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The mystery isn’t why so many people file for bankruptcy each year. It’s why more people don’t.Each year, only a fraction of the Americans who could benefit financially from bankruptcy actually seek relief. Economists say some don’t file because collectors aren’t aggressively pursuing them, while others may strategically delay filing because bankruptcy could benefit them more down the road.Many bankruptcy attorneys have a much simpler explanation: Fear, a lack of information and misplaced optimism keep people from getting a fresh start.A temporary pauseAbout 14% of U.S. households — or roughly 17 million — owe more than they own, according to Federal Reserve Bank of New York estimates. Many of these households could benefit from having their debts wiped out, but fewer than 1% of U.S. households actually file for bankruptcy each year. Last year, there were 752,160 personal bankruptcy filings. Researchers refer to this gap as “missing bankruptcies” — the filings that could be happening, but aren’t.Now, there’s an additional set of missing bankruptcies: the cases people normally would have filed in recent months, but haven’t. Bankruptcy filings dropped dramatically in the second quarter of this year, to about 60% of the average for the previous five years.Courthouses were shuttered by pandemic closures, which made it harder for creditors to pursue foreclosures and wage garnishments. Those are two big drivers of consumer bankruptcy filings, says David Cox, a bankruptcy attorney in Lynchburg, Virginia, and co-author of “Consumer Bankruptcy: Fundamentals of Chapter 7 and Chapter 13 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code.”Borrowers have benefited from various forms of coronavirus relief, such as suspended payments on federal student loans, mortgage forbearance and expanded hardship options for loans and credit card accounts. The 0 weekly bump in unemployment checks, which expired in July, also kept many people afloat, Cox says.Lower jobless benefits, along with the reopening of courts and continued high unemployment, mean the lull in bankruptcy filings is likely temporary, says Jenny Doling, a bankruptcy attorney in Palm Desert, California, who serves on the American Bankruptcy Institute’s Chapter 13 Advisory Committee.She worries that people will wait too long to file. Too often, people drain retirement funds or other assets that would be protected in bankruptcy to pay debts that will ultimately be erased, she says. Putting off bankruptcy also can make it harder to come up with the ,500 needed to file a typical case.You won’t lose everythingCox says many of his clients delay filing because they fear they will lose cars, homes and other property. They are pleasantly surprised that they aren’t stripped of everything they own, he says.“There’s a misunderstanding about how bankruptcy works and what it would take from you,” Cox says.The vast majority of people who file the most common type of bankruptcy, Chapter 7, don’t have to give up any of their possessions. The types and amount of property you can keep vary by state, but typically include clothing, professional tools, wedding rings and at least some equity in your home. A few thousand dollars of equity in a car is usually protected as well. If you have assets that wouldn’t be protected in Chapter 7, you could file for a Chapter 13 repayment plan instead.You can get credit againA bankruptcy filing remains on your credit reports for up to 10 years. But credit scores can start to recover soon after you file. It’s possible to get a VA or FHA mortgage two years after a bankruptcy. Most loans require you to wait at least four years.People can start to rebuild credit a few months after their bankruptcy case is discharged by getting secured credit cards, which require a deposit, or credit-builder loans, available from some credit unions, community banks and online.The problem with anxiety — or unrealistic optimismDebt often leads to anxiety and depression that makes taking action difficult, Cox says. Many of his clients arrive at their first meeting with grocery sacks full of unopened bills.But misplaced optimism can also be a problem. The same hopefulness that causes people to take on too much debt also can lead them to put off the reckoning, he says.“You always think, ‘Our income’s going to increase, things will be better going forward,’” Cox says.Anyone struggling with debt now should consider consulting a bankruptcy attorney, Doling says. The first visit is often free, and referrals are available from the National Association of Consumer Bankruptcy Attorneys. Consulting with an attorney doesn’t obligate you to file, but it could help you avoid expensive mistakes if you later decide that’s your best option.“The people who do much better in bankruptcy are the ones who came in and got advice early on,” Doling says.This article was written by NerdWallet and was originally published by the Associated Press.More From NerdWalletSmart Money Podcast: Used Cars in Short Supply, and Shea Couleé Talks About MoneyHow Frugal Fashionistas Can Stay on TrendAre Medicare Advantage Plans Worth the Risk?Liz Weston is a writer at NerdWallet. Email: lweston@nerdwallet.com. Twitter: @lizweston. 5211

The National Guard is attempting to rescue dozens of people who are currently trapped at a California resort as the Creek Fire continues to burn out of control in the Sierra Nevada Mountains.According to The Washington Post, about 50 hikers remain trapped at the Vermilion Valley Resort with all escape routes cut off by the fire. The hikers have been sheltering in place at the resort since Sunday night.Officials have been unable to send rescue helicopters to the area due to low visibility caused by smoke from the fire. The area has dealt with high winds and record heat in recent days, which is making things difficult for both rescuers and firefighters.However, Col. Jesse Miller of the National Guard said Tuesday that the weather was beginning to turn."Mother Nature is trying to help us out this morning with some of the smoke clearing, allowing visibility for the aircraft to pick up the landing zones and get in safely to our folks here in California," Miller said in an interview on Good Morning America on Tuesday.So far, the wildfire is confirmed to have killed one person from smoke inhalation, according to the Fresno Fire Battalion. The Fresno County Sheriff's Office reports a second person died from a medical episode when EMS could not respond due to the conditions.According to CALFIRE, the Creek Fire remains 0% contained as of Monday evening. The fire has been burning since Thursday but nearly doubled in size on Monday alone to cover nearly 80,000 acres.Col. Jesse Miller told ABC News Tuesday morning that the National Guard is also attempting to send rescue helicopters to Hidden Lakes. It's unclear how many people are trapped at Hidden Lakes.The Washington Post reports that more than 200 people were rescued from the Creek Fire over the weekend. 1783

The presence of a Asian giant hornet nest, also known as murder hornets, has been confirmed in Washington state.“The rumors are true - our entomologists located the first-ever #AsianGiantHornet nest in the U.S. late yesterday,” a tweet from the Washington State Department of Agriculture reads. It also includes a video of the nest. 340

The man authorities believe is the Golden State Killer will face yet another murder charge, authorities said Monday.Joseph DeAngelo, 72, will be charged with the 1975 murder of Claude Snelling, with a special allegation of the use of a firearm, according to Stuart Anderson, spokesman for the Tulare County, California, district attorney's office.DeAngelo has already been charged in 12 killings, including the 1978 deaths of Katie and Brian Maggiore. Police say he committed a series of killings, rapes and other crimes attributed to the so-called Golden State Killer, also known as the East Area Rapist and the Original Night Stalker.The Visalia Police Department and officials with the district attorney's office will hold a news conference Monday to give details about the latest charge.Claude Snelling was shot and killed in September of 1975 as he charged at a masked man who was trying to abduct his daughter from his home, according to the Visalia Times Delta.Authorities said the Maggiores were killed after possibly spotting the Golden State Killer as they walked their dog near a home in Rancho Cordova, California, outside Sacramento. The complaint alleges that DeAngelo shot the couple using an "unknown caliber firearm."DeAngelo appeared in court in late April in a wheelchair, but didn't enter a plea to the charges of murdering the Maggiores.Decades after the killings terrified communities throughout California, authorities tracked down DeAngelo using data from an ancestry website where people submit their DNA results in hopes of tracking down relatives and ancestors.DNA from a crime scene was matched to genetic material from a relative who was registered on genealogy sites, and authorities later obtained a discarded sample of DeAngelo's DNA.DeAngelo, a former police officer, Vietnam veteran and mechanic, was a reclusive neighbor in Citrus Heights, a town about 16 miles northeast of Sacramento, according to residents. 1953

The jury in the trial of former Donald Trump campaign chairman Paul Manafort is likely to end a second straight day of deliberations without a verdict.Jurors debating the 18 charges against Manafort asked Judge T.S. Ellis to end Friday's deliberations at 5 p.m. ET, an indication they may not be near a verdict.Their note to Ellis came shortly after the judge revealed he has received threats during the course of the proceedings and the President called the trial "very sad."Ellis did not disclose details about the threats. But he said it was enough to make him wary of making the 12 jurors and four alternates' names public, in response to a request from media organizations. 686

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