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Almost 85 percent of Chinese people share just 100 surnames, with Wang, which literally means "king", being the most popular, the Xinhua news agency said on Tuesday. There are 93 million Wangs in China, followed closely by 92 million people with the family name Li and 88 million called Zhang, Xinhua said, citing newly-announced calculations by the Ministry of Public Security. Another seven common names -- including Chen, Zhou and Lin -- have at last 20 million members each, it added. Chinese family names can be traced back thousands of years and people generally feel a closeness to those with the same surname. But there are also some family names which are only used by a very few people, such as Guo, meaning to "cross over", and Mu, which means "mother".

An increasing amount of investment capital is flowing from the Chinese stock market to the relatively stable real estate markets in major cities like Shanghai, Beijing and Shenzhen, according to several banks and property consultancies. Low- and medium-level residential properties have been attracting the bulk of the funds diverted from stocks, while luxury residential houses and office buildings are taking in a much smaller share, according to a recent survey by Shenzhen-based Worldunion Properties Consultancy (China) Limited. The survey, which covers 16 real estate projects in Shenzhen, Beijing and Tianjin, estimates that funds diverted from stocks accounted for around 50 percent of the total transactions in low- to medium-priced residential properties from October 2006 to June 2007, 10 to 20 percent in luxury apartments and about the same percentage in office premises. "The volatility of the stock market after the stamp tax hike in late May has also increased the potential risks and reduced the returns of stock investment, prompting many risk-averse investors to shift their focus to the property market," the Worldunion report said. "It can be seen from the weak and uncertain performance of the stock market and the strong performance of property prices in various major cities," the report said. Housing prices in 70 large-and medium-sized cities in China continued to rise in June, up 7.1 percent over the same period last year, while the Shanghai Composite Index dropped 7 percent that month. "From my experience in other markets, the risks of investment in real estate are relatively lower than that in the stock market," said Mao Zhi, a professor at China Real Estate Index Research Academy. Some are even selling their stocks to pay for house loans before the recent lending rate hike of 27 basis points. These funds have indirectly flowed into the real estate market, analysts said. "The interest rate hike is not expected to have a negative impact on the property market. The gap between long-term deposit and lending rates narrowed only 9 basis points after the rate adjustment, showing that the measure is not targeting the real estate market," said Li Maoyu, an analyst at Changjiang Securities. At the macro level, the fund flow trend from stocks to real estate is reflected in the sharp increase in bank loans, economists and market analysts said. According to statistics from the People's Bank of China, the increase of loans outstanding in June alone was 451.5 billion yuan, while it's only 247.3 billion in May. Of the additional increase of 56.6 billion yuan loans from the same time a year ago, 79.9 percent were household loans. "Since the majority of household loans were mortgage loans, it's clear that more funds have been relocated to the property market lately," said Shen Minggao, an economist at Citigroup. "Investments in luxury residential properties also shot up as many investors cashed out of the Shanghai stock market and turned to luxury properties as long-term investments," said Lina Wong, managing director of Colliers, an international real estate service provider. In line with the increased transaction volume, selling price for luxury properties grew 2.7 percent in the first half, compared with 3.5 percent in the past 12 months. The rents also grew 2.9 percent, while it rose 3.8 percent from last June. Worldunion said it's like the two markets are on a seesaw, when "one goes up, the other comes down." The National Bureau of Statistics has announced that China's real estate investment rose 28.5 percent from a year earlier to 988.7 billion yuan in the first half of 2007. "Anticipation of further renminbi appreciation should secure a continuous inflow of foreign capital and help fuel the property market," said Wong of Colliers.

Visiting US Chief of Naval Operations Mike Mullen reaffirmed in Beijing on Tuesday that the United States will not support Taiwan independence and will adhere to the one-China policy."The United States will not support Taiwan independence or any unilateral move toward that direction on the part of Taiwan," Mullen told reporters at a press conference.As a guest of Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy commander Wu Shengli, Mullen arrived in China on August 17 for a friendly visit. He delivered a speech at a Chinese naval academy and observed naval exercises from on board a Chinese warship.During the visit, Mullen also met with Chinese Defense Minister Cao Gangchuan and Guo Boxiong, vice chairmen of China's Central Military Commission.China-US relations are one of the most important bilateral relations in the world, Cao told Mullen, noting that flourishing bilateral ties will not only serve the fundamental interests of the two countries and two peoples, but will also be conducive to the peace, stability and prosperity of the region and world as well.Agreeing with Cao's view on bilateral relations, Mullen said that US-China relations are very important and the dialogue between the two nations as well as the two militaries is "critical".Mullen, who has been nominated by US President George W. Bush to become the next chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, promised to Cao that he would continue to nurture the bilateral ties no matter whether he serves in his current position or as Bush's major military adviser and leader of the US Army, Navy, Air Force and Marines, according to a press release provided by the Chinese Ministry of Defense.Mullen also expressed his hope that exchanges and cooperation in such fields as military academic education and exchange visits of warships, could be further boosted in an effort to increase mutual understanding and trust, said the press release.

A special assistance center was set up in Beijing Prison recently where policewomen, who are also qualified counselors, provide help for special "clients", male prisoners who are serving long sentences, Beijing Youth News reported on July 5. A policewoman counselor chats online with an inmate at a counseling and education center in Beijing Prison. [ynet.com] The police use computers with Internet access and chat through web cameras with lifers to help ease their psychological problems especially with those who have difficulty communicating. A short message service is also available for them to contact their families. The newly-established center is composed of policewomen. Due to regulations in prisons, the policewomen are not allowed to communicate with prisoners face-to-face, according to Lu Yanyan, the director of the center for counseling and correctional education in the Beijing Bureau of Prison Administration. "The work of counseling used to be the responsibility of policemen," explains Lu. "But because they are also officials who enforce correctional education on the prisoners, those who have psychological problems are reluctant to open their hearts to share their troubles. That's why policewomen fill this need." Wearing civilian clothes, not uniforms, the five policewomen appear much closer to the people they counsel. Though not face-to-face, the prisoners encounter a friendly and kind smile and feel more relaxed to talk openly about their feelings and emotions. A prisoner who was sentenced to life imprisonment seldom talked as he was abandoned by his family. But when a counselor surnamed Ren started to make appointments with him, he "became happier than before," as Ren put it. The special short message service is free for lifers. They can send as many messages as they want, but every message is checked by the officers. The quantity of messages sent and received currently is about 1,500 a day. Another prisoner told the reporter, even though he was concerned about his child's education and could not solve the problem himself, he felt more comfortable after he poured out his troubles to the counselor. As the counseling and correctional education director explains, it is important to provide counseling for those with long sentences, Lu says crimes are always the result of psychological problems and the prisoners are also disturbed by depression and anxiety in confinement.

Chinese once associated tattoos with criminals and misfits; today, they are redrawing the lines around how they think about ink. The growth of China's emerging tattoo culture was evident by the more than 2,000 visitors who attended Saturday's opening of the country's largest tattoo gathering, Tattoo Show Convention 2007, which ends today. Attracting more than 100 artists from all over China and the world, the show at the Sanshang Art Beijing Gallery was intended as a platform for interaction among Chinese from around the country, their international counterparts and the public. "We hope to give them a platform so they can learn from each other," said Xiao Long, who founded the non-profit convention in 2001. Tattooed Chinese photographed each other's ink, while artists displayed their works and even tattooed visitors at their booths. German artist Frank Kassebaum, of Bremen, said he was surprised by what he saw. "Before I came here, I thought that China wasn't so far along in its tattoo culture, but from what I see here, I really think that, in 10 years, they'll be better than the United States, Japan and Europe," he said. "The boom in Japan was 10 years ago; now, the boom is here." Co-organizer Chris Wroblewski, of New York City, said one of the major purposes of the show was to educate Chinese to be prudent about getting tattoos. He said that during China's "Tattoo Renaissance", many shops were opening up, offering "mass production stuff" drawn by "artists who learned in two weeks and are just plowing needles into skin". He explained that as tattooing developed in China, there would be a proliferation of both "high art and low art". YZTattoo parlor model Qi Xuan, 26, said she believes the convention showcases the progress made by China's "high-art" tattoo artists. "In recent years, Chinese tattoo artists have become more skillful in design, technique and use of color," the Beijinger said. "Now, you can see more tattoo artists who can make very international designs. Because artists come to this show from every part of the country, we know what they are doing outside of Beijing." Wroblewski said that because Chinese tattooing was "still in its infancy", it often emulates the West. "But the Chinese are beginning to pick up on their roots and will start demanding more of their own culture." Student Wang Hao, of Beijing, said he came to the show because he was considering getting a tattoo and wanted to learn more about them. "I'd like to get a traditional Chinese tattoo, because I love China," the 22-year-old said.