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(AP) — The nation’s top infectious disease expert says that the U.S. may see a “surge upon a surge” of the coronavirus over the coming weeks, and he does not expect current recommendations around social distancing to be relaxed before Christmas. Dr. Anthony Fauci is the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. He appeared Sunday on ABC’s “This Week" and NBC's “Meet the Press." He says it's “not too late” for people traveling back home after the Thanksgiving holiday to help stop the spread of the virus by wearing masks, staying distant from other people and avoiding large groups.“So clearly in the next few weeks, we’re going to have the same sort of thing. And perhaps even two or three weeks down the line ... we may see a surge upon a surge," Fauci said Sunday morning. “So we know we can do something about it, particularly now as we get into the colder season and as we approach the Christmas holidays."With this, Fauci said the U.S. will soon see COVID-19 vaccines distributed, starting with those considered priority individuals.“We likely, almost certainly, are going to be vaccinating a portion of the individuals in the first priority before the end of December, and then as we get into January and February and March, more and more,” he said. “So if we can hang together as a country and do these kinds of things to blunt these surges until we get a substantial proportion of the population vaccinated, we can get through this.” 1483

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Another migrant caravan has reportedly formed and is making its way through Mexico, according to Pedro Rios, the director of the American Friends Service Committee. Rios said the group has more than 2,600 people and is picking up more along the way. Like past caravans, it is fleeing violence from countries of violence, and Rios believes many will likely try to reach the U.S. border to make an asylum plea. “It includes not only Central Americans from Honduras, Guatemala, El Salvador, and Nicaragua, but also Cubans and people from Venezuela and various African countries,” Rios said. “There is definitely a lot of families, in fact, they’re moving at the pace of families.” Rios said networks of humanitarian and human rights groups are watching the caravan. The group entered Southern Mexico and is headed towards Mexico City. From there, the caravan could decided to head up towards the Tijuana, San Diego portion of the border, or head towards Texas. 10News reached out Customs and Border Protection officials after hours Tuesday, asking if they are aware of the caravan and what preparations they are taking. They have not responded to the inquiry. 1188

Wowwww that’s when you know you’re ready to walk away. Great player tho #HappyRetirement https://t.co/0FhvT7G8LL— Carlos Dunlap (@Carlos_Dunlap) August 25, 2019 172

 Two 250,000-year-old teeth from two Neanderthal children revealed that both of them were exposed to lead twice during their short lifetimes, the first known case of lead exposure in Neanderthals.An international team of researchers studied the two teeth, as well as one from a modern human child who lived 5,000 years ago. All of them are from the same archaeological site in southeast France. The results of their analysis were published Wednesday in the journal Science Advances."Traditionally, people thought lead exposure occurred in populations only after industrialization, but these results show it happened prehistorically, before lead had been widely released into the environment," said Christine Austin, study co-author and assistant professor in the Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. "Our team plans to analyze more teeth from our ancestors and investigate how lead exposures may have affected their health and how that may relate to how our bodies respond to lead today."And as with tree rings, researchers used the teeth to determine key events in the children's lives. During childhood, new teeth layers are formed each day, capturing chemical signatures that can be traced."Teeth record environmental variation based on the climate, even where you're growing up," said Tanya Smith, lead author of the study and associate professor at Griffith University. "That's possible because when you're growing, your teeth you actually lock in a record of the chemistry of the water and the food that you're eating and drinking. Because teeth have these tiny timelines, we can relate the chemistry to the growth to calculate ancient climate records. We can't do that with any other element of the body."They were able to determine that one of the Neanderthal children was born in the spring and that both children were more likely to be sick during the colder winter seasons. They lived through more extreme seasons with a greater variation in temperature than the modern human child who was also studied.The intact teeth had growth rings, which the researchers used to measure barium, lead and oxygen. Lasers targeted tiny spots in the teeth to map their chemistry and reconstruct ancient climate records. This reconstruction was able to map a weekly scale of variation, showing when the summer and winter seasons happened and how long they lasted. The researchers related this back to the individual's growth."This study reports a major breakthrough in the reconstruction of ancient climates, a significant factor in human evolution, as temperature and precipitation cycles influenced the landscapes and food resources our ancestors relied on," Smith said.The growth rings also provided evidence of nursing."We were able to identify milk intake through breastfeeding in one individual based on a trace element called barium," Smith said. "We were able to time that to the season."That individual nursed for 2? years, which is similar to modern human children who lived in hunter-gatherer environments. "This is something we may share in common with Neanderthals," Smith said. Unfortunately, although the Neanderthal child survived infancy, it did not reach adulthood. The ages of the children were not included in the study.The researchers believe that the children were exposed to lead environmentally, either inhaling or ingesting it."That must have come from natural deposits in the area, whether they were going into an underground environment or they were eating contaminated food that was incorporated into their growing bones and teeth," Smith said.Smith believes that this research emphasizes the different levels of information that can be taken from teeth."We've now got the ability to integrate ancient climate data with health history, nursing history and illness," she said. "To be able to get all that information from a single sample 250,000 years ago is a unique opportunity."But this doesn't just apply to studying those who lived before us."Dietary patterns in our early life have far-reaching consequences for our health, and by understanding how breastfeeding evolved, we can help guide the current population on what is good breastfeeding practice," said Manish Arora, study co-author and vice chairman of the Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health at the Icahn School of Medicine. "Our research team is working on applying these techniques in contemporary populations to study how breastfeeding alters health trajectories including those of neurodevelopment, cardiac health and other high-priority health outcomes." 4648

You can go to school for just about anything these days and that includes Santa School! Mark Gebhart is a sound engineer, but during the holidays, he’s Santa Clause. “It’s a feeling of service I get to give to people,” Gebhart says. “It’s like ingrained in my being. It’s something I have to do.”To become the best Santa, and to get better pay to play Santa, Gebhart went to Santa School.“It’s really intense,” he says. “We learn a lot and we learn how to be Santa Claus.”In Santa School, it’s not all about makeup, reindeer and practicing your “Ho, Ho, Ho, Merry Christmas!” The classes involved much more, including learning about child psychology, undergoing active shooting training and understanding what to do if there’s an unruly crowd. The Santa Claus performers began school in January, and it takes 9 months to graduate. “We are each others’ brothers,” Gebhart says of his fellow Santas. “We help each other, we study together, we work together; we are really a brotherhood.”When the Santas graduate, they take an oath and are given a diploma for all their hard work.They have three months to land a job, whether at the mall, private parties or corporate events.“I actually have an agent that I go through, and my agent gets me jobs,” Gebhart says. “Other Santas use things like 1301

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