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LOS ANGELES, July 28 (Xinhua) -- Mainly due to rampant obesity, Americans' life expectancy is one-and-a-half-year shorter than that of Western Europeans on the average, according to a new study published on Thursday.But 40 years ago, Americans could expect to live slightly longer than Europeans, said the study jointly conducted by researchers from University of Southern California (USC), the Harvard School of Public Health and the RAND Corp., a non-profit think tank.In addition to Western Europeans, Americans also die younger than the residents of most other developed nations, according to the study appearing in the July issue of Social Science & Medicine.The life-expectancy disparity, which begins around the age of 50, stems from higher levels of middle-age obesity and obesity-related chronic diseases, such as hypertension and diabetes, said the study.In the first half of the last century, average life expectancy increased by saving more babies, said author Dana Goldman, director of the Schaeffer Center for Health Policy and Economics at the USC."But now it is reduction in mortality among the elderly, rather than the young, that propels increases in life expectancy," he said. "The question is whether 'being American' is an independent mortality risk factor."If 50-year-old U.S. adults could be as healthy as Europeans, it could save Medicare and Medicaid 632 billion dollars by 2050, the study said.Though the transition to better health initially raises expenditures, the researchers estimate that by 2050 healthcare savings from health improvements among the middle age could total more than 1.1 trillion dollars."The international life expectancy gap appears much easier to explain than gaps within countries: there is no American-specific effect on longevity beyond differences in disease at age 50," said Darius Lakdawalla, an associate professor in the USC School of Policy, Planning and Development.

UNITED NATIONS, Sept. 19 (Xinhua) -- Mohammad Hossein Niknam, acting minister of health in international affairs of Iran, said here on Monday that his country is working to prevent and counteract the non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which have had significant effect on the population."NCDs have traditionally been more prevalent in affluent societies," he said. "However, they are increasingly becoming common in many developing countries, and in particular among the less affluent groups. The Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO) as others is suffering a heavy burden of NCD diseases and Iran is no exception: the total burden of disease for NCDs is 45 percent for males and 33 percent for females."Niknam's statements came as he addressed the UN General Assembly High-Level Meeting on Prevention and Control of Non- communicable Diseases."This timely high-level event provides us with an ideal platform to share views, information, ideas and experiences, to come up with remedial proposals and to forge effective collaborative partnerships in the implementation of realistic but effective health development programs in common areas of concern pertaining to the non-communicable diseases," Niknam said.He explained that Iran is implementing a series of programs in order to reduce the frequency and impacts of NCDs."As part of these programs I would like to mention prevention and control of common NCDs risk factors, imposition of taxes to curtail unhealthy habits such as tobacco consumption, execution of mass public information and educational campaigns, fostering food industry regulations, screening of blood pressure levels and high glucosemia," he said.Iran has created a Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factor Surveillance System, according to Niknam. This system, in place since 2004, has conducted six large-scale surveys to gather information helpful to public health."Further, comprehensive cumulative national data has been compiled based on age, sex and location to facilitate effective monitoring and implementation of policies geared towards control and prevention of NCDs," Niknam said.Iran is conducting many other integrated NCD control and prevention programs, such as, to name a few, a Cardiovascular Diseases Control Program for rural areas; a National Cancer Control Program focusing on breast and colorectal cancers; and a Diabetes Control and Prevention Program that targets both rural and urban areas.Niknam ended his statement by noting that Iran has held regional consultations on the NCD issue."I would like to conclude my remarks by mentioning that as a sign of its commitment to promote regional and international cooperation, the Islamic Republic of Iran hosted on 25-26 October 2010 in Tehran the first regional meeting of a series of the regional consultations held by WHO (World Health Organization) on the prevention and control of NCDs," he said. "In our understanding, only through closer and meaningful collaboration at all levels, especially in areas such as legislation, resource mobilization and information and knowledge sharing, we may success in our endeavor to prevent and combat NCDs."

SAN FRANCISCO, Sept. 13 (Xinhua) -- Intel and Google on Tuesday announced a partnership to enable the world's largest chip maker's architecture on the search giant's products, saying that an Intel chip-based Android smartphone will hit the market in the first half of 2012.In a joint press release, the two companies said the future versions of Android mobile operating system will support Intel's low power Atom processors, in addition to other architectures.At the Intel Developer Forum in San Francisco on Tuesday, Intel Chief Executive Officer Paul Otellini said the Intel smartphone chip is code-named Medfield and based on the company's own PC- based computer architecture.Otellini said multiple vendors around the world will launch the Medfield-based Android smartphones in the first half of 2012.Andy Rubin, senior vice president of mobile at Google, came on stage at the close of Otellini's keynote to hail the joint initiatives between the two companies.Intel has been struggling to get a bite of the booming market of smartphones and tablets. Most of the current mobile devices use chips based on architecture from ARM Holdings, which are considered more power efficient than Intel's products. Nokia had planned to ship smartphones with Intel chips this year, but it shifted to ARM-based phones with Windows Phone 7 system.Otellini said Intel will eventually have an advantage in supplying smartphone chips as the business is not established in terms of the final winner and performance of the products keeps growing.

CANBERRA, Aug. 29 (Xinhua) -- Alzheimer Australia on Monday released a GPS device for people with dementia, in a move to give them greater independence, while reducing the burden of missing person searches for police.The technology has been using in New South Wales of Australia, and is now available for people in state Victoria.The Safe2Walk locater can be worn by people with dementia on a lanyard around the neck or clipped onto a belt. Families can log- on to the connected website and see where the person is.The device updates the person's location every 60 seconds, reducing stress for carers so they know when a person with dementia might be wandering.It also works as a mobile phone, letting the person wearing the device to make instant calls to family.According to Alzheimer's Australia's research manager Jason Burton, the device aimed to stop vulnerable people getting lost, with research showing about 40 percent of people with dementia went missing at least once."In 99 percent of cases the carer has gone to pick them up, but there was one case where they couldn't and the police were able to contact us to get the exact GPS location of this person to rescue them," Burton told Herald Sun.A Victoria Police spokeswoman said while it could not endorse a specific product, if the device could alert carers when a person with dementia first became disorientated, the response could help avoid a large-scale police search.Mina Sapounakis, who's father has worn the Safe2Walk device, said it has given her family a sense of calm."We could go grocery shopping without stressing and rushing back home quickly to check on Dad," she said."There were a few times he had gone wandering and we were able to easily find him without having to call the police."The Safe2Walk GPS costs under 15 U.S. dollars a week for rent.

BEIJING, Sept. 4 (Xinhua) -- Officials and delegations from China and African countries have gathered at a seminar being held in Beijing to discuss rural development and economic growth.The seven-day seminar kicked off on Sunday, attracting representatives from China and 11 African countries to exchange views and experiences related to the seminar's theme of "agriculture and rural development."Justin Lin Yifu, chief economist and senior vice president of the World Bank, said at the seminar's opening ceremony that African countries should take cues from China's experience in creating a series of policies to bolster agricultural and rural development, as these policies have also facilitated the country's economic growth.Hu Jinglin, assistant to China's Minister of Finance, said improved agricultural cooperation between China and Africa will help enhance global grain security.China has worked on 142 cooperative agricultural projects with 14 African countries to date. In addition, it has sent 104 agricultural experts to 33 African countries to train more than 4,200 local agricultural technicians.

来源：资阳报