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As the novel coronavirus emerged in the news in January, Sarah Keeley was working as a medical scribe and considering what to do with her biology degree.By February, as the disease crept across the U.S., Keeley found her calling: a career in public health. “This is something that’s going to be necessary,” Keeley remembered thinking. “This is something I can do. This is something I’m interested in.”In August, Keeley began studying at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign to become an epidemiologist.Public health programs in the United States have seen a surge in enrollment as the coronavirus has swept through the country, killing more than 247,000 people. As state and local public health departments struggle with unprecedented challenges — slashed budgets, surging demand, staff departures and even threats to workers’ safety —- a new generation is entering the field.Among the more than 100 schools and public health programs that use the common application — a single admissions application form that students can send to multiple schools — there was a 20% increase in applications to master’s in public health programs for the current academic year, to nearly 40,000, according to the Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health.Some programs are seeing even bigger jumps. Applications to Brown University’s small master’s in public health program rose 75%, according to Annie Gjelsvik, a professor and director of the program.Demand was so high as the pandemic hit full force in the spring that Brown extended its application deadline by over a month. Seventy students ultimately matriculated this fall, up from 41 last year.“People interested in public health are interested in solving complex problems,” Gjelsvik said. “The COVID pandemic is a complex issue that’s in the forefront every day.”It’s too early to say whether the jump in interest in public health programs is specific to that field or reflects a broader surge of interest in graduate programs in general, according to those who track graduate school admissions. Factors such as pandemic-related deferrals and disruptions in international student admissions make it difficult to compare programs across the board.Magnolia E. Hernández, an assistant dean at Florida International University’s Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, said new student enrollments in its master’s in public health program grew 63% from last year. The school has especially seen an uptick in interest among Black students, from 21% of newly admitted students last fall to 26.8% this year.Kelsie Campbell is one of them. She’s part Jamaican and part British. When she heard in both the British and American media that Black and ethnic minorities were being disproportionately hurt by the pandemic, she wanted to focus on why.“Why is the Black community being impacted disproportionately by the pandemic? Why is that happening?” Campbell asked. “I want to be able to come to you and say, ‘This is happening. These are the numbers and this is what we’re going to do.’”The biochemistry major at Florida International said she plans to explore that when she begins her MPH program at Stempel College in the spring. She said she hopes to eventually put her public health degree to work helping her own community.“There’s power in having people from your community in high places, somebody to fight for you, somebody to be your voice,” she said.Public health students are already working on the front lines of the nation’s pandemic response in many locations. Students at Brown’s public health program, for example, are crunching infection data and tracing the spread of the disease for the Rhode Island Department of Health.Some students who had planned to work in public health shifted their focus as they watched the devastation of COVID-19 in their communities. In college, Emilie Saksvig, 23, double-majored in civil engineering and public health. She was supposed to start working this year as a Peace Corps volunteer to help with water infrastructure in Kenya. She had dreamed of working overseas on global public health.The pandemic forced her to cancel those plans, and she decided instead to pursue a master’s degree in public health at Emory University.“The pandemic has made it so that it is apparent that the United States needs a lot of help, too,” she said. “It changed the direction of where I wanted to go.”These students are entering a field that faced serious challenges even before the pandemic exposed the strains on the underfunded patchwork of state and local public health departments. An analysis by The Associated Press and Kaiser Health News found that since 2010, per capita spending for state public health departments has dropped by 16%, and for local health departments by 18%. At least 38,000 state and local public health jobs have disappeared since the 2008 recession.And the workforce is aging: Forty-two percent of governmental public health workers are over 50, according to the de Beaumont Foundation, and the field has high turnover. Before the pandemic, nearly half of public health workers said they planned to retire or leave their organizations for other reasons in the next five years. Poor pay topped the list of reasons. Some public health workers are paid so little that they qualify for public aid.Brian Castrucci, CEO of the de Beaumont Foundation, which advocates for public health, said government public health jobs need to be a “destination job” for top graduates of public health schools.“If we aren’t going after the best and the brightest, it means that the best and the brightest aren’t protecting our nation from those threats that can, clearly, not only devastate from a human perspective, but from an economic perspective,” Castrucci said.The pandemic put that already stressed public health workforce in the middle of what became a pitched political battle over how to contain the disease. As public health officials recommended closing businesses and requiring people to wear masks, many, including Dr. Anthony Fauci, the U.S. government’s top virus expert, faced threats and political reprisals, AP and KHN found. Many were pushed out of their jobs. An ongoing count by AP/KHN has found that more than 100 public health leaders in dozens of states have retired, quit or been fired since April.Those threats have had the effect of crystallizing for students the importance of their work, said Patricia Pittman, a professor of health policy and management at George Washington University’s Milken Institute School of Public Health.“Our students have been both indignant and also energized by what it means to become a public health professional,” Pittman said. “Indignant because many of the local and the national leaders who are trying to make recommendations around public health practices were being mistreated. And proud because they know that they are going to be part of that frontline public health workforce that has not always gotten the respect that it deserves.”Saksvig compared public health workers to law enforcement in the way they both have responsibility for enforcing rules that can alter people’s lives.“I feel like before the coronavirus, a lot of people didn’t really pay attention to public health,” she said. “Especially now when something like a pandemic is happening, public health people are just on the forefront of everything.”___KHN Midwest correspondent Lauren Weber and KHN senior correspondent Anna Maria Barry-Jester contributed to this report.___This story is a collaboration between The Associated Press and Kaiser Health News, which is a nonprofit news service covering health issues. It is an editorially independent program of the Kaiser Family Foundation. KHN is not affiliated with Kaiser Permanente. 7795

AURORA, Colo. — Thousands of people gathered for hours over the weekend, demanding justice in the Elijah McClain case after Colorado's governor appointed a special prosecutor to review the case earlier this week. The demonstrations were largely peaceful, but police used pepper spray on the crowd Friday evening after declaring protesters were unlawfully assembled and after what the police chief called a small group of people throwing sticks and rocks at officers.Around 1 p.m., thousands began gathering at the Aurora Municipal Center for a planned protest organized by the Party for Socialism and Liberation.About an hour later, the group marched onto Interstate 225. However, police shut the interstate down before protesters arrived. The interstate was closed in both directions from Mississippi Avenue to 6th Avenue as protesters continued to block traffic on the highway before marching onto 6th Avenue. 919

As so many massive data breaches have shown, there's no way to completely protect your information from swindlers.But being aware of fraudulent schemes — especially during tax season — can minimize your bad luck. And it can protect you from IRS penalties, interest and in some cases criminal prosecution if you fall for them.Here are 12 of the biggest tax scams the IRS is flagging this year:1. Phone scams: Put simply, anyone who calls or texts you unsolicited and claims to be from the IRS is a fraud. The IRS will never call, text or email you out of the blue. It will never ask you to wire cash or provide bank and credit card numbers. It will never call to threaten you with arrest or deportation.So, if you're contacted, don't give out any information about yourself. Just hang up.2. Phishing: Emails enticing you to click on a link and give up personal information (name, Social Security number, bank account numbers, etc.) are a scourge of daily life.This tax season the IRS is seeing a new twist on phishing: Unexpected deposits of tax refunds in your bank account.Criminals who've stolen your tax and banking information from elsewhere file a fraudulent tax return in your name and have the refund deposited in your account. They then will contact you by phone or email pretending to be from the IRS or a collection agency, claiming a refund was deposited erroneously in your account and ordering you to send it to them.In other email schemes, criminals may pose as your bank or other legitimate institution you know to get you to fork over your passwords, Social Security number and other valuable information.3. Tax return preparer fraud: Most tax preparers may be honest. But there are still many unscrupulous ones.One telltale sign of a fraudster: They base their fee on the size of your refund and encourage you to take tax breaks you're not entitled to or to under-report your income to inflate your refund.Another: They don't insist you give them records and receipts. Or they ask you to sign a blank return.Before giving any information to a new preparer, ask for an IRS Preparer Tax Identification Number. You can also search the IRS directory of credentialed preparers. If he says he's a CPA, check your State Board of Accountancy. Or for attorneys, check with your State Bar Association.Also, make sure he can e-file returns. Preparers who have more than 10 clients have to be able to do that.4. Falsely inflating refunds: Scam artists posing as tax preparers may file false information on your return all for the purpose of inflating your refund.They may report deductions, credits or exemptions you don't qualify for. Or they may try to report your taxable income as zero through the use of bogus forms.5. Falsely inflating income: Some fraudsters try to inflate your income — reporting wages or self-employment income you didn't earn — to qualify you for a refundable credit like the Earned Income Tax Credit.6. Falsely padding deductions: Some tax preparers may encourage you to overstate your deductions, such as charitable contributions, to get a larger refund or reduce what you owe.7. Improperly claiming business credits: If a tax preparer encourages you to take a business credit like the research and development tax credit or the fuel tax credit, make sure you're eligible first.Here's a break down of how to qualify..8. Making frivolous tax arguments: Did you know that the First Amendment lets you refuse to pay taxes on moral or religious grounds?Well, it doesn't.But anyone who tries to snooker you into believing that it does — or tries to sell you on other too-good-to-be-true ideas — is encouraging you to engage in frivolous tax arguments to lower your tax obligations.9. Abusive tax shelters: If someone tries to sell you on the idea of protecting your money from taxes through a complicated scheme, be wary. It could be an illegal tax shelter.The IRS this year is particularly attuned to so-called "micro-captive" insurance structures. While some are legitimate, there are cases where "promoters, accountants, or wealth planners persuade owners of closely-held entities to participate in schemes that lack many of the attributes of genuine insurance," the agency noted.Before signing on to any type of shelter: Ask the person trying to sell you the product whether she's collecting a referral fee from anyone, and get a second opinion about the set-up from a trusted, independent tax adviser.10. Fake charities: Groups asking for money that have names or websites very similar to well-known charities may be scams. To verify whether they're a qualified charity to which contributions are tax deductible, ask for the group's Employer Identification Number and enter it into the IRS Exempt Organizations Select Check.11. Hiding money offshore: There is nothing wrong with having money offshore so long as you report your foreign accounts to the IRS every year, and pay whatever US taxes are owed on them. But if anyone tries to sell you on an account in another country or non-US territory and promises your money will be protected from US taxes and IRS detection, that's likely an offshore tax cheating scheme.12. Identity theft: The good news is reports of tax-related identity theft have gone down. The bad news? It's still a big risk. Thieves armed with your Social Security number or Individual Taxpayer Identification Number can file a return in your name and claim your refund before you do.The best way to protect yourself is to be vigilant about not falling for the most prevalent tax scams listed here.And never give your personal information to untrustworthy sources.  5633

ATLANTA, Ga. – While residents along the Gulf Coast seek shelter from Hurricane Laura, they should still keep the threat of COVID-19 in mind.Emergency managers, shelter managers, and public health professionals are taking measures to reduce the possible spread of the coronavirus among people who seek safety in a disaster shelter during severe weather events like this.For those staying in a shelter during the storm, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) offered some tips to lower the risk of coronavirus infection:Preparing to shelterIf you need to evacuate, the CDC says to prepare a “go kit” with personal items you cannot do without during an emergency. That includes items that can help protect you and others from COVID-19, like hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol, soap, disinfectant wipes, and two masks for each person.Know a safe place to shelter and have several ways to receive weather alerts, such as the National Weather Service’s cell phone alerts, NOAA Weather Radio, or NWS alerts on Twitter.Find out if your local public shelter is open, in case you need to evacuate your home and go there. Your shelter location may be different this year due to the COVID-19 pandemic.Follow guidance from your local public health or emergency management officials on when and where to shelter.Make a plan and prepare a disaster kit for your pets. Find out if your disaster shelter will accept pets. Typically, when shelters accommodate pets, the pets are housed in a separate area from people.Follow safety precautions when using transportation to evacuate. If you have to travel away from your community to evacuate, follow safety precautions for travelers to protect yourself and others from COVID-19.While in a public shelterPractice social distancing. Stay at least 6 feet from other people outside of your household.Follow CDC COVID-19 preventive actions—wash your hands often, cover coughs and sneezes, and follow shelter policies for wearing masks. Avoid sharing food and drink with anyone if possible.Follow disaster shelter policies and procedures designed to protect everyone in the shelter, especially those who are at higher risk for severe illness from COVID-19, including older adults and people of any age who have serious underlying medical conditions.Avoid touching high-touch surfaces, such as handrails, as much as possible. Wash hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds or use hand sanitizers with at least 60% alcohol immediately after you touch these surfaces.Keep your living area in the shelter clean and disinfect frequently touched items such as toys, cellphones, and other electronics.If you feel sick when you arrive at the shelter or start to feel sick while sheltering, tell shelter staff immediately.Keeping children safe in sheltersTeach and reinforce everyday preventive actions for keeping children healthy.Make sure children aged 2 and older wear masks. Masks should not be used by children under the age of 2. They also should not be used by people having trouble breathing, or who are unconscious, incapacitated, or unable to remove the mask without assistance.Be a good role model—if you wash your hands often, your children are more likely to do the same.Help your children stay at least 6 feet away from anyone who is not in your household.Watch your child for any signs of illness and tell shelter staff if your child may be ill.Try to deal with the disaster calmly and confidently, as this can provide the best support for your children. Help children cope with emergencies. 3559

AVALON, Calif. (AP) — The nonprofit organization that owns a majority of California’s Santa Catalina Island plans to boost eco-tourism by adding more bison to existing herds, recharging a debate over their environmental impacts. The Los Angeles Times reports the Catalina Island Conservancy says there has not been a bison calf born on the island in seven years and the herd size has dwindled to 100. The conservancy board is working to bring two pregnant bison to the island. A biologist says bison herds stay on isolated patches of grass and adding more animals will not result in more bison sightings by eco-tourists. 628

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