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Police reform has been at the forefront of protests the past few weeks, following the death of George Floyd in Minneapolis.The qualified immunity doctrine is getting a lot of attention.“Qualified immunity is a doctrine that was created by the Supreme Court in 1967 in a case called Pierson v. Ray, and when the Supreme Court announced the existence of qualified immunity, they described it as a good faith defense,” Joanna Schwartz, a professor at the UCLA School of Law, said.However, there have been debates on how this doctrine can be used.In recent weeks, Congressman Justin Amash proposed the “Ending Qualified Immunity Act” (H.R. 7085).“Qualified immunity is just another example of a justice system that is not working for people, and preventing people from getting the redress they deserve,” Representative Justin Amash (L-Michigan) said.So, we dove into qualified immunity with Joanna Shwartz, a law professor who studies civil rights litigation, and Justin Smith, a sheriff in Larimer County, Colorado.“Qualified immunity first of all has nothing to do with criminal immunity,” Sheriff Justin Smith said. Smith has been with the Larimer County Sheriff’s Department for nearly three decades.“Who in their right mind would build a career on running towards gun fire and confronting an armed suspect? Why would you do it without some type of civil protection?,” he explained.We sat down with him as he explained why qualified immunity is important for his officers. “I’d simply ask the question to the average American, is a police officer expected to be perfect in all of their actions in a split second?,” he asked. Smith said without qualified immunity, one incorrect decision made by an officer could cost a lot. “If you didn’t call that exactly right by one judges interpretation, that's a lawsuit,” he said.“Every time the officer puts on the shirt, the badge, straps on the firearm, comes to work, every action they take responding to a case essentially is as if they went to Vegas and they walked up to the table, placed a five dollar bet, and in Colorado for example, would cost them up to 0,000. Who's going to make that bet?,” Smith explained.However, those who want qualified immunity removed say the doctrine has changed over the years and it’s not necessary to protect officers who act in good faith when it comes to protection of rights.“Concerns about split second decision making...are already protected from liability by the Supreme Court's construction of what the Fourth Amendment allows. Qualified immunity is unnecessary to do that,” Schwartz explained.She went on to explain why she believes that qualified immunity isn’t necessary for the protection of money, either. “I studied lawsuit payouts across the country over several years, I found that police officer personally contributed .02 percent of the total dollars paid to plaintiffs,” she said.Schwartz said while the doctrine was originally created as a good faith defense, it has changed over the years to make it harder for people to file lawsuits against officers. “In order to defeat qualified immunity, find a prior case with virtually identical facts in which a court announced that that conduct was unconstitutional,” she said.Which has been an issue for James King from Michigan, who told a reporter he was assaulted by an officer in plain clothes in a mistaken identity case. The incident was caught on camera back in July 2014. “The simple fact is the majority of this time this situation happens to anyone, they have no recourse,” King said.Officers are often forced to make decisions in a split second. “This is a risk taking profession,” Smith said. “We can say the criminal justice system isn't perfect and that's accurate. Nothing in society is perfect. I think it’s overall improved significantly over the years.”But Schwartz thinks officers acting in good faith can be protected by other measures.“Qualified immunity is not necessary or well suited to play that role in weeding out insubstantial cases,” she said.Both Smith and Schwartz agree that when looking at proposed changes to qualified immunity on the federal and state level, it’s important to look at what officers the bill is including -- whether that be local, county, state, or federal officers.“Congress’ bills at this moment only end qualified immunity for state and local officials,” Schwartz explained. “As we are thinking about state and local law enforcement, we should not overlook the role of federal law enforcement and other government officials.” 4534

Owning a vehicle, or even renting one, can be very costly. But there's a company, referred as the Airbnb of cars, that claims to help you make and save money.The California-based company Turo is a peer-to-peer carsharing service. Christie and her husband heard about the online car rental service two years ago. With having to care for three children, they decided it was time to make some extra cash, so they posted their car for rent on Turo. "It's really just posting pictures of your car, and they set you up with a photographer if you want professional pictures done of your car," explains Christie.Depending on how new and nice your vehicle is, Christie says Turo allows you to price your car accordingly. Her Jeep Wrangler rents for 9 a day. At first, Christie says they raked in about 0 a month, which was just enough to pay the car payment. But as they got more reviews from renters, they were making enough to supplement an income. "I would say our profit, 0 at least," says Christie. "During the summer months, it can be up to ,400 in profit."Making that kind of money is great. But, Christie says there are a few sacrifices you have to be willing to make. "If somebody books last minute, it's kind of being able to rearrange my schedule to be able to meet them."A majority of the time, Christie has to drive 30 minutes to the airport to drop the car off with the renter at the airport. Another downside: a lot of miles have been put on her car. She says in just two years, renters have put 51,000 miles on her Jeep. Not only does Christie rent out her car, but she has actually rented a car through Turo while on vacation in Saint Louis. She says her family was on a tight budget. They found a compact car for 0 for an entire week.If she went through a well-known national car rental service, it would have cost her around 1 a week. She saved 1 by renting through Turo. When Christie meets a renter, she checks their driver's license and gives them the keys. It's that simple and easy to use.  2143

Petty Facebook drama can be uncomfortable and a little tacky but generally speaking, no one's really worried about going to jail over it.That is, until Anne King and a friend found themselves behind bars for a few hours in 2015 after bad-mouthing King's ex-husband, a sheriff's deputy in Washington County, Georgia, on Facebook. Now King is suing her ex and his colleague for violating her constitutional rights.A short Facebook tiff results in jail time 462

OXON HILL, Md. (AP) — The finals of the Scripps National Spelling Bee have begun, with 50 kids on stage competing for more than ,000 in cash and prizes and a new, custom-designed trophy.This year's bee had the biggest field ever, with 562 spellers, more than half of whom got in through Scripps' wild-card program. Last year was the first time that wild cards were allowed into the bee, and the eventual champion was a wild card.Thursday's finalists include nine spellers who finished in at least a tie for 10th last year. The field will be narrowed to about a dozen spellers in the morning and early afternoon before the prime-time finals on ESPN.The last 14 champions and 19 of the past 23 have been Indian-American. 729

Please note this article is written as an explanatory piece from a writer for our content partners at CNN Newsource.Amazon turned the trunk of my car into a mailbox.The tech giant has launched a new service in 37 US cities that delivers packages to the trunks of cars for free. The catch? You need to be a Prime member.I spent a week testing the service and became convinced this is the future of urban deliveries -- for those with the right cars.  461

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