when unprecedented heavy snow and freezing rain inundated the south of the country, bringing traffic to a standstill at the peak holiday season.Due to this, the Ministry of Public Security announced on Saturday that it had drawn upon the experiences gained from the 2008 weather disaster, and has ordered local bureaus to begin planning precautionary measures to combat the freezing weather.It also issued orders to local departments beginning in late December to step up snow clearance and make sure expressways and key trunk lines are not closed by snow."More police will be deployed to maintain traffic order and security, and to reduce offences such as drunk driving, speeding, passenger overloading of cars and trucks, and driving while fatigued," Huang Ming, Vice Minister of Public Security, said in a press conference held in Beijing.Meanwhile, over 8,300 service stops would be established across the country in order to provide necessities such as water and medical help to drivers and migrant works returning home for the festival.China's meteorological authority forecast Saturday that snowy weather will weaken in most regions over the next three days, but the eastern areas in southwest China will continue to see more rain and snow.On Sunday, the weather forecast anticipated that moderate snow would hit some regions in Inner Mongolia, Guangxi, and Hainan, as the southwestern province of Guizhou will see more icy rain.Local authorities said nearly 10 million have been affected in Hunan after a blizzard that started Monday, which also forced the evacuation of 73,000 people. About 15 power lines were shut down and 132 roads were closed because of snow and icy rain in Guangxi.As the freezing weather makes travel on roads more difficult, railway stations are seeing surges in passenger numbers.An official with the Ministry of Railways (MOR) said nearly 4.8 million passengers took trains on Jan. 19, the first day of the travel peak season this year, up 11.9 percent compared to the corresponding day last year. The next day, over 4.9 million passengers traveled on railways, up 17.5 percent. The Nanchang railway station even saw passenger number jump 30 percent.The MOR said earlier that it would run an additional 293 pairs of trains per day during the rush period in order to meet climbing passenger demand.Further, the Vice Minister of the country's National Development and Reform Commission, the country's top economic planning body, said the ministry would work with other government departments to implement multiple measures in maintaining a stable supply of coal, electricity, oil, and gas so that residents' demands for heating and power use can be met during the festival.The traditional Chinese Spring Festival, or chun jie in Chinese, is the country's most important festival. It falls on Feb. 3 this year. Workers nationwide enjoy a seven-day holiday that ends on Feb. 8.

WASHINGTON, April 20 (Xinhua) -- Those childhood music lessons could pay off decades later -- even for those who no longer play an instrument -- by keeping the mind sharper as people age, according to a preliminary study published by the American Psychological Association (APA).The study recruited 70 healthy adults age 60 to 83 who were divided into groups based on their levels of musical experience. The musicians performed better on several cognitive tests than individuals who had never studied an instrument or learned how to read music, according to the research findings published Wednesday online in the APA journal Neuropsychology."Musical activity throughout life may serve as a challenging cognitive exercise, making your brain fitter and more capable of accommodating the challenges of aging," said lead researcher Brenda Hanna-Pladdy, a clinical neuropsychologist at the University of Kansas Medical Center. "Since studying an instrument requires years of practice and learning, it may create alternate connections in the brain that could compensate for cognitive declines as we get older."The three groups of study participants included individuals with no musical training; with one to nine years of musical study; or with at least 10 years of musical training. All of the participants had similar levels of education and fitness and didn' t show any evidence of Alzheimer's disease.All of the musicians were amateurs who began playing an instrument at about 10 years of age. More than half played the piano while approximately a quarter had studied woodwind instruments such as the flute or clarinet. Smaller numbers performed with stringed instruments, percussion or brass instruments.The high-level musicians who had studied the longest performed the best on the cognitive tests, followed by the low-level musicians and non-musicians, revealing a trend relating to years of musical practice. The high-level musicians had statistically significant higher scores than the non-musicians on cognitive tests relating to visuospatial memory, naming objects and cognitive flexibility, or the brain's ability to adapt to new information.The brain functions measured by the tests typically decline as the body ages and more dramatically deteriorate in neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease. The results "suggest a strong predictive effect of high musical activity throughout the lifespan on preserved cognitive functioning in advanced age," the study stated.Half of the high-level musicians still played an instrument at the time of the study, but they didn't perform better on the cognitive tests than the other advanced musicians who had stopped playing years earlier. This suggests that the duration of musical study was more important than whether musicians continued playing at an advanced age, Hanna-Pladdy says."Based on previous research and our study results, we believe that both the years of musical participation and the age of acquisition are critical," Hanna-Pladdy says. "There are crucial periods in brain plasticity that enhance learning, which may make it easier to learn a musical instrument before a certain age and thus may have a larger impact on brain development."The preliminary study was correlational, meaning that the higher cognitive performance of the musicians couldn't be conclusively linked to their years of musical study. More research is needed to explore that possible link.

LOS ANGELES, April 8 (Xinhua) -- NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) has discovered a rare asteroid that traces out a horseshoe shape relative to Earth, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) said on Friday.Unlike most near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) that have eccentric, or egg-shaped, orbits that take the asteroids right through the inner solar system, the new object has an orbit that is almost circular such that it cannot come close to any other planet in the solar system except Earth, JPL said.However, even though the asteroid rides around with Earth, it never gets that close, said JPL in Pasadena, Los Angeles.As the asteroid approaches Earth, the planet's gravity causes the object to shift back into a larger orbit that takes longer to go around the sun than Earth. Alternately, as Earth catches up with the asteroid, the planet's gravity causes it to fall into a closer orbit that takes less time to go around the sun than Earth, according to JPL.The asteroid therefore never completely passes our planet. This slingshot-like effect results in a horseshoe-shaped path as seen from Earth, in which the new object, designated 2010 SO16, takes 175 years to get from one end of the horseshoe to the other, JPL said."The origins of this object could prove to be very interesting, " said Amy Mainzer of JPL, the principal investigator of NEOWISE, which is the asteroid- and comet-hunting portion of the WISE survey mission. "We are really excited that the astronomy community is already finding treasures in the NEOWISE data that have been released so far."JPL manages and operates the WISE for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington.

BEIJING, April 19 (Xinhuanet) -- Almost one year after the disastrous oil spill, scientists believe that the overall health of the Gulf of Mexico as nearly back to normal.However, the scientists restrain their optimism about nature's resiliency with the glaring blemishes out there. It's been nearly a year since BP's Gulf of Mexico oil spill began last April, triggering one of the world's worst environmental disasters. Nearly 5 million barrels of oil leaked from the ruptured Deepwater Horizon well during the months-long catastrophe.BP said last November that the disaster cost it nearly 40 billion U.S. dollars, according to a Guardian report.According to a BP survey of researchers, over three dozen scientists grade the Gulf's big picture health a 68 on average, using a 1-to-100 scale.That's just a few points below the 71 the same researchers gave last summer when asked what grade they would give the ecosystem before the spill. And it's an improvement from the 65 given back in October after months of the oil spill.