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SACRAMENTO, Calif. (AP) — Gov. Gavin Newsom formally apologized Tuesday for violence, mistreatment and neglect inflicted on Native Americans throughout California's history, saying it amounted to genocide and pushing the state to reckon with its dark past.The Democratic governor met with tribal leaders at the future site of the California Indian Heritage Center, where he also announced the creation of a council to examine the state's role in campaigns of extermination and exploitation.Throughout history, the California government was key to efforts to remove and kill Native Americans who lived on land that would become part of what is now the world's fifth-largest economy."Genocide. No other way to describe it, and that's the way it needs to be described in the history books," Newsom said.Joseph L. James, chairman of the Yurok Tribe, which has territory near the Northern California coast, said it is significant to hear the governor acknowledge the state's efforts to eliminate indigenous communities around the time of the Gold Rush."It was a step into healing," he said.James said he hopes the governor maintains a close relationship with tribes on a range of issues, including the protection of natural resources and prevention of wildfires.Newsom is not the first to apologize for the treatment of Native Americans.Congress tucked an apology in a 2009 military spending bill, acknowledging "years of official depredations, ill-conceived policies, and the breaking of covenants by the federal government regarding Indian tribes."Last year, then-Alaska Gov. Bill Walker issued an apology to the state's indigenous people, listing a series of wrongs.Other governors have apologized for specific episodes in history, from the killing of Arapaho and Cheyenne people in the Sand Creek Massacre of 1864 to the forced move of Potawatomi people from Indiana to Kansas in 1838 on what has become known as a trail of death.Newsom pointed to California's efforts to remove American Indians as people flooded the state searching for gold in the mid-19th century.California's first governor, Peter Burnett, declared to legislators in 1851 "that a war of extermination will continue to be waged between the two races until the Indian race becomes extinct must be expected."The Legislature subsequently approved .29 million to subsidize militia campaigns against American Indians, Newsom's office said.Like other states in the U.S. West, California has seen renewed debate about its treatment of indigenous people.Stanford University announced last year it would remove the name of Spanish missionary and Catholic saint Junipero Serra from some parts of campus following criticism over his treatment of Native Americans.And in recent years, some schools have abandoned what was once a common project in elementary classrooms around California: building models of Spanish missions, which were constructed in real life with the forced labor of Native Americans.California has the largest proportion of American Indians in the United States. About 723,000 residents identified as American Indian during the 2010 census. 3127

SACRAMENTO, Calif. (AP) — As California Gov. Gavin Newsom weighs his pick to serve out the rest of Vice President-elect Kamala Harris' Senate term, he's facing pressure to name a Latino or a Black woman. California has never had a Latino senator even though the state is nearly 40% Latino. But without Harris, who is Black, there will be no Black women in the 100-member Senate. The situation has some observers frustrated with the persistent lack of racial diversity in the Senate and what they view as both parties' failure to do much about it. With the pressure on Newsom, those with a stake in his choice are lobbying openly. 637

SACRAMENTO, Calif. (AP) — Law enforcement agencies in California must release police misconduct records even if the behavior occurred before a new transparency law took effect, a state court of appeals has ruled.The 1st District Court of Appeal's decision released Friday settles for now a debate over whether records created before Jan. 1, when the law took effect, were subject to disclosure. Many police unions have sued to block the records release, while public information advocates argued the records should be disclosed.The ruling applies to police agencies statewide, including the attorney general's office, unless another appellate court steps in and rules differently, said David Snyder of the First Amendment Coalition."These records are absolutely essential for the public to be able to see what the police departments are doing with respect to police misdoubt," said Snyder, whose group intervened in the case. "These agencies have enormous power over Californians and so transparency of those agencies is absolutely essential in order to be able to hold them accountable."At least one agency reversed its prior decision to deny access to old records after the ruling came in. Sacramento County Sheriff Scott Jones said he would release records dating back five years after reading the court of appeal's decision, the Sacramento Bee reported.Mike Rains, an attorney for the Walnut Creek Police Officers Association and other police agencies seeking to block the disclosure, said he doesn't see the decision as setting precedent on the merits of the case but that agencies are likely to take guidance from it unless another court rules differently.His clients do not have an issue with releasing records of misconduct produced after Jan. 1, Rains said, but see the release of old records as a privacy violation."Police officers used to have a privacy right," he said. "We don't believe it changes the rights of privacy to those records that were created prior to Jan. 1."California lawmakers voted last year to require police agencies to release records on police shootings and officer misconduct to the public. Police unions had sought to block old records, with some law enforcement agencies even destroying them. Attorney General Xavier Becerra also declined to release records from his office, saying the intent of the law need to be clarified by the courts.The appeals court ruled on March 12 but only made the opinion public Friday.The rulings by a panel of three justices said the old records can be released because the action triggering their release — a request for public information by reporters or others — occurs after Jan. 1. The justices also noted the release of the records does not change the legal consequences for officers already found to have engaged in misconduct."The new law changes only the public's right to access peace officer records," the justices wrote. 2908

ROCHESTER, N.Y. — New York Attorney General Letitia James is promising to expedite the release of body camera footage in cases of alleged police misconduct that her office investigates. James spoke Sunday in Rochester, which has been in turmoil since the footage of Daniel Prude’s fatal encounter with police was released more than five months after his death. James said her office “will be proactively releasing footage to the public on our own.” It's unclear how many cases will be affected by the policy, since the attorney general’s office does not review all footage of police interactions with the public. 620

Retirees should be spending their time golfing, taking vacations and playing with grandchildren. Instead, one Ohio man is doing the opposite.Robert Blocksom, 87, is looking for a job, and he’s not alone.“It's definitely a trend. The bureau of labor statistics is predicting an increase over the next five years," Lori Long and Entrepreneurship Professor at Baldwin Wallace University said.In the last year, nearly 300,000 Americans 85 and older were working. That number is up 3 percent from the start of the 2006 recession.Industries, like the trucking industry, who years ago might not have given Blocksom a shot, could now do just that.“The shortage of drivers spans the entire country and virtually every trucking company in the United States," Frank Gagyi, President of the Buckeye Interimobile Trucking company in Cleveland said.And that’s where Blocksom is hoping a door will open.“I've always liked driving, so I figured that I'd like to be able to make some money driving," he said.Since his wife's been ill, he's had to sell his home, mobile trailer and other assets to cover expenses. Now he says trucking is a practical solution for income.“That would be the best way to do it," he said.And though it’s something he has to do, he’s pretty optimistic about trying something new."I believe I can do this pretty well, and it would be a nice challenge and it'd be fun,” he said.Blocksom still has to pass his commercial driver's licenses test for him to start working. His classes for that test start next month. He said the ideal shift would be local weekend trips, so he can still care for his wife.  1638