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EL CAJON, Calif. (KGTV) - 10News got to ride along with the CHP Thursday in the middle of “Distracted driving awareness month.”Despite new laws, crashes attributed to distracted driving went up between 2013 and 2015 by nearly 12 percent.“It’s been a law for so long now, there’s not many people that don’t know you’re not supposed to have your cell phone in your hands,” said Officer Travis Garrow.But he said people who he pulls over are often confused if they had been using their phone at a red light. That is still illegal he says.“Our message is just to put the phones away, just turn them off. Put them in the center console, put them in the glove box,” he said. “Somewhere that won’t distract you.”The cost of a distracted driving ticket is determined by a judge, but first time offenders typically pay around 0. They are not considered moving violations however so they do not count as a point on driving records. 932

During the last few months, many health experts have been talking about reaching “herd immunity” with the distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine. Over the Christmas weekend, Dr. Anthony Fauci said he estimates the country needs to reach 80-85% with the vaccine to attain herd immunity.Here’s what that means.Herd immunity is a concept used in discussions about vaccination, and signifies the threshold needed for a population as a whole to be protected from a virus.The World Health Organization clarifies that herd immunity, or population immunity, “is achieved by protecting people from a virus, not by exposing them to it.”The Mayo Clinic also describes the situation following the 1918 Spanish Flu outbreak. They say people who survived the pandemic were later immune to infection of the H1N1 flu, also referred to as swine flu.Health experts warn that relying on community infection to create herd immunity could be dangerous; there are questions about how long the antibodies created by infection protect against reinfection, and a high level of community infection could lead to overwhelmed medical facilities and a high number of deaths.When the threshold of herd immunity is reached, it means the vast majority of a population is vaccinated and has antibodies, thereby lowering the overall amount of community spread of the virus. It also means portions of the population who cannot get vaccinated are kept safer by the limited spread.What that threshold is varies depending on the virus and the efficacy of the vaccine.According to the WHO, herd immunity against the measles is reached with 95% vaccination, while herd immunity against polio is 80%.Dr. Fauci believes herd immunity for COVID-19 can be reached with around 85% of the population having antibodies. 1778

EL CENTRO, Calif. (KGTV) -- The four Marines who died in a Marine Corps helicopter crash during a training mission in El Centro Tuesday have been identified.Military officials say Capt. Samuel A. Schultz, 28, of Huntington Valley, Pennsylvania; First Lt. Samuel D. Phillips, 27, of Pinehurst, North Carolina; Gunnery Sgt. Derik Holley, 33, of Dayton, Ohio; and Lance Cpl. Taylor J. Conrad, 24, of Baton Rouge, Louisiana, all died in the crash.According to officials, the CH-53E Stallion helicopter took off from the Strategic Expeditionary Landing Field at Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center Twentynine Palms to conduct squadron training.RELATED:  678

DETROIT, Michigan — General Motors made a major announcement on Monday saying it will close two plants in metro Detroit as well as plants in Ohio and Canada. The plan will help save the company billion by 2020, according to GM.In a news release, the company said it will close the Detroit-Hamtramck Assembly Plant in Detroit and Warren Transmission Operations in Warren. Other plans closing include the Oshawa Assembly Plant in Oshawa, Ontario, the Lordstown Assembly in Warren, Ohio and the Baltimore Operations in White Marsh, Maryland.According to a spokesperson for GM, the plants will be unallocated which means they will no longer produce vehicles in those plants in 2019. According to the company, the future of the plants will be part of contract talks with the UAW next year.PHOTOS: GM will stop producing these 6 vehicles“The actions we are taking today continue our transformation to be highly agile, resilient and profitable, while giving us the flexibility to invest in the future,” said GM Chairman and CEO Mary Barra. “We recognize the need to stay in front of changing market conditions and customer preferences to position our company for long-term success.”According to the release, GM will lay off 14,700 factory and white-collar workers. Of those, 8,100 will be white-collar workers that will either take buyouts or be laid off.The company said that the moves will help continue its focus on crossovers, SUVs and trucks. With the move, GM plans to cut 25 percent of the executive staff and 15 percent of the salaried and salaried contract staff."These actions will increase the long-term profit and cash generation potential of the company and improve resilience through the cycle," Barra added in the release.Detroit Mayor Mike Duggan called the news "troubling," saying he spoke with Barra on Monday morning and has also spoken with UAW President Gary Jones as well as Detroit's economic development team."We all know there is strong demand for manufacturing space in Detroit and we are willing to work with GM to fill all the available manufacturing space at Poletown with either GM-related entities or other companies," Duggan added.Rep. Debbie Dingell, who represents Michigan's 12th Congressional District, is calling on Congress to "work on bipartisan policies that keep manufacturing jobs in this country," adding that she cares deeply for the families affected by the news.According to General Motors, the restructuring will help the company focus more on the electric and autonomous vehicle programs over the next two years. Those focuses include expanding the use of virtual tools, integrating vehicle and propulsion engineering teams, increase component sharing and compress global product development campuses. 2774

EL CAJON, Calif. (KGTV) - Grossmont College is looking to expand a program that offers free textbooks to students.The Open Educational Resources program, or OER, allows students to download digital versions of textbooks for free. College officials say it can save students more than ,000 each semester. In the 2018-19 school year, Grossmont students have already saved nearly .3 million."We realized students were making decisions like, 'Do I want to buy food today or do I want to purchase my textbook?'" says Professor Dave Dillon, who has championed the program at Grossmont.A study in 2013 showed that students spend around ,500 each year on textbooks. That's more than a semester of tuition at Grossmont, which is ,334.Additional studies showed that anywhere from 50-60% of students have decided not to buy a textbook for a class because it's too expensive.Dillon and five other professors started offering courses with the OER textbooks in 2016. Convincing teachers to switch from their traditional books to the OER versions has been a challenge, but Dillon says more come around every year.By 2018, 46 teachers had begun using the books. In the spring of 2019, about 100 teachers are using OER."Those are openly licensed materials that are free for students to use," explains Dillon. He adds that the texts offer the same quality as the books that cost students hundreds of dollars."For me, it was just too much money to pay," says Grossmont 2nd year student Edwin Hernandez. "A lot of times, I'd skip buying the book and just really pay attention as much as I can in class. It barely got me by, but it's still a bigger struggle."Fellow student Carlos Espinoza says he used the money he saved on textbooks to buy his first car. That helped him avoid spending more than two hours each day on the bus or trolley to get to and from campus."It saves me so much time," he says.While the books are digital, students have the option to purchase a printed version of the books for about each. Dillon says he's seen test scores and class completion rates skyrocket since he switched to the free textbooks.Grossmont offers two full Associate's Degree programs using just OER books, Geography and Sociology.But they don't work for every area of study. Many STEM courses have supplemental books that students still have to buy. So do English and Literature classes, where students need to purchase novels which aren't in the public domain.Meanwhile, publishers have begun to fight back. According to Dillon, some are trying to downplay the quality of the OER books. Others have tried to write their own versions. And some companies are switching to a subscription-based model, similar to Netflix, where students pay a yearly or monthly fee to have access to all of the publisher's library.Dillon says he's in favor of anything that can help more students afford college."It solves an equity issue," he says. 2923

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