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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — The back-to-back announcements of promising clinical trial results from Pfizer and Moderna may usher in a new era for vaccine technology.Both companies have candidates that rely on a new kind of vaccine strategy: RNA. Preliminary data show both candidates are more than 90 percent effective.On the surface, the vaccine candidates look like any other you’ve taken. They work by training your body to build up defensive weapons against a virus, like antibodies and T-cells.But instead of training your body by introducing a killed virus or a fragment of a virus, the vaccines from Moderna and Pfizer introduce a set of instructions called messenger RNA enclosed in a little blob of fat.“The key concept of RNA is that they’re messages, and they’re meant as short-term messages,” said Dr. Shane Crotty of the La Jolla Institute for Immunology.Crotty said there are 5,000 to 10,000 messages within a cell at any given time.Once administered, the mRNA in the vaccine instructs some of your cells to make the coronavirus’ signature spike protein. The spike protein on the surface of the coronavirus allows it to infiltrate and hijack cells.Even though the spike protein is just one of about 25 genes the virus has, preliminary results from the clinical trials suggest it is enough material to train the immune system without making the recipient sick.Crotty likened the process of training the immune system to spotting a sedan. If the coronavirus is a car, the spike protein might be the door.“There's no way that car door could turn into a whole car, but it's enough of a piece of a car for your immune system to recognize that car if it saw it again,” he said.Scientists started by sequencing the virus’ DNA from a sick patient, then encoding that genetic sequence into an mRNA instruction molecule that can be read by the manufacturing part of cells.From there, Dr. Crotty said it’s a bit like the messenger app Snapchat.The mRNA gets injected into the body, sending temporary instructions to your cells that last for a while, then disappear. mRNA does not genetically modify cells, he stressed.“They’re around as messages for some period of time and then they go away, and the cells get back to their normal job of reading their own messages instead of reading the messages you’re injecting in the vaccine,” he said.The concept has been around since the 1990s, but there are currently no RNA vaccines on the market for any pathogen, so Dr. Crotty said it’s hard to estimate how long their protective effects will last.Some vaccines offer a lifetime of protection, like the measles vaccine. Others offer decades of protection. The flu vaccine only lasts about six months.Dr. Crotty said the length of protection depends on how fast the virus mutates and how long the immune cells survive in the body.But even if the COVID-19 vaccine turns out to need an annual update, he’s optimistic. The best feature of RNA vaccines is that they can be quickly reprogrammed.Both Moderna and Pfizer are still in their Phase 3 trials, but they expect to finish them by December. Together, they estimate they’ll have enough doses for about 35 million people by the end of this year, primarily for healthcare workers and high-risk individuals. 3250

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - The first round of artists for San Diego’s Wonderfront music festival, supported by the star power of Tony Hawk, Trevor Hoffman, and Rob Machado, was announced Monday. The event will take place on seven stages in parks and on piers along the Port of San Diego, from South Embarcadero up to Broadway Pier. Wonderfront is scheduled for Nov. 22-24, 2019, the weekend before Thanksgiving. Wonderfront organizers plan to mix well-known stars with local favorites and emerging artists. “Our goal with this lineup was to have it stacked from start to finish each day with great artists. It’s hard to really call any certain bands our so-called headliners as so many lines of bands on this festival are all headliners in their own right,” said Wonderfront co-founder Paul Thornton. The first round of artists, announced Monday, include Miguel, Slightly Stoopid, Ben Harper & The Innocent Criminals, MGMT, Dimitri Vegas & Like Mike, Nicky Jam, Don Omar, Vince Staples, Tyga, Los Angeles Azules, Tucanes de Tijuana, Walk the Moon, Phantogram, X Ambassadors, Michael Franti & Spearhead, Lil Dicky, Big Gigantic, and Pennywise. A second round of artists will be named later in the summer, organizers said. North County resident Tony Hawk will have a presence at the festival with the Huckjam stage for music and a skateboarding ramp, where he and other pro skaters will perform tricks. “I’m excited to bring back the Huckjam format (choreographed and freestyle skating with live music) after 10 years of hiatus, and there is no better place for it than my hometown. I’m proud to be involved with Wonderfront, and it’s been a blast helping handpick the legendary punk bands for our stage.” Tony Hawk, Wonderfront Festival Partner. Tickets go on sale Friday, June 14 at 10 a.m. and start at 9 for a three-day pass, according to organizers. Subscribers to the festival’s WonderLIST will have access to pre-sale Early Bird discounts June 7.Get more information on the Wonderfront website. 2014

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - The former head of the Poway Unified School District appeared in court Monday for a preliminary hearing on five felony charges.Officials charged John Collins with misappropriating and misuse of public money.The complaint accuses Collins of misappropriation of public money dealing with vacation time and sick leave. Poway Unified fired Collins in 2017 after a scathing audit had alleged he received more than 0,000 in overpayments and unauthorized payments.The audit also claims there were an additional ,000 in other transactions that violated district policy and some questionable purchases for airline tickets, dinners and hotel fees.Collins attorney did not respond to 10News request for a comment, but in the past, Collins denied engaging in conduct that was dishonest.If convicted on all charges, Collins could face more than seven years behind bars. 894

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - The city of San Diego has a long to-do list when it comes to improving their Bridge homeless shelters. On Saturday morning, 300 people moved into the new Alpha Project bridge shelter in East Village, after the facility was flooded on December 6th. But for all of those residents, their stay is temporary. “This exists for one reason. To help people get back onto their feet. To help them get that apartment, and get that job,” Mayor Kevin Faulconer said while pointing at the mended Alpha Project tent.After contaminated flood water inundated the area, the city scrambled for a week to reopen the shelter. For nine days, residents spent their nights at SDCCU stadium. Once the East Village facility was sterilized and fixed, residents were bused back and moved into their bunks Saturday morning. But the city faces several other challenges. According to FEMA, the improved Alpha Project tent housing sits directly on top of a floodplain. Instead of rebuilding on a lower-risk area, the city decided to rehouse 325 residents in the same spot. In response, City Senior Press Secretary and Public Policy Manager, Greg Block sent 10News this statement: 1175

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Surveillance video and photographs were released Tuesday in the search for three men suspected of an armed robbery at a Mission Valley apartment complex. The men approached a man and woman in the parking structure of the Millennium Apartments at 5080 Camino Del Arroyo at 11:30 p.m. Mar. 20, San Diego Police said. Officers said the men spoke Spanish and told the victims, “Give me everything you have! Fast!” The men took luggage and a purse from the victims and were last seen running onto Camino del Rio North, according to investigators.Police believe the men may have driven away from the area in a white, early 2000’s Hyundai Sonata or Kia Optima eastbound on Camino del Rio North, then north on Camino del Arroyo. The first man was Hispanic, 26 to 32 years old, with a stocky build. He was wearing a black hoodie, dark pants, white shoes, and a black hat with white lettering. Police said the second man was Hispanic, 25 to 30 years old, with a stocky build. He had on a black t-shirt, black shorts, black shoes with white accents, and a black hat. The third man was Hispanic, 30 to 40 years old, with an athletic build, black and silver Raiders track jacket, black pants, black shoes with white accents, and a black hat. Anyone with information can provide anonymous tips to Crime Stoppers at 888-580-8477. Tips leading to an arrest can result in a ,000 reward. 1398