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BEIJING, Oct. 13 (Xinhuanet) -- Scientists have decoded the genome of Black Death which caused one of the worst plagues in human history.The finding was published Wednesday in the scientific journal Nature.A team of German, Canadian and American scientists collected the bacteria's DNA from ancient plague victims' teeth and bones, which were excavated from the burial ground in London.With a careful NDA comparison between the ancient bacteria and the modern strains, scientists found the direct variant of the medieval bacteria still exist today.Black Death's descendants kill around 2,000 people a year, mostly in the developing world, the scientist said."This will provide us with direct insights into the evolution of human pathogens and historical pandemics," said Johannes Krause Of Germany's University of Tubingen, who worked on the study.Black Death, the fatal plague of medieval Europe, wiped out some 30 million people -- about 50 percent of the population on the continent, within just five years, between 1347 and 1351.

JIUQUAN/BEIJING, Nov. 1 (Xinhua) -- Commander-in-chief of China's manned space program Chang Wanquan announced early Tuesday that the launch of Shenzhou-8 unmanned spacecraft was successful.The spacecraft was sent into the designated orbit after the blastoff at 5:58 a.m. from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest Gobi desert, carried by an upgraded Long March-2F rocket.It is heading for rendezvous with Tiangong-1, or "the Heavenly Palace" that was put into space on Sept. 29 for the country's first space docking.The move, if successful, will pave the way for China to operate a permanent space station around 2020 and make the nation the world's third to do so.The combined photo taken on Nov. 1, 2011 shows the blast-off of a modified model of the Long March CZ-2F rocket carrying the unmanned spacecraft Shenzhou-8 at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China's Gansu Province. Commander-in-chief of China's manned space program Chang Wanquan announced that the launch of the spacecraft was successful.Chinese Vice Premier Zhang Dejiang viewed the launch at the Jiuquan center. The launch was also observed on site by senior officials from the European Space Agency and the German Aerospace Center.The docking is scheduled to occur within two days after the launch of Shenzhou-8 and at a height of 343 km above the Earth's surface. It will return to the Earth after two docking tryouts.Chinese and German scientists will conduct 17 life science space experiments on the Chinese spacecraft Shenzhou-8, Wu Ping, spokeswoman for China's manned space program, said Monday.To ensure the success of the mission, Chinese space engineers have made "considerable modifications" on Shenzhou-8 to previous versions of the spacecraft.Shenzhou-8, with a length of nine meters and a maximum diameter of 2.8 meters, has a liftoff weight of 8.082 tonnes."More than half of the 600 or so sets of equipment have been modified, while newly designed devices account for about 15 percent of the total," Wu said.The modifications were mainly aimed at arming the spacecraft with automatic and manual rendezvous and docking capacities, and enhancing the vehicle's performance, safety and reliability, Wu said."After the improvements, the spacecraft will be able to connect with the target spacecraft Tiangong-1 for 180 days," Wu said.The unmanned spacecraft is also equipped with devices for recording real images and mechanical parameters during its flight, to test the space docking before a manned attempt.Once China has mastered the technologies of rendezvous and docking, it will be equipped with the basic technologies and capacity required for building a space station, said Zhou Jianping, chief designer of China's manned space program.Tuesday's mission will be followed by launches of spaceships Shenzhou-9 and -10 in 2012, which are also expected to dock with Tiangong-1. "At least one mission of the two will be manned," Wu said.The crew members, including probably two female astronauts, have already been selected for the possible manual space docking mission in 2012 and are being trained for manual docking skills.The space docking tests and experiments will provide crucial experience of China's construction of a 60-tonne permanent manned space station around 2020 when Chinese astronauts are expected to operate more research projects in space."It will make it possible for China to carry out space exploration of a larger scale," Zhou said.

SINGAPORE, Dec. 18 (Xinhua) -- Two Chinese Navy ships called at Singapore's Changi port on Sunday on their way back to China from an escort mission in the Gulf of Aden and the waters off Somali.The destroyer Wuhan and the frigate Yulin were part of the ninth flotilla dispatched by China in July to guard commercial ships in the troubled waters against pirates.They are stopping over in Singapore for three days to replenish fuel, water and other logistic supplies, officials said.The task force will also have exchanges with the Singapore side on anti-pirate efforts, and visit Singapore's Information Fusion Center, which is aimed to promote collaboration and information sharing in maritime security.The Chinese sailors were received at the port in Changi Naval Base on Sunday morning by Colonel Tan Kai Cheong, commander of the 3rd Flotilla, Singapore Navy; Chinese Ambassador to Singapore Wei Wei and other Chinese diplomats, as well as representatives of Chinese companies and the Chinese community in Singapore.Guan Jianguo, commander of the Chinese flotilla, said the task force left the port of Zhanjiang in Guangdong province on July 2. The two Chinese naval warships made port calls in Kuwait and Oman for friendly visits before stopping over at Singapore.The Chinese flotilla escorted 280 commercial vessels, including both Chinese and foreign ships, during the five months of the escort mission in the Gulf of Aden and the waters off Somali.Sixteen of the escorted vessels were Singapore-registered.The Chinese task force and the anti-pirate flotilla dispatched by Singapore also organized exchange visits, and the commanders of the two flotillas also met for exchanges.The Chinese Navy ships will leave Singapore on Tuesday for their home country.

BEIJING, Nov. 3 (Xinhua) -- Two Chinese spacecraft accomplished the country's first space docking procedure early Thursday, silently coupling in space more than 343 km above Earth's surface.Nearly two days after it was launched, the unmanned spacecraft Shenzhou-8 docked with space lab module Tiangong-1 at 1:36 a.m., marking another great leap for China's space program.The success of the docking procedure makes China the third country in the world, after the United States and Russia, to master the technique, moving the country one step closer to establishing its own space station.A video grab taken from the China Central Television on Nov.3, 2011 shows the Shenzhou-8 spacecraft docking with the Tiangong-1 space lab module. Unmanned spacecraft Shenzhou-8 docked with space lab module Tiangong-1 early Thursday, according to the Beijing Aerospace Control Center.President Hu Jintao, who is in France for the G-20 summit, sent a congratulatory message on the success of the country's first-ever space docking."Breakthroughs in and acquisition of space docking technologies are vital to the three-phase development strategy of our manned space program," Hu said in the message.Hu said he wishes all the program participants to try all out to fulfill a complete success of the whole mission after the smooth docking.Other leaders, including Wu Bangguo, Wen Jiabao, Li Changchun, Xi Jinping, Li Keqiang, He Guoqiang and Zhou Yongkang, who are Standing Committee members of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, watched the mission at the Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center.China is now equipped with the basic technology and capacity required for the construction of a space station, said Zhou Jianping, chief designer of China's manned space program."This will make it possible for China to carry out space exploration on a larger scale," he said."The capability increases China's ability to act independently in space, as well as its ability to cooperate with others," said Gregory Kulacki, senior analyst and China project manager at the global security program of the Union of Concerned Scientists, a nonprofit scientific advocacy group based in the United States."China's pursuit of an original solution to space docking, that is based on their understanding of the experience of other nations, could lead to innovations or experiences other space-faring nations could find useful," Kulacki said.The world's first space docking was achieved in 1966, when the manned U.S. spacecraft Gemini 8 docked with an unmanned Agena Target Vehicle.Forty-five years later, the maneuver remains a technological challenge. Many of mankind's 300-plus attempts have been met with difficulties or resulted in failure."To link up two vehicles traveling at 7.8 km per second in orbit, with a margin of error of no more than 20 centimeters, is like 'finding a needle in a haystack'," Zhou said.The Shenzhou-8 and Tiangong-1 will separate after flying together for 12 days. After that a second docking procedure will be conducted.Rendezvous and docking, essential to exploring space beyond Earth's orbit, create the possibility of building space stations, resupplying them, transferring astronauts and rescuing them.Without this key know-how, exploration of the moon and beyond requires carrier rockets with significant amounts of thrust. China does not currently possess rockets of this magnitude.Shenzhou-8 and Tiangong-1 both weigh about 8 metric tons, well within the delivery capacity of the Long March 2F rocket. A permanent orbiting space station is designed to be as heavy as 60 metric tons, with docking ports accommodating both manned and freight space vehicles.The interior of both the Shenzhou-8 and Tiangong-1 is an actual environment in which astronauts can live and work. After the Shenzhou-8 tests, the Tiangong-1 will remain a target orbiter for more docking procedures in 2012 by the Shenzhou-9 and -10 spacecraft, at least one of which will be manned to conduct manual docking.Although the Shenzhou-8 is unmanned, it is equipped with devices to record images and data that will help China make improvements to its spacecraft design and astronaut training.Two female astronauts are now believed to be on the active duty roster for future Shenzhou missions, said Chen Shanguang, director of the Astronaut Center of China (ACC)."We must assess both male and female astronauts to verify if human beings can live in space, as there are huge differences between men and women in spite of their common generalities," Chen said."Space exploration activities would be incomplete without the participation of female astronauts," Chen said.The Chinese spacecraft also feature collaborative space experiments under the framework of a Chinese-German science and technology cooperation.German scientists designed bio-incubators for the experiments, while their Chinese counterparts were in charge of the development of control equipment, China's manned space program spokeswoman Wu Ping said.

SAN FRANCISCO, Dec. 2 (Xinhua) -- Only two weeks after its shipment, Amazon's Kindle Fire has already shown the momentum to grab the second place in global tablet computer market, research firm IHS predicted on Friday.Amazon is expected to ship 3.9 million Kindle Fire tablets during the last three months of 2011, the first quarter the product goes on sale, according to preliminary projection from IHS.The number will give Amazon a 13.8-percent share of global tablet market in the fourth quarter, surpassing the 4.8 percent held by No. 3 player Samsung, and second only to Apple's commanding 65.6 percent market share."Nearly two years after Apple Inc. rolled out the iPad, a competitor has finally developed an alternative which looks like it might have enough of Apple's secret sauce to succeed," Rhoda Alexander, senior manager of tablet and monitor research for IHS, said in a statement."Initial market response strongly suggests that Amazon, with the Kindle Fire, has found the right combination of savvy pricing, astute marketing, accessible content and an appropriate business model, positioning the Kindle Fire to appeal to a brand-new set of media tablet buyers," she added.IHS analysts noted that with a price tag of 199 U.S. dollars, the Kindle Fire has set a new bar for pricing, bringing the tablet within reach of a larger portion of the buying public.IHS expects Kindle Fire's rapid ascent to help fuel the expansion of the entire tablet market, now predicting that 64.7 million tablets will be shipped in 2011, higher than its previous forecast of 60 million issued in August.The total tablet shipment number this year will represent a 273- percent growth from 17.4 million units in 2010, said IHS, which has also increased its longer-term projection of global tablet shipment in 2015 to 287.2 million units.