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BEIJING, Oct. 18 (Xinhuanet) -- Some seaweeds can kill the reef-building corals around them by emitting anti-coral chemicals, a new study found.The study was published Monday in the online edition of the journal Proceedings of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).The researchers investigated the interactions between eight different species of seaweed and three species of coral growing in the waters nearby the Fiji Islands, and identified a class of anti-coral organic compounds known as terpenes.These chemicals, found on the surfaces of several species of seaweed, can kill the coral by suppressing its photosynthesis.The finding suggests that the living space competition with seaweeds could be a factor of the coral's worldwide decline.Plant-eating fish normally controls seaweed growth on coral reefs, but the populations of these consumers are declining by the overfishing, which eventually resulted in the seaweed's dominant position, according to the researchers.Despite overfishing, pollution and warming oceans are also the contributors to coral's worldwide decline, said Jennifer Smith, a marine ecologist at the University of California, San Diego.

ALMATY, Nov. 4 (Xinhua) -- Kazakhstan's Center for Prevention and Control of AIDS said Friday that the country had 17,266 registered HIV carriers as of Oct. 1,compared with 15,908 as of Feb. 1, 2010.Of the HIV-positive people, 1,432 were diagnosed with AIDS while 1,110 people carrying the virus AIDS have died, the center said.Last year, it said, a total of 1,969 new HIV cases were reported in the country.

BEIJING, Nov. 30 (Xinhua) -- China's efforts to fight AIDS are impressive and its experience can be shared, according to Michel Sidibe, executive director of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS)."We have seen progress in terms of new infections. The number of people going into treatment is increasing and the mortality rate is going down very quickly in China," Sidibe said during an interview with Xinhua on Wednesday.Sidibe said he was impressed by the country's political leadership and commitment to controlling AIDS.According to UNAIDS, the country has reported a 60-percent reduction in deaths due to AIDS over the past eight years.New HIV infection cases in China have been reduced from 70,000 people annually in 2005 to around 48,000 in 2011, according to the country's health department."However, China's success will not only be measured by what it has done for the Chinese people," Sidibe said.China has successful experience in reducing new HIV infections among intravenous drug users, which can be shared with the rest of the world, particularly east Europe and south Asia where HIV infections among drug abusers is a major challenge, he said.Sidibe suggested that the country should work with the rest of the developing world, particularly Africa, in fighting AIDS.A partnership between China and Africa will make a "big, big difference" in reducing AIDS mortality rates and introducing new technology and perspectives in Africa, said the official who had worked for UN in several African countries for more than two decades.Admitting the challenges of funding AIDS control programs during the current global economic downturn, Sidibe called for global solidarity and increasing shared responsibilities among countries."It is a critical moment now. It is not a time to stop investment but to redouble our efforts, to make sure that we will continue to make progress in the fight against HIV," Sidibe said."Getting to Zero" has been chosen as the main theme of World AIDS Day for the next five years, referring to UNAIDS' vision of "zero new HIV infections, zero discrimination and zero AIDS-related deaths."Sidibe met with Li Congjun, president of the Xinhua News Agency, on Wednesday before the interview. The agency has launched a global media campaign in cooperation with UNAIDS to raise public awareness about HIV/AIDS."The partnership (with Xinhua) is not only about writing news about HIV. It is about helping people to change their attitude and make decisions to help protect themselves," Sidibe said.

WASHINGTON, Nov. 11 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Friday approved HEMACORD, the first licensed hematopoietic progenitor cells-cord cell therapy.HEMACORD is indicated for use in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation procedures in patients with disorders affecting the blood forming system. For example, cord blood transplants have been used to treat patients with certain blood cancers and some inherited metabolic and immune system disorders."The use of cord blood hematopoietic progenitor cell therapy offers potentially life-saving treatment options for patients with these types of disorders," said Karen Midthun, director of FDA's Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, in a statement.HEMACORD contains hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) from human cord blood. Cord blood is one of three sources of HPCs used in transplants. The other two are bone marrow and peripheral blood. Once these HPCs are infused into patients, the cells migrate to the bone marrow where they divide and mature. When the mature cells move into the bloodstream they can partially or fully restore the number and function of many blood cells, including immune function.

BEIJING, Oct. 18 (Xinhuanet) -- NASA recently unveiled its new rocket design, named Space Launch System (SLS), according to media reports.The rocket will make its first unmanned flight in 2017, and the flight with astronauts aboard won't happen until 2021, according to NASA's plan.The new rocket was 320 feet in length (the space shuttle was 184 feet on the launch pad), 5.5 million pounds in weight, and with the capacity of holding four astronauts at the top speed of 25,000 miles per hour, Washington Post reported Tuesday.Compared with space shuttle and other predecessors, the new rocket will aim for much farther destinations into the space with its most powerful engine ever built, according to the plan."We're investing in technologies to live and work in space, and it sets the stage for visiting asteroids and Mars," the NASA administrator Charles Bolden briefed the media at a news conference in Washington.NASA expected to devote 3 billion U.S. dollars a year to the effort, or a total of about 18 billion U.S. dollars over the next six years, said William Gerstenmaier, the agency’s associate administrator for human exploration.The current financial condition of U.S. may slow down the pace of progress, which will be much slower than NASA's Apollo heyday in the 1960s.

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