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WASHINGTON, May 11 (Xinhua) -- Johns Hopkins University researchers have demonstrated that human liver cells derived from adult cells coaxed into an embryonic state can engraft and begin regenerating liver tissue in mice with chronic liver damage.The work, published Wednesday in the journal Science Translational Medicine, suggests that liver cells derived from so- called "induced-pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)" could one day be used as an alternative to liver transplant in patients with serious liver diseases, bypassing long waiting lists for organs and concerns about immune system rejection of donated tissue."Our findings provide a foundation for producing functional liver cells for patients who suffer liver diseases and are in need of transplantation," says Yoon-Young Jang, assistant professor of oncology at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center. "iPSC-derived liver cells not only can be generated in large amounts, but also can be tailored to each patient, preventing immune-rejection problems associated with liver transplants from unmatched donors or embryonic stem cells." A microsopic view shows human embryonic stem cells in various stages of differentiation into liver cells in this photo taken at Stanford University and released by the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine, March 9, 2009iPSCs are made from adult cells that have been genetically reprogrammed to revert to an embryonic stem cell-like state, with the ability to transform into different cell types. Human iPSCs can be generated from various tissues, including skin, blood and liver cells.Although the liver can regenerate in the body, end-stage liver failure caused by diseases like cirrhosis and cancers eventually destroy the liver's regenerative ability, Jang says. Currently, the only option for those patients is to receive a liver organ or liver cell transplant, a supply problem given the severe shortage of donor liver tissue for transplantation. In addition, mature liver cells and adult liver stem cells are difficult to isolate or grow in the laboratory, she says. By contrast, iPSCs can be made from a tiny amount of many kinds of tissue; and the embryonic stem- like iPSCs can grow in laboratory cultures indefinitely.For the study, Jang and colleagues generated human iPSCs from a variety of adult human cells, including liver cells, fibroblasts ( connective tissue cells), bone marrow stem cells and skin cells. They found that though the iPSCs overall were molecularly similar to each other and to embryonic stem cells, they retained a distinct molecular "signature" inherited from the cell of origin.

ABU DHABI, Feb. 10 (Xinhua) -- China believes that Egypt has sufficient wisdom and capability to overcome difficulties and realize national stability and development, visiting Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi told his Egyptian counterpart in a telephone conversation Thursday.Yang, who was on a visit to the United Arab Emirates (UAE), told the Egyptian Foreign Minister Ahmed Abul Gheit that China pays close attention to the situation in Egypt, adding that Egypt, as an influential country in the Middle East, is vital to the region's stability.Egypt's internal affairs should be resolved by Egyptians themselves and should be free of outside interference, he added.Gheit briefed Yang on Egypt's situation, saying his government was taking measures to safeguard social stability and return the country to normality.Both sides also expressed satisfaction with the development of China-Egypt relations in the past year, saying the strategic cooperation between the two countries has great potential and broad development prospects.Yang arrived in the UAE capital of Abu Dhabi late Wednesday for an official visit to the Gulf nation.

GUIYANG, Jan. 30 (Xinhua) -- Chen and her mentally handicapped son moved into their newly finished home last December. Shortly afterwards, a month-long cold wave with heavy snow hit their hometown, as well as the majority of southern China.It would have been "terrible" to stay in the old home in such cold weather, said 66-year-old Chen Houlian, a villager from the Tongzi County of southwestern China's Guizhou Province.Dropping temperatures and occasional sleet were predicted before this year's lunar New Year festival, which begins next Thursday.Behind the new home stood their old adobe cottage, with visible cracks on the clay walls. Wooden doors and window frames of that cottage were covered with black smoke due to more than 40 years of indoor cooking, while those of the new house were painted bright blue.In fact, the old house might collapse after the heavy snow, according to Jin Jing, deputy head of the County.Chen's family was one of the poorest in town. The farmland they grew crops on barely produced enough corn and cabbage to meet their needs, while the minimum living subsistence allowance of 2,200 yuan (334 U.S. dollars) each year was their total annual income.They would never be able to afford to build a new home on their own without receiving financial aid from a government project, Jin added.Chen's new house cost over 40,000 yuan. They received 20,000 yuan from the project and 5,000 from the local federation of people with disability. The rest was borrowed from relatives and neighbors.Five pairs of red couplets were posted by each door and window to express their gratitude to all the people who had offered help.On the day they moved in, Chen held an outdoor banquet for the entire village using borrowed money to mark the happiest event this family had witnessed for many decades.The government-funded project was launched over two years ago, after a deadly snow storm hit southern China during Jan-Feb 2008, collapsing nearly half a million rural houses and causing damage to another 1.7 million.The project was designed to provide funds to residents living in dilapidated buildings in impoverished rural regions so they might renovate or build new homes.In Guizhou alone, over 600,000 families had finished building new homes by the end of 2010 with help from that project, as over 4.7 billion yuan was allocated to subsidize this building.The project was part of China's efforts to build its social-security-based housing system, which also includes affordable housing, low-rent housing and public rental housing programs to meet the needs of low-income people amid surging property prices across the country.

JOHANNESBURG, March 23 (Xinhua) -- Cervical cancer ranks as the second most frequent cancer among women in South Africa.Recent information from a World Health Organization (WHO) and ICO Information Center on Human Papilloma virus (HPV) and Cervical Cancer 2010 report shows that 16.84 million South African women aged 15 years and older are at risk of developing cervical cancer.Current estimates indicate that every year 5,743 women are diagnosed with cervical cancer and more than 3,000 die from the disease.About 21 percent of women in the general South African population are estimated to harbor cervical HPV infection at any given time, and 62.8 percent of invasive cervical cancers are attributed to HPV subtypes 16 or 18."Concern is growing as there appears to be an increasing epidemic of papillomavirus-induced disease involving not only the cervix but elsewhere in the female genital tract and anogenital region," said Professor Martin Hale, head of the Department of Anatomical Pathology at the University of the Witwatersrand (Wits) in Johannesburg and the National Health Laboratory Service.The South African population and people from Africa in general have high incidences of the HPV subtypes 16 or 18 according to Professor Hale. He is not entirely sure why but is of the opinion that the infection rate can be lowered."The common theory is that HPV is transmitted through sexual intercourse. If treated like a sexual disease and the necessary precautions are taken during sex the infection rate can be lowered, " Hale told Xinhua in an interview on Wednesday.HPV is also exacerbated as a result of the HIV pandemic and cause a rapid progression of premalignant dysplasia to invasive cancer in HIV positive patients.Hale believes the limited access to information and resources make it easy for the condition to thrive.However, according to Hale, a debate is still raging on how, to whom and whether the vaccine should be administered.Black women are at higher risk of contracting HPV and subsequent cervical cancer. Other risk factors that increase susceptibility include age of first intercourse, the number of children per woman, and a weakened immune system, to name a few."To avoid getting cervical cancer get the vaccine against HPV 16 and 18 infection before starting to be sexually active, have protected sex and go for regular screenings," he told Xinhua.

WASHINGTON, Feb. 7 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. International Trade Commission (USITC) determined Monday that imports of drill pipe and drill collars from China threatened the U.S. industry with material injury.As a result of the USITC's affirmative threat determinations, the U.S. Commerce Department will issue anti-dumping and countervailing duty orders on imports of these products from China.On January 4, the U.S. Commerce Department announced its affirmative final determinations in the anti-dumping duty and countervailing duty investigations on imports of drill pipe from China. The department determined that Chinese producers and exporters had sold drill pipe in the United States at margins ranging between 0.00 and 69.32 percent, while they have received countervailable subsidies of 18.18 percent ad valorem.In the anti-dumping investigation, mandatory respondent China's DP Master Manufacturing Co., Ltd. and Jiangyin Liangda Drill Pipe Co., Ltd. received a dumping rate of 69.32 percent. Baoshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. as well as Shanxi Yida Special Steel Imp. and Exp. Co., Ltd. each received a dumping rate of 0.00 percent, according to the department.The USITC did not specify the combined value of imported drill pipe and drill collars from China in the statement. A determination will be considered as affirmative if there is a 3-3 voting result within the USITC Commissioners.Drill pipe and drill collars are hollow drill string components used in drilling rigs, particularly those intended to extract oil and gas, to transmit power and conduct lubricant during the drilling process.