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NANJING, April 23 (Xinhua) -- At a time when almost every commodity in China is getting more expensive, the dwindling cost of medicine is a rarity.Zhang Jinkui, a hypertension patient, buys medicines from the community health center of his neighborhood in Changzhou, a city in east China's coastal Jiangsu Province.His prescription list includes Aspirin Enteric-coated tablets, down to 1.4 yuan from 4.7 yuan (0.7 U.S. dollars) per unit, and Fosinopril Sodium Tablets, down to 41.39 yuan from 51.6 yuan per unit.Both drugs are found on the essential drug list unveiled in 2009. The list names the 307 most common western and traditional Chinese medicines, which are heavily subsidized so hospitals can sell them at cost price.A consumer buys medicines with the help of a retailer at a pharmacy in Lianyungang, east China's Jiangsu Province, March 28, 2011.All essential medicines are listed by their generic names, and drug producers compete to supply essential medicines through public procurement.Due to a long history of low government funding for state-run hospitals, which often covers only 10 percent of the hospitals' operating costs, doctors have generated income for hospitals by aggressively prescribing expensive, and sometimes unnecessary, medicines and treatments.The essential medicine system and the reform of publicly funded hospitals, two pillars of China's health reform, are designed to address high medical costs and low accessibility of medical services.In April 2009, China kicked off health reforms aimed at correcting these long-standing problems facing China's health system and easing public grievances.Two years later, the essential medicine system has reduced drug prices, but still fails to please hospitals, patients and drug producers.The system requires government-funded grassroots health clinics, including urban community health centers and rural clinics, to prescribe only essential medicines and to sell these medicines at cost price, rather than with the previous 15 percent mark-up.Such policies have brought hard times to grassroots health clinics, especially in cash-strapped areas.Song Wenzhi, a public health professor at Peking University, said "Grassroots health clinics, without the expertise to perform operations and other treatments, rely heavily on selling drug," adding that these hospitals have found themselves scraping by due to the zero percent mark-up policy.Wang Zhiying, Vice Director of the People's Hospital of Anxiang County in the city of Changde, Hunan Province, said four grassroots hospitals in Changde tested the essential medicine system as pilot projects, but the zero percent mark-up policy took away 60 to 70 percent of the hospitals' revenue.Wang was quoted by "Health News," a newspaper run by China's Ministry of Health, as saying that, due to financial difficulties, the county government had not yet channeled the 8 million yuan (1.2 million U.S.dollars) in support funds into the hospitals' accounts, resulting in the resignations of many doctors.The essential medicine system covers 60 percent of government-funded grassroots hospitals and drug prices have fallen by an average of 30 percent, said Sun Zhigang, Director of the Health Reform Office under the State Council, or China's Cabinet.According to the health reform plan for 2011, the essential medicine system will cover all government-sponsored health institutions at the grassroots level by the end of the year and drugs will be sold there at a zero percent mark-up.Song Wenzhi said the key will be the commitment of local governments to health reform and their financial input. This way, essential medicines can benefit the public without bankrupting grassroots health institutions."That would be a great sum of money." said Song, citing his own studies. "There are roughly 5,000 government-funded hospitals in China. One third of them make profits, one third barely break even, and still one third rely heavily on government subsidies."To maintain the poorest hospitals, central and local level governments would need to invest 15 billion yuan (2.3 billion U.S. dollars) each year, according to Song's estimate.

JERUSALEM, May 8 (Xinhua) -- Israeli researcher Jacob (Koby) Scheuer, from the Tel Aviv University (TAU) School of Electrical Engineering, has developed a nano-scale gyroscope, the Ha'aretz daily reported Sunday.Scheuer developed a new optic-fiber nano-sensor four years ago, along with an optic gyroscope that works in conjunction with the sensor. As he developed the devices, it occurred to him that his discovery could be harnessed to surgical needs, virtual reality, or communications, said the report."What we developed here is an optic gyroscope," Scheuer told Xinhua in a recent interview on Sunday, "like the others, but the breakthrough is that we found a way to measure rotation in a very, very small device using the optic sensor."Optic gyroscopes emit light when they rotate, and change its wavelength when there is any change in the speed of rotation, making it possible to measure velocity and position by the differences in light.Scheuer's gyroscope, however, is so small in comparison to the others commonly used in planes, trains and vehicles, that it can be used in cell phones or watches and does not need satellite connection like the ubiquitous Global Positioning System.The applications of this gyroscope and optic sensor are almost endless, as Scheuer puts it."It can be a pill that you swallow and can move through your body to take pictures or release drugs in a localized area," the researcher explained, "or it can be used by a doctor to operate on a patient who is thousands of kilometers away.""Our gyroscope has complete independent navigation capability, which the others don't have," he stressed.Though the new optic gyroscope works in theory, it still hasn't been tried in out in reality. "It will take some time until we can empirically demonstrate our work, I would say about three to five years," Scheuer added.Alongside the gyroscope, Scheuer continues to work on the optic sensor, whose applications can also be found in security, such as an information security system developed by Scheuer to safeguard online information that acts as a key bearer."When both parties have 'the key' it's virtually impossible to hack the information sent," Scheuer noted, terming the development as a "total paradigm change."

BEIJING, March 3 (Xinhuanet) -- A new study suggested that regular use of painkiller ibuprofen may cut the risk of developing Parkinson's disease, according to Reuters reports.The research findings were published in the online edition of the journal Neurology on Wednesday and later will appear in the print edition on March 8.The study, which followed more than 136,000 U.S. men and women for six years, showed that people who took ibuprofen at least twice a week were 38 percent less likely to develop Parkinson's, a brain disorder that causes tremors and movement problems, compared to those who didn't take the pain reliever so often.Ibuprofen is sold in the U.S. as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). But the study didn't prove that other NSAIDS, like aspirin or naproxen, could also cut the Parkinson's risk."Our study suggests ibuprofen could be a potential neuroprotective agent against Parkinson's," says lead researcher Dr. Xiang Gao from Harvard Medical School, "Protective effects are seen after taking ibuprofen two or more times a week. That's so-called regular use."However, he also warned that no proof has been found that ibuprofen itself can help ward off Parkinson's, and said that it's too early to recommend people to start taking ibuprofen to protect against the disorder.Gao said, "We just see an association, not some causal relationship."Besides, regular ibuprofen use has risks, like stomach bleeding and kidney damage.

PARIS, April 22 (Xinhua) -- Heavy load launcher Ariane 5 lifted off two communication satellites, Yahsat Y1A and Intelsat New Dawn, at around 6:37 p.m. local time (2137 GMT) on Friday from Europe's Spaceport in French Guiana.Yahsat Y1A is the first United Arab Emirates satellite launched by Arianespace. It is built by Astrium and Thales Alenia Space and will be positioned at 52.5 degrees East. With a design life of 15 years, it will be operated by the Al Yah Satellite Communications Company, a telecommunications company indirectly controlled by the Abu Dhabi Government.Weighing around 5,935 kilograms at lift-off, Yahsat Y1A was expected to be separated first around 27 minutes after the launcher started the flight.The second passenger Intelsat New Dawn was built by Orbital Sciences Corporation and weighs about 3,000 kilograms. Also with a designed life span of 15 years, it is planned to be positioned at 32.8 degrees East.Via the second mission of Ariane 5 in 2011, Yahsat Y1A will provide customized relay services for the government and commercial sectors in the Middle East, Africa, Europe and Southwest Asia, while Intelsat New Dawn will work as a part of the global Intelsat fleet, offering service for Africa.This launch, the 201st of an Ariane family vehicle since 1979, brought to 22 the number of Intelsat satellites serving Africa, according to the launching company.Originally scheduled for liftoff on March 30, this dual-payload mission was delayed following an interruption of the final countdown when an incorrect displacement of one of the engine's actuators was detected, Arianespace said in a statement. The launching center planned to have six liftoffs of Ariane 5 through this year.

BEIJING, May 19 (Xinhuanet) -- LinkedIn said Wednesday that its stock will debut at 45 U.S. dollars per share, a higher price than the company was expecting even earlier this week, media reports said.The first major U.S. social networking firm to go public, LinkedIn jacked up its initial public offering (IPO) share price for 7.84 million shares to 45 dollars just a week after it first set a target of 32-35 dollars per share.It minted LinkedIn with a market value of more than 4 billion dollars, the highest for a U.S. Internet company taking its first bow on Wall Street since Google Inc. went public nearly seven years ago.The sale could bring in more than 354 million dollars. The company's shares are expected to begin trading on the New York Stock Exchange on Thursday under the symbol "LNKD".LinkedIn has more than 100 million members in over 200 countries and territories. In 2010, the company made 15 million dollars in profit on 243 million dollars in revenue, according to its SEC filing.LinkedIn's biggest shareholder is its founder and chairman, Reid Hoffman, who owns more than 21 percent of the company.